• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1375-1387
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• 2006

Through abdominal diagnoses, deficiency and excess, and cold and heat of the eight principles for differentiating syndromes can be determined, pathogens such as fluid retention, dry stool, retention of undigested food, abdominal mass, blood stagnation, stagnation of Gi, deficiency of Kidney Yang, and, spermatorrhea can be identified, nature and stages of the symptoms can be understood and then pathogenesis analyzed. Abdominal diagnosis can be one of primary factors in deciding treatment, expecting prognosis and treatment effect, and choosing herbal prescriptions. Representative herbs for epigastric stuffiness/fullness are Radix Ginseng, Pericarpium Citri, etc; for fullness of epigastrium, Rhizoma Pinelliae, Pericarpium Citri, Rhizoma Rhei, etc.; for severely rigid epigastrium, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Ginseng, etc.; for epigastric pain, Rhizoma Pinelliae, Pericarpium Citri, etc.; for epigastric fullness and rigidity, Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Ginseng, etc.; for feeling of obstruction in the epigastirum, Radix Bupleuri, Radix Ginseng, etc.; for palpitation in the epigastrium, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Ramulus Cinnamomi, etc. It is essential to rightly diagnose through comprehensive analysis of the data gained by the four methods of diagnosis, and in doing this, further studies on how to utilize abdomen diagnosis for clinical practice.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1 s.31
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• pp.266-279
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• 1996

To complement and develop the Orient Medical Bian Zheng treatmemt(韓方辨證施治), I have observed and analysed 68 persons who have recieved medical treatment because of the epigastric pain. Considering and analysed the Clinical Diagnosis(臨床診斷) and Clinical Bian Zheng(臨床辨證), Clinical Diagnosis(臨床診斷) and Gastroscopic Bian Zheng(微觀辨證), Clinical Bian Zheng(臨床辨證) and Gastroscopic Bian Zheng(微觀辨證), case history, age and sex, I have obtained the conclusion as follows. 1. The frequency of epigastric pain according to the classfication of Clinical Bian Zheng(臨床辨證) most occured in Gi Che Zheng(氣滯證), then in Huh Han Zheng(虛寒證). and least in Wi Youl Zheng. 2. There is no clear connection between the Clinical Bian Zheng(臨床辨證) and Clinical Diagnosis(臨床診斷). 3. The frequency of the epigastric pain according to Gastroscopic Bian Zheng(微觀辨證), mainly occurred in Wi youl Type(胃熱型), Wi Rac Jac Sang Type(胃絡灼傷滯型)and then occurred in Wi Han Type(胃寒型), and least occurred in Wi Rac A Che Type(胃絡瘀滯型) 4. Having observed the relation between the Gastroscopicin Bian Zheng(微觀辨證), and Clinical Diagnosis(臨床診斷) as pathological process, I have obtained the result that Wi Youl type(胃熱型) and Wi Rac Jac Sang Type(胃絡灼傷型) mainly occurred in Erosive Gastritis and Superficial Gastritis at the early stage, and Wi Rac A Che Type(胃絡瘀滯型) occurred in the whole stage among the Wuperficial Gastritis, Atro pic Gastritis, and Erosive Gastritis, Gastric Cancer, and the Wi Han Type(胃寒型) mainly occurred in Atropic Gastritis at the later stage. 5. The relation between Clinical Bian Zheng(臨床辨證) and Gastroscopic Bian Zheng(微觀辨證) do not coincide. 6. Observing the relation between the Clinical Bian Zheng(臨床辨證) and case history, Gi Che Zheng(氣滯證), Huh Han Zheng(虛寒證), Wi Youl Zheng(胃熱證) were commonly seen in the early stage of the case history, and Eum Huh Zheng(陰虛證) and Houl A Zheng(血瘀證) were seen in every stage. 7. Observing the relation between the Clinical Bian Zheng(臨床辨證) and age, Gi Che Type(氣滯型) was mostly seen in the thirties and other Bian Zheng(辨證) was seen after the middle 8. Observing the relation between the Clinical Bian Zheng(臨床辨證) and sex, Gi Che Type(氣滯型) was seen at high ratio in both sexes. 9. Observing the relation between the Gastroscopic Bian Zheng(微觀辨證) and case history Wi Han Type(胃寒證), Wi Youl Type(胃熱型), Wi Rac Jac Sang Type(胃絡灼傷型) were seen in the early stage of the case history Wi Rac A Che Type(胃絡瘀滯型) was mostly seen in the later stage. 10. There was no clear connection between the Gastroscopic Bian Zheng(微觀辨證) and age, sex. Although the examples were not sufficient, recipe regarding the partial variation state of stomach mucos together with Orient Medical Bian Zheng(韓方辨證) treatment seems to be useful in the effective treatment of Bi wi(脾胃) disease besides the epigastric pain.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.516-521
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• 2006

The following conclusions are drawn from Hyungsang medicinal review on th globs hystericus through Donguibogam and other literatures. The globs hystericus appears in the throat and the epigastric region. It is a subjective sensation as if a plum pit is stick in the throat and is compressed, usually ac companied by stuffiness in chest, depression, nausea, and hiccup. But the throat is not marked with redness and swelling. Because Gi stagnation due to seven emotions is the main cause, the globs hystericus is usually followed by Seven Gi injuries, Pain and depressive syndrome due to disorder of Gi, palpitation due to fright, continuous violent palpitation, Gi phlegm, precordial pain with palpitation, epigastric pain due to seven emotions, cough and dyspnea due to disorder of Gi, and six kinds of stagnations. When head and body or chest and abdomen is compared to heaven and earth, the blockage of Gi between heaven and earth is common to the persons with the following charcteristics in Hyungsang; Dam type rather than Bankwang type, Gi type and Shin type rather than deer type and fish type, Taeum and Yangmyeong meridian types out of six meridian types, manly women, womanly man, too long or short neck, and signs of stagnation between the eyebrows. The globus hystericus needs, distinguishing from aphonia, acute tonsilitis, goiter, and pectorial pain with stuffiness. The affected area of aphonia and acute tonsilitis is the throat but they are not cause by the disturbance of seven emotions. Goiter can be distinguished by the changes in the appearance of neck. Even though the symptoms are similar, globus hystericus is caused by the stagnation of Gi, but the pectorial pain with stuffiness, by the insufficiency of the Heart blood. The general prescriptions are Chilgitang, Sachiltang, Gamisachiltang, Gamiijintang, and Sinihwan.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.74-77
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• 2004

Anisakiasis is a accidental parasitic infection caused by nematode larvae belonging to the subfamily Anisakinae when a raw or inadequately cooked fish is ingested. The common clinical symptoms are severe colicky abdominal pain or epigastric full sensation, nausea, vomiting and fever, but hematemesis or melena is very rare. We report a case of a 11-year-old female child who developed severe epigastric pain recurrently for 2 months, and recalled that she had eaten the raw flesh of an Astroconger myriaster. Endoscopic examination showed the whitish worm invading the stomach wall. Clinical symptoms disappeared after endoscopic removal. This study may be the first pediatric case of gastric anisakiasis in korea.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.107-116
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• 1992

In order to study the effect and safety of HPS-A on various digestive symptom, it was taken 3 times a day for 2 weeks on 31 patients. The results were as follows ; 1. The sex distribution was male 42% and female 58% 2. The age distribution was thirties 35% twenties 20%, forties 19% 3. The average improvement rate after 1 week was 85.2% and improvement rate of each symptom was epigastric soreness 89.9%, dyspepsia 85.1%, hunger pain 84.6% 4. The average improvement rate after 2 weeks was 94.5% and improvement rate of each symptom was epigastric soreness 96.6%,hunger pain 96.5%, dyspepsia 96.3% 5. No cases were showen side effects. Aecording to the above results, it is proved that PHS-A can be applied to care gastritis and early peptic ulcer.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.253-261
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• 2011

Objectives : The prevalence of peptic ulcer disease is estimated about 10% in Korea, and has declined due to Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. Symptoms of peptic ulcer are postprandial epigastric pain, hunger pain, anorexia, nauea, vomiting, soreness, postprandial fullness, postparandial discomfort. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Anjungsan in the improvement of the symptoms in patients with peptic ulcer. Methods : After taking Anjungsan to patient with peptic ulcer, Examined to assess the improvemnet by Ordinal Scale VI grade and VAS. Results : Patients with symptoms of the appeal was taking Anjungsan gets better after 3 dyas appeared to be more than half. And 11 days after treatment all symptoms were improved under the VAS 1-2 except for epigastric lump sensation. Conclusions : After treatment with Anjungsan, patient showed improvement in all symptoms associated with peptic ulcer.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.878-887
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this case report was to report the effect of Gamchosasim-tang in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms due to gastric ulcer. Methods: We treated a patient suffering from epigastric pain, sucking sensations in the epigastrium, and nausea using Gamchosasim-tang (甘草瀉心湯) for 35 days. The patient's symptoms were charted and evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and a gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS). Results: After treatment, the symptoms related to gastric ulcer were decreased and evaluation using the VAS and GSRS showed improvement in the patient. Conclusion: This study shows that Korean medicine treatment with Gamchosasim-tang may be valuable for relieving gastric ulcer symptoms.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.4-18
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of thermotherapy on gas pain, post-operative resilience, and body temperature discomfort among patients who received laparoscopic myomectomies. Methods: The experimental group consisted of 62 patients with thermotherapy and the control group consisted of 60 patients. Thermotherapy was applied individually to the experimental group four hours after surgery. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ${\chi}^2$-tests, and repeated measures of analysis of variance, using IBM SPSS Statistics version 18. Results: The results showed no significant interaction effect between the group and time of measurement in gas-related pain in the experimental group. For gas-related pain, there was significant difference in right shoulder pain at 24 hours (t=-4.222, p=.000), 48 hours (t=-3.688, p=.000), 72 hours (t=-2.250, p=.028), and left at 24 hours (t=-3.727, p=.000), 48 hours (t=-4.150, p=.000), and 72 hours (t=-2.482, p=.016) and both shoulders at 24 hours (t=-2.722, p=.009) and 48 hours (t=-2.525, p=.014). There was no significant difference in epigastric pain, excluding both epigastric pain at 48 hours (t=2.908, p=.005), 72 hours (t=3.010, p=.004), but there was a significant difference in objective body temperature discomfort (t=2.895, p=.008). Conclusion: Thermotherapy relieved shoulder gas-related pain and objective body temperature discomfort. It needs to be developed and applied to improve post-operative discomfort in patients with laparoscopic hysterectomies.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.47-67
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• 1999

The subject of Abdominal syndrome in the field of Shanghanlun takes a quarter of the whole research quantity, and has greatly contributed to the development of diagnoses due to the well-growth of syndrome differentiation through the differentiation of symptoms and signs based on prescription-centered abdominal syndrome. Since then, while the diagnostic has been developed mainly in the field of pulse fee ling and the inspection of the tongue, application of the abdominal diagnostic has not been continuously improved because of special historical and social environments. Recently, since interest in the differentiation of symptoms and signs based on abdominal syndrome has been raised by emphasis of Oriental diagnostic methods and medical treatment which have led to the study of Abdominal Syndrome in Shanghanlun. The following is the results of the study. 1. Shanghanlun abdominal syndrome is categorized into all abdominal symptoms. Epigastric symptoms, Hypochondrium symptoms, and Lower abdomen symptoms. 2. Subjective symptoms and Objective symptoms have been found in Abdominal syn drome, and Subjective symptoms have been more often than Objective symptoms. Both of the symptoms have been found more to co-exist in abdominal syndromes. 3. more cases of fullness of abdomen symptoms in All abdominal symptoms, a smaller number of cases in Taiyang disease, Yangming disease, disease, disease involving all three yang, Tayin disease and Jueyin disease have been found, but there have not been found in shaoyin disease. 4. More cases of Epigastric fullness and rigidity in Epigastric symptoms, Epigastric throbs in Palpitation symptoms, and sense of fullness-in-chest in Abdominal syndrome of chest and hypochondrium have been recognized. 5. Any regularity caused by abdominal symptoms has not been identified. 6. Diagnosis of the abdomen caused by abdominal symptoms has been identified in Epigastric fullness, Epigastric pain, Epigastric procrastination, Epigastric throb, fullness of abdomen and distension of lower abdomen.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.51-76
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• 1999

The subject of Abdominal syndrome in the field of Jin Kui Yao Lue takes a quarter of the whole research quantity, and has greatly contributed to the development of diagnoses due to the well-growth of syndrome differentiation through 'the differentiation of symptoms and signs based on prescriptions'-centered abdominal syndrome. Since then, while the diagnostic has been developed mainly in the field of pulse feeling and the inspection of the tongue, application of the abdominal diagnostic has not been continuously improved because of special historical and social environments. Recently, since interest in the differentiation of symptoms and signs based on abdominal syndrome has been raised by emphasis of Oriental diagnostic methods and. medical treatment which have led to the study of Abdominal Syndrome in Jin Kui Yao Lue. The following is the results of the study. 1. Jin Kui Yao Lue abdominal syndrome is categorized into all abdominal symptoms Epigastric symptoms, Hypochondrium symptoms, and Lower abdomen symptoms. 2. Subjective symptoms and Objective symptoms have been found in Abdominal syndrome, and Subjective symptoms have been more often than Objective symptoms. Both of the symptoms have been found more to co-exist in abdominal syndromes. 3. More cases of fullness of abdomen symptoms in All abdominal symptoms, a smaller number of cases in Taiyang disease, Yangming disease, disease involving all three yang, Tayin disease and Jueyin disease have been found, but there have not been found in Shaoyin disease. 4. More cases of Epigastric fullness and rigidity in Epigastric symptoms, Epigastric throbs in Palpitation symptoms, and sense of fullness-in-chest in Abdominal syndrome of chest and hypochondrium have been recognized. 5. Any regularity caused by abdominal symptoms has not been identified. 6. Diagnosis of the abdomen caused by abdominal symptoms has been identified in Epigastric fullness, Epigastric pain, Epigastric procrastination, Epigastric throb, fullness of abdomen and distension of lower abdomen.