• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.139-143
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• 1986

The production media and enzymatic characteristics of laccase from Ganoderma lucidum was investigated. Potato dextrose yeast extract media was proved to be the best for laccase production. The enzyme has optimum pH of 6.45km value of 6.71 mM and appeared to be stable at wide pH range. The enzyme was inactivated partially by methanol and ethanol and totally by sodium azide but not at all by acetone. Also the enzyme purification was performed and the data is given.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.89-92
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• 2005

The germination of Lactuca sativa seeds was significantly inhibited by the water extract of the fresh leaves of Pulsatilla koreana N. including abundant ranunculin. Germination inhibitory activity increased in a dose-dependantly. Protoanemonin, produced from ranunculin by enzymatic action during maceration process of leaves, was proved to be the active principle with inhibitory activity was above 90% at concentration of 1 mg/ml.

• 약학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.56-59
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• 1959

We composed a method of assaying Capsaicin in Kochuzang, which is the most characteristic hot seasoning or food in Korean foods, by making use of Fujida's $method^{2}$). Capsaicin, a hot ingredient of hot pepper, was isolated from the acetone extract of dried Kochuzang with paperchromatography and anlayzed quantitatively with Electrophotometry.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.26-35
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• 2014

Saccharothrix algeriensis NRRL B-24137 produces naturally different dithiolopyrrolone derivatives. The enzymatic activity of pyrrothine N-acyltransferase was determined to be responsible for the transfer of an acyl group from acyl-CoA to pyrrothine core. This activity was also reported to be responsible for the diversity of the dithiolopyrrolone derivatives. Based on this fact, nine dithiolopyrrolone derivatives were produced in vitro via the crude extract of Sa. algeriensis. Three of them have never been obtained before by natural fermentation: acetoacetyl-pyrrothine, hydroxybutyryl-pyrrothine, and dimethyl thiolutin (holomycin). Two acyltransferase activities, acetyltransferase and benzoyltransferase catalyzing the incorporation of linear and cyclic acyl groups to the pyrrothine core, respectively, were biochemically characterized in this crude extract. The first one is responsible for formation of acetyl-pyrrothine and the second for benzoyl-pyrrothine. Both enzymes were sensitive to temperature changes: For example, the loss of acetyltransferase and benzoyltransferase activity was 53% and 80% respectively after pre-incubation of crude extract for 60 min at $20^{\circ}C$. The two enzymes were more active in neutral and basal media (pH 7-10) than in the acidic one (pH 3-6). The optimum temperature and pH of acetyltransferase were $40^{\circ}C$ and 7, with a $K_m$ value of $7.9{\mu}M$ and a $V_{max}$ of $0.63{\mu}M/min$ when acetyl-CoA was used as limited substrate. Benzoyltransferase had a temperature and a pH optimum at $55^{\circ}C$and 9, a $K_m$ value of $14.7{\mu}M$, and a $V_{max}$ of $0.67{\mu}M/min$ when benzoyl-CoA was used as limited substrate.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1043-1055
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 항산화와 항균 활성 등이 우수한 녹차 잎을 대상으로 관련 물질 회수에 적합한 추출 용매의 농도 설정과 세포벽 분해 효소 처리 및 효모 발효가 활성을 높이는데 도움을 줄 수 있는지 살펴보았다. 입도 약 4-10 ㎛의 녹차 분말을 사용하여 추출물을 제조할 때, 다양한 에탄올 농도 가운데 50% 에탄올을 추출 용매로 하고 가열 처리 (121℃, 15 min)를 진행할 경우 높은 수율과 DPPH 라디칼 소거능 및 항균 활성을 나타내었다. 이 추출물은 B. cereus, B. licheniformis, S. aureus subsp. aureus 및 A. hydrophila subsp. hydrophila 에서 항균 활성을 나타내었다. 녹차 잎 분말에 효소 처리 및 효모 발효 진행 시 최종 녹차 잎 추출물의 항산화와 항균 활성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해, 효소 처리에는 cellulase와 pectinase를 혼합(2.5% + 2.5%)하여 사용하였고, 효모 발효에는 S. cerevisiae 가 사용되었다. 녹차 잎을 효소 처리할 경우 추출물의 수율은 증가되었으나, 50% 에탄올 추출물(대조구)에 비해 항산화와 항균 활성은 유의적으로 감소되었다(p<0.05). 그에 반해 효모 발효를 단독으로 진행할 경우 최종 추출물의 수율 증가는 없었지만, 총페놀화합물과 플라보노이드 함량을 높여 항산화와 항균 활성을 높이는데 긍정적으로 작용하였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.42-49
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• 2023

To enhance the efficacy of Abeliophyllum distichum leaves, extracts were prepared using different solvents for hydrolytic enzyme-treated Abeliophyllum distichum leaves. Physicochemical quality and antioxidant activity were measured. Soluble solids, reducing sugar, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, and polyphenols contents showed the lowest values in the control without enzyme treatment. However, they showed high contents in ethanol extract. In the case of enzyme treatment, their values were higher than those of the control. In particular, verbascoside content increased about 220 times more than that of the control group when treated with enzymes and extracted with 50% ethanol. pH was lowered upon enzymatic treatment. Regarding DPPH radical scavenging activity, for enzyme-free, 25% ethanol extract showed the highest activity among extracts with different solvents. For cellulase and pectinase-treated leaves, water extract showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity among extracts with different solvents. For leaves treated with enzyme combination, 50% ethanol extract showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity among extracts with different solvents. Regarding ABTS radical scavenging activity, it was generally higher in the 50% ethanol extract than in the water extract and 25% ethanol extract. In particular, verbascoside content was increased when the extract was prepared by co-treatment with enzymes and 50% ethanol.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 2016

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are crucial extracellular matrices degrading enzymes that take important roles in metastasis of cancer progression as well as other significant conditions such as oxidative stress and hepatic fibrosis. Natural products are on the rise for their potential to provide remarkable health benefits. In this context, halophytes have been of interest in the nutraceutical field with reported instances of isolation of bioactive compounds. In this study, Limonium tetragonum, an edible halophyte, was studied for its ability to inhibit MMP-2 and -9 using HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells. Results showed that L. tetragonum extract was able to inhibit the enzymatic activity and mRNA expression of MMP-2 and -9 according to gelatin zymography and RT-PCR assays, respectively, but it was not able to significantly change the MMP pathway related factors such as tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases. Also, Mitogen-activated protein kinases pathway-related protein levels and their phosphorylation were assayed. While the phosphorylated p38 levels were decreased, extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase were not affected by L. tetragonum treatment. In conclusion, it was suggested that L. tetragonum contains substances acting as MMP inhibitors on enzymatic activity rather than intracellular pathway intervention, which could be useful for further utilization of L. tetragonum as a source for anti-MMP agents.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.118-122
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 연속확산식 무세포 단백질 발현 시스템을 이용한 이황화결합 함유 단백질의 생산 시, 발현된 단백질의 응집으로 인한 비활성화의 문제점이 분파샤페론을 통한 발현 단백질의 용해도 증가, 세포 파쇄액의 화학적 처리를 통한 환원활성 제거, 산화환원완충액을 이용한 적절한 산화환원전위의 제공 등을 통해 단백질의 폴딩에 유리한 반응조건을 구축함으로써 해결될 수 있음을 보였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 각종 게놈 시퀀싱 프로젝트의 빠른 진척에 따라 현재 요구되고 있는 고속, 고효율의 단백질 발현 수단으로써 무세포 단백질 발현 시스템이 적용될 수 있는 가능성을 높여 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2016

Phytochemical investigation of the stems of Pueraria lobata (Wild) Ohwi (Leguminosae), led to the isolation of eighteen known compounds: ${\beta}$-amyrone (1), (+)-pinoresinol (2), (+)-syringaresinol (3) $(+)-syringaresinol-O-{\beta}-{\small{D}}-glucoside$ (4), (+)-lariciresinol (5), (-)-tuberosin (6), naringenin (7), liquiritigenin (8), isoliquiritigenin (9) genistein (10), daidzein (11) daidzin (12) daidzein 4',7-diglucoside (13) 2,4,4'-trihydroxy deoxybenzoin (14), S-(+)-1-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-phenyl)propan-2-one (15), methyl $2-O-{\beta}-{\small{D}}-glucopyranosylbenzoate$ (16), pyromeconic acid $3-O-{\beta}-{\small{D}}-glucopyranoside$ 6'- (O-4''-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate) (17), and allantion (18). The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated from spectroscopic data and by comparison of those data with previously published results. The effects of isolated compounds on mushroom tyrosinase enzymatic activity were screened. The results indicated that, chloroform extract of P. lobata stems turned out to be having tyrosinase inhibitory effect, and only compounds 5, 8, 9, and 11 showed enzyme inhibitory activity, with $IC_{50}$ values of $21.49{\pm}4.44$, $25.24{\pm}6.79$, $4.85{\pm}2.29$, and $17.50{\pm}1.29{\mu}M$, respectively, in comparison with these of positive control, kojic acid ($IC_{50}\;12.28{\pm}2.72{\mu}M$). The results suggest that P. lobata stems extract as well as its chemical components may represent as potential candidates for tyrosinase inhibitors.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.745-750
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• 2008

Anti-inflammatory potential of the enzymatic extract prepared by Kojizyme (ECK), a component of brown seaweeds Ecklonia cava (Alariaceae, Phaeophyta) in vivo was investigated. For the application of mouse ear edema model, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA) was used, a topical inducer of a long-lasting inflammatory response. Our results demonstrated that ECK inhibited ear edema when topically applied to mouse ear skin. In histological evaluation, the inhibition activity of ECK on TPA-induced inflammation is similar to that of dexamethasone, although less strong. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of IL-$1{\beta}$, IFN-$\gamma$, TNF-$\alpha$, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and the immunoreactivity to inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and COX2 expressed mainly in inflammatory cells were down-regulated by ECK. These results indicate that ECK has anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition of Th1 cytokines and 2 inducers of inflammation in TPA-induced ear skin edema.