• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.2925-2930
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• 2011

최근의 차량 연비는 고가의 연료 가격과 환경 규제 등으로 인하여 중요한 문제로 대두되었다. 전기, 전자, 기계 등의 기술 발달에 힘입어 연비는 많이 개선되었으나 현재도 연비 측정은 주어진 모드(LA-4, FTP-75 등)에서 컴퓨터 모의시험 및 다이나모에서 수행한다. 이러한 연비는 실제 도로 주행 연비와 차이가 발생한다. 그 주요 원인중의 하나는 도로의 경사를 고려하지 않았기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 경사가 포함된 고속도로에서 경사가 연비에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 경사가 포함된 영동고속도로를 주행하여 연료 소모량을 측정하고 연비를 계산한다. 또한 같은 도로를 경사가 없다고 가정하여 주행한 연비와 비교 분석한다. 이때 두 경우의 연료 소모량 차이에 의해 발생된 총 발생 에너지를 계산하고, 모의실험에서 타이어 구동력으로 부터 발생한 엔진 토크와 파워 데이터로부터 구동력에 소모된 에너지를 계산한다. 이제 도로의 경사 때문에 소모된 연료에 의해 발생된 총 발생에너지와 구동력에 사용된 에너지와의 관계를 검증한다. 또한 결론에서는 경사를 갖는 자동차 전용도로에서 경사에도 불구하고 연비를 향상할 수 있는 방안을 제시한다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2005

서울, 경기 지역의 중소 병 의원 회원들의 근무환경 실태를 파악하여, 국민보건증진과 무면허자의 방사선 검사업무 금지, 사기진작과 불만족해소, 직무만족도를 높여 복지와 권익을 향상, 정책 참여를 유도, 근무환경 개선에 목적이 있다. 2003년 7월부터 8월까지 271명을 대상으로 일반적 기본사항, 병실 수, 고용실태, 고용 및 업무범위, 이직빈도, 고용계약서 작성여부, 임금실태, 근무환경, 방사선사 호칭, 방사선안전관리, 품질관리, 방사선 차폐시설, 영상획득시스템, 필름시스템 종류, 장비보유현황, 방사선 피폭 방어기구, 협회와 관련된 항목을 설문 조사하였다. 근무환경, 불만족 문제점을 파악하여, 합리적이고 나은 근무환경을 제공하는 기초 자료로 활용하는데 이용하고, 근무환경 및 근무제도, 직제의 개선을 가져올 수 있도록 협회와 회원은 노력하여야한다. 주기적으로 설문조사를 실시하고 불만족을 해소하는 정책을 추진하도록 한다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.1709-1716
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 몇 가지 암세포를 대상으로 마늘 열수추출물(WEAS)의 항암활성을 조사하였으며, 비교적 높은 감수성을 보인 백혈병세포를 대상으로 세포증식억제가 apoptosis 유도와 연관성이 있음을 제시하였다. WEAS에 의한 U937 세포의 apoptosis 유도는 세포주기 G2/M arrest와 연관성이 있었으며, 다양한 apoptosis조절 유전자들의 발현 변화를 동반하였음을 확인하였다. 이러한 apoptosis조절 인자들의 발현변화는 미토콘드리아 막 전위의 소실과 연관성이 있었으며, WEAS에 의한 암세포의 G2/M arrest에 의한 apoptosis 유발에 ROS가 중요한 조절자로 작용함을 알 수 있었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.1294-1303
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• 2019

퍼클로레이트는 물에 용해도가 높고 안정되어 잔류하는 음이온성 오염물이다. 이 오염물은 토양/지하수는 물론 지표수, 먹는물, 식품, 어류, 농작물에도 검출이 되었다. 퍼클로레이트는 갑상선에 요오드가 흡수되는 것을 방해함으로써 대사조절에 중요한 갑상선 호르몬 생산을 감소시키는 것으로 알려졌다. 오염된 환경으로부터 퍼클로레이트를 제거하기 위한 다양한 기술이 개발되었으나 미생물에 의한 생분해가 가장 환경 친화적이고 경제적인 것으로 알려졌다. 그러나 염수와 같은 염이 있는 환경에서의 퍼클로레이트 생분해에 대한 정보는 비교적 제한적이다. 본 논문에서는 미생물을 이용한 염수의 퍼클로레이트 제거와 이와 관련된 미생물에 대해 기술하였다. 대부분 염수의 퍼클로레이트 생분해 연구는 acetate와 같은 유기물을 전자공여체로 사용하는 종속영양방식으로 이루어졌으며 폐재생액(염수) 내의 퍼클로레이트 처리에 중점을 두었다. 폐재생액은 퍼클로레이트로 오염된 지하수를 정화하는데 주로 사용되는 이온교환법에서 발생한다. 내염성 미생물을 농화배양하여 식종한 생물반응기를 통해 최고 10% NaCl 농도에서도 퍼클로레이트의 연속제거가 가능한 것으로 보고되었으나 장기적으로 안정적인 제거는 제시되지 않았다. 염수 내의 퍼클로레이트 제거에 사용된 생물반응기에는 주로 ${\beta}$-와 ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria가 우세한 것으로 나타났다. 본 논문에서 기술한 이러한 정보는 생물공학기술 개발을 위해 염수의 퍼클로레이트 생분해에 대한 이해를 하는데 도움을 줄 것이다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.235-244
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• 2021

The change of the development of transport and logistics systems occurs with the active change of technology and the advent of the era of Industry 4.0. It requires modernization of approaches to the development of transport and logistics systems at the macro and micro levels. The present study aims to identify perspective directions of development and evolution, find out the existing obstacles in the integration of technological solutions of transport and logistics systems at the macro and micro levels. This study is based on a quantitative and qualitative methodology for assessing the level of integration of technologies into transport and logistics systems to study the prospects for their development at the micro level. Macroeconomic indicators of transport and logistics in the context of different regions of the world were used to quantify the development prospects. For a qualitative assessment of the development of the transport and logistics system, the case study method was used. The object of the study was selected logistics company Sensco Logistics Inc., Austin TX. At the macro level, countries with more innovative logistics sectors have stronger mechanisms for coordinating private sector activities. Simplification of administrative procedures of control and regulation by the public sector in order to facilitate trade between countries is a promising direction for the development of transport and logistics systems. Such reforms are more effective in developing a "rigid" transport infrastructure. The integration of Industry 4.0 technology solutions into the international logistics sector is defined by political and legal barriers, especially in developing countries. In low-income countries, hard and soft infrastructure reforms are hindering the development of logistics companies that provide transport services. This determines the national level of development of transport and logistics systems, and in general the global level of development of transport and logistics. In developed countries, the legal barriers to the development of new technological logistics are environmental requirements for the integration of technologies into the transport system. These trends are slowing down the development of International Logistics, which, compared to other industries, is slower to integrate Industry 4.0 technologies. This study combines macroeconomic factors that determine the prospects for the development of transport and logistics systems at the micro level.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.1055-1061
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• 2019

식충식물(carnivorