• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.69-91
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• 2023

Objectives : This study investigates the association between disease behind the Beijing Epidemic of 1232 and fever causing internal damages as mentioned in the Neiwaishang Bianhuolun. Methods : In order to narrow the fever causing diseases in the Neiwaishang Bianhuolun, the retrospective diagnostic method was used in analysis. Disease behind the 1232 Beijing Epidemic and the fever causing internal damages were categorized. Results : Fever causing diseases in the Neiwaishang Bianhuolun could be categorized as infectious disease, inflammatory disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and fever of unknown origin. The Beijing Epidemic was limited in scale with high fatality, of which possible diseases include infectious disease and inflammatory disease with epidemic medium. Fever from internal damage has a mild prognosis, is non-epidemic, and lacks accompanying symptoms such as acute stomachache, even when it happens with external damage. This narrows the possible diseases to IBS and fever of unknown origin. Conclusions : Among internal damage fever cases treated by Li Dongyuan, there were infectious diseases from the 1232 epidemic and inflammatory diseases with mild prognosis.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.33-61
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• 2003

This paper was written in order to study the correlation of Taeumin's symptomatic phamacology to Chinese Febrile medicine. Through the symptoms and Clinical cases, treatments of the epidemic febrile disease in ${\ulcorner}Dongyi$ Suse $Bowon\{lrcorner}$ , the symptomatic phamacology for Taeumin was compared with chinese febrile medicine. The following conclusions were reached as a result of comparing the epidemic febrile disease in Taeumin with Chinese febrile medicine. 1. The concept of the epidemic febrile disease in Chinese febrile medicine is wider than that of the epidemic febrile disease in ${\ulcorner}Dongyi$ Suse $Bowon\{lrcorner}$ 2. The cause of the epidemic febrile disease in Chinese febrile medicine is fevershiness almost, but the So-byung(An Natural-Ordinary Disease) of Taeumin in ${\ulcorner}Dongyi$ Suse $Bowon\{lrcorner}$ is the basic method to diagnose the symptom of the epidemic febrile disease. 3. The So-byung of Taeumin in ${\ulcorner}Dongyi$ Suse $Bowon\{lrcorner}$ is divided into feverish symptom and cold symptom according to the so-byung. 4. In ${\ulcorner}Dongyi$ Suse $Bowon\{lrcorner}$, The method of a curative means is based on differing dimensions of the Visera and bowels, but Chinese Febrile Medicine has a equal curative means irrelevant to a patient's character.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.133-143
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• 2017

Objectives : This paper summarizes results from review of 36 cases and medical records extracted from Yeoksimanpil, involving treatment of exogenous disease in the last Joseon dynasty, and considers significance of treatment protocols. Methods : About 130 medical records from Yeoksimanpil related to exogenous disease were reviewed, and 36 cases were extracted for closer investigation. The author examined the characteristics of exogenous diseases treated in Yeoksimanpil during the Joseon dynasty, employing Yi Suki's theory about exogenous febrile disease, and analyzed the theory from the viewpoint of epidemic febrile disease (溫病學). Results : The majority of exogenous diseases recorded in Yeoksimanpil include Sanghan (傷寒); Seo (暑); Ryeohwan (厲患); and Hongjin (紅疹). Sanghan was found to be prevalent among the exogenous diseases, but diseases caused by warmth and epidemic are recognized separately from Sanghan. Yi Suki's theory about exogenous febrile disease is similar to the basic theory of modern epidemic febrile disease, although his theory was developed independently during the last Joseon dynasty. Conclusions : Although some exogenous diseases in Yeoksimanpil were recognized separately, Yi Suki did not specify each feature nor did he focus on each symptom. Instead, the author's research suggests that Yi Suki was able to identify and treat a variety of various exogenous diseases due to his accumulation of medical knowledge and skill.

• 한국환경농학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.07a
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• pp.240-272
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• 2009

Recently, as Foot and Mouth disease(FMD) outbreaks in South-East Asia, Taiwan, China, we cannot loose our tense to sustain our FMD free country status. And we have increasing possibility of disease inflow because of continual outbreaks of FMD type A, O and Asia 1 in neighbored countries, foreign visitor and foreign workers. So we have to be urgently ready for strengthen surveillance, early-report and early-diagnosis. So the most important things in epidemic control of livestock are co-work between central and local epidemic control office and field epidemic control. However, potential risk for FMD recurrence and sporadic occurrence of epidemic disease still threaten our livestock farmhouse, so we have to be ready for bio-security against these threatening. For these reasons, I will introduce the concept, etiology and epidemiology of disease and investment/ analysis of health management standard of main animals like cattle and pig which is applied to the inside and outside of country. With these references, we have to manage livestock health management thoroughly by establishing livestock health management standard and notifying special veterinarian and livestock farmer of these standard. Later on, prevention and quarantine of epidemic outbreak and establishing livestock health management standard should be undertaken primarily for sustainable growth and stability of livestock farm industry.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.2.1-2.18
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• 2022

