• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.55-58
• /
• 2010

Epidermal cyst in the floor of mouth is relatively rare disease. Patients usually present soft and non-tender mass at the midline of mouth floor. Careful history taking and imaging study are needed for the diagnosis and surgical excision is the choice of treatment. We report a case of huge epidermal cyst located in the floor of mouth mimicking plunging ranula, which was successfully removed by transoral surgical excision without any complication. It was diagnosed as an epidermal cyst by pathologic examination.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.98-104
• /
• 2005

Integumentary structures of the chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. The integument of the fish was composed of epidermal and dermal layers. The epidermal thickness is about $20{\mu}m$ in TL 35~40 cm fish. The epidermal layer could be classified into superficial, intermediate, and basal layers by morphology and position of the supporting cells. The epidermal layer also possessed mucous cells, club cells and chloride cells. The area of secretory cells, including mucous and club cells, is about 23% of the epidermal layer. The mucous materials were identified as sulfated glycoprotein, neutral and acid in nature. Club cells had a large central vacuole and rough endoplasmic reticula in the cytoplasm. Chloride cells had numerous tubular mitochondria in the cytoplasm. The dermal layer consists mainly of collagenous fiber, and it contains fibrocytes, pigment cells and cycloid scales.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.113-119
• /
• 1988

The effects of the defoliant and desiccant dimethipin(2,3-dihydro-5,6-dimethyl-1,4-dithiin-1,1,4,4-tetraoxide) on the passive permeability and osmotic ground value of onion(Allium cepa L.) epidermal cells were investigated by plasmometric method. The osmotic ground value and the water permeability of onion epidermal cells were decreased by 9.8% and 41.2%, respectively, and the passive permeabilities of nonelectrolytesurea, methylurea, ethylurea and malonamide-were also decreased by the range of 15.7%∼57.8% after treatment with 10-3M dimethipin. After treatment with 10-4M dimethipin, the osimotic ground value and the solute permeability of onion epidermal cells were also decreased by 3.7% and 24.5%∼48.8%, respectively, but the water permeability of onion epidermal cells was increased by 8.3%. It was suggested that dimethipin treatment modified the cell membrane of onion epidermis.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.71-76
• /
• 2002

Ginseng has been used as a traditional medicine with various therapeutic effects. However, it is still unknown which component of this plant is effective at promoting wound healing. Recently, ginsenoside $Rb_2$ has been reported to improve wound healing. In this study, to investigate the reported wound healing effect of the ginsenoside $Rb_2$, cell morphology and protein factors involved in epidermal formation were evaluated by immunshemical and immunoblotting analysis. $Rb_2$ stimulated epidermal cell proliferation, and the cell showed a 1.5-fold increase in thymidine uptake compared to the control (p<0.05, n=3). Futheremore $Rb_2$, was found to stimulate epidermis formation in a dose-dependent manner in raft culture, and to dose dependently enhance the expressions of protein factors related to cell proliferation, namely, epidermal growth factor and its receptor, fibronectin and its receptor, keratin 5/14, and collagenase 1 (p<0.05, n=3~9). It is believed that ginsenoside $Rb_2$, enhances epidermal cell proliferation by upregulating the expressions of these proliferation-related factors.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.656-659
• /
• 2005

Plantar corn is a circumscribed and sharply demarcated hard mass of traumatic hyperkeratosis, which has a central core impacting the dermis deeply and causes pain while walking. The cause of the corn is the mechanical stress to the skin induced by several causative factors; extrinsic(tight shoes) or intrinsic(bony prominence), or combined(the claw toe). We found 7 cases of patients with a painful recurrent plantar corn which had an epidermal cyst under its lesion. These corns and cysts were excised totally and there was no recurrence in all cases during two to four months follow-up period. We think that an epidermal cyst may be another intrinsic factor for the development of a plantar corn. So, an epidermal cyst should be considered once in a recurrent plantar corn to be recalcitrant against popular treatments.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.140-147
• /
• 2014

Background Epidermal cysts are commonly occurring masses usually less than 5 cm in diameter, but in predisposed patients, epidermal cysts can grow relatively large due to chronic infection. Methods From June 2002 to July 2010, 17 patients received 19 regional perforator-based island flaps to cover defects due to the excision of large epidermal cysts (diameter >5 cm) in the buttocks. Eight patients had diabetes, and seven had rheumatoid arthritis. The pedicles were not fully isolated to prevent spasms or twisting. Results All the flaps survived completely, except for one case with partial necrosis of the flap, which necessitated another perforator-based island flap for coverage. There were two cases of wound dehiscence, which were reclosed after meticulous debridement. There were no recurrences of the masses during follow-up periods of 8.1 months (range, 6-12 months). Conclusions In patients with large epidermal cysts and underlying medical disorders, regional perforator-based island flaps can be the solution to coverage of the defects after excision.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
• /
• 2003.09a
• /
• pp.570-577
• /
• 2003

The importance of cornified envelope (CE)-bound lipids to epidermal barrier function is increasingly being recognized. In the present study, we intentionally damaged the cornified layer of hairless mice by ultraviolet irradiation and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) treatment, and assessed the changes in epidermal barrier function by measuring Trans Epidermal Water Loss (TEWL). We also measured changes in the amount of CE-bound lipids using thin layer chromatography (TLC). The results showed that both treatments increased TEWL and decreased CE-bound lipids (omega-hydroxy cerami de and omega-hydroxy acid). In addition, investigation of the chronological changes in TEWL revealed an inverse relationship between TEWL and CE-bound lipids, and a correlation between CE-bound lipids and epidermal barrier function. We then measured the amount of CE-bound lipids in the cheek and the medial side of the upper arm in humans. The results showed that because the cheek receives external stimulation on a daily basis, the amount of CE-bound lipids was significantly lower, while the level of TEWL was higher. These observations, together with those from the animal study, indicate that CE-bound lipids are related to epidermal barrier function.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.222-224
• /
• 2016

Epidermal cysts are intradermal or subcutaneous cystic tumors that frequently occur in the face, scalp, neck, and body trunk. Acquired cases of epidermal cyst commonly occur as a result of various surgical operations, chronic irritation, or trauma, all of which may trigger the occurrence of the invagination of squamous epithelium. A 57-year-old man presented with a palpable mass $7cm{\times}2cm$ in size in the upper lip. The patient had a 3-year history of wearing a denture to restore missing bilateral maxillary central and lateral incisors, accompanied by inflammatory findings on the buccal mucosa due to chronic lip irritation. The resected oval-shaped cyst had a size of $5.5cm{\times}3.0cm{\times}2.5cm$, and it was an encapsulated mass with a well-defined margin. The histopathology was typical of epidermal cyst. This case of a rare giant upper lip epidermal cyst in a patient wearing a denture may be of interest to clinicians.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.553-561
• /
• 2019

Rab25, a member of the Rab11 small GTPase family, is central to achieving cellular polarity in epithelial tissues. Rab25 is highly expressed in epithelial cells of various tissues including breast, vagina, cervix, the gastrointestinal tract, and skin. Rab25 plays key roles in tumorigenesis, mainly by regulating epithelial differentiation and proliferation. However, its role in skin physiology is relatively unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that Rab25 knock-out (KO) mice show a skin barrier dysfunction with high trans-epidermal water loss and low cutaneous hydration. To examine this observation, we investigated the histology and epidermal differentiation markers of the skin in Rab25 KO mice. Rab25 KO increased cell proliferation at the basal layer of epidermis, whereas the supra-basal layer remained unaffected. Ceramide, which is a critical lipid component for skin barrier function, was not altered by Rab25 KO in its distribution or amount, as determined by immunohistochemistry. Notably, levels of epidermal differentiation markers, including loricrin, involucrin, and keratins (5, 14, 1, and 10) increased prominently in Rab25 KO mice. In line with this, depletion of Rab25 with single hairpin RNA increased the expression of differentiation markers in a human keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT. Transcriptomic analysis of the skin revealed increased expression of genes associated with skin development, epidermal development, and keratinocyte differentiation in Rab25 KO mice. Collectively, these results suggested that Rab25 is involved in the regulation of epidermal differentiation and proliferation.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.803-806
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The epidermal cyst is a very common skin lesion which usually occurs in the hairy regions. They are generally small but rarely reach more than 5 cm in diameter. We present a patient with a giant epidermal cyst on buttock area. Methods: A 50-year-old man with a slowly enlarging, huge mass in his left buttock was examined. There was no history of trauma in this area. Physical examination revealed a soft, nontender, $15{\times}15cm$-sized mass in his left buttock. T1-weighted magnetic resonance images demonstrated a well-circumscribed, multilocular cystic lesion with homogeneous, slightly high signal intensity. On T2-weighted images the lesion had wide areas of high signal intensity. The mass was totally excised. Results: A histopathological finding revealed that the cystic wall was lined with whole layers of stratified squamous epithelium. Keratin layers from the surface of the epithelium were seen to be sloughing into the cystic lumen. Multinucleted giant cells were found outside the cystic wall. Conclusion: Herein we report a rare case of giant epidermal cyst occurring on the buttock.