Background: Co-infections of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and the Haemophilus parasuis (HPS) are severe in Chinese pigs, but the immune response genes against co-infected with 2 pathogens in the lungs have not been reported. Objectives: To understand the effect of PRRSV and/or HPS infection on the genes expression associated with lung immune function. Methods: The expression of the immune-related genes was analyzed using RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected and identified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting assays. Results: All experimental pigs showed clinical symptoms and lung lesions. RNA-seq analysis showed that 922 DEGs in co-challenged pigs were more than in the HPS group (709 DEGs) and the PRRSV group (676 DEGs). Eleven DEGs validated by qRT-PCR were consistent with the RNA sequencing results. Eleven common Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways related to infection and immune were found in single-infected and co-challenged pigs, including autophagy, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and antigen processing and presentation, involving different DEGs. A model of immune response to infection with PRRSV and HPS was predicted among the DEGs in the co-challenged pigs. Dual oxidase 1 (DUOX1) and interleukin-21 (IL21) were detected by IHC and western blot and showed significant differences between the co-challenged pigs and the controls. Conclusions: These findings elucidated the transcriptome changes in the lungs after PRRSV and/or HPS infections, providing ideas for further study to inhibit ROS production and promote pulmonary fibrosis caused by co-challenging with PRRSV and HPS.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.163-171
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• 2014

Epidemic models are used to analyze the spreading of epidemic diseases, estimate public health needs, and assess the effectiveness of mitigation strategies. Modeling scope of an epidemic model ranges from the regional scale to national and global scale. Most of the epidemic models developed in Korea are at the national scale using the equation-based model. While these models are useful for designing and evaluating national public health policies, they do not provide sufficient details. As an alternative, individual-based models at the regional scale are often used to describe disease spreading, so that various mitigation strategies can be designed and tested. This paper presents an individual-based epidemic spreading model at regional scale. This model incorporates 2005 census data to build the synthetic population in the model representing Daejeon in 2005. The model's capability is demonstrated by an example where we assess the effectiveness of several mitigation strategies using the model.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.37-62
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to find out some clues about effectiveness and implementing timing of the control measures against Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) in Korea. To do that, the case of FMD, which broke out during November 2010 in Korea, is examined and constructed as a system dynamics simulation model. The implications of simulation result are as follows. First of all, it is most effective measure to prevent the movement of vehicle from infected farmhouse to other noninfected farmhouses, which are located far away, in the early stage of FMD diffusion. Secondly, earlier vaccination can be adopted as a reliable means to control the epidemic when FMD spreads widely. Finally, reducing the time to vaccinate the whole noninfected livestock is a little help to restrain the additional infections of FMD.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.235-255
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• 2008

Byeollyangchamsa has been a key factor in formation of Dongwon(東垣)'s theory on internal injuries. The majority regarded Byeollyangchamsa as just epidemic disease, while Dongwon(東垣) regarded it as internal injuries by improper diet and overstrain. However, an analysis of Dongwon(東垣)'s internal injury syndrome revealed that it was a kind of external affections caused by damp-heat. In particular, heat rather than dampness have developed as the disease got worse. Therefore It can be regarded as the serious syndrome to show the impairment of Gi(氣), blood, fluids and humors for pathogenic fire.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.355-366
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• 2013

Based on analysis of the organization and listed formulas of the Sinchanbyeokonbang(新纂辟瘟方), it is clear that it has been published based on the Dong-uibogam(東醫寶鑑). This study was carried out under this premise, with focus on the differences between Sinchanbyeokonbang and the epidemic febrile disease[瘟疫] chapter of the Dong-uibogam. In short, Sinchanbyeokonbang reflected a changed view on the epidemic febrile disease, improving its professionalism by supplementing formulas from previous texts and folk prescriptions. At the same time, it improved clinical practicality rather than medical, academic facts, which shows its objective in improving public health and medicine.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.345-369
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• 2022

Infectious disease emergency hospitals are usually temporarily built during the pneumonia epidemic with higher requirements regarding diagnosis and treatment efficiency, hygiene and safety, and infection control.This study aims to identify how the Building Information Modeling (BIM) + Industrialized Building System (IBS) approach could rapidly deliver an infectious disease hospital and develop site epidemic spreading algorithms. Coronavirus-19 pneumonia construction site spreading algorithm model mind map and block diagram of the construction site epidemic spreading algorithm model were developed. BIM+IBS approach could maximize the repetition of reinforced components and reduce the number of particular components. Huoshenshan Hospital adopted IBS and BIM in the construction, which reduced the workload of on-site operations and avoided later rectification. BIM+IBS integrated information on building materials, building planning, building participants, and construction machinery, and realized construction visualization control and parametric design. The delivery of Huoshenshan Hospital was during the most critical period of the Coronavirus-19 pneumonia epidemic. The development of a construction site epidemic spreading algorithm provided theoretical and numerical support for prevention. The agent-based analysis on hospital evacuation observed "arched" congestion formed at the evacuation exit, indicating behavioral blindness caused by fear in emergencies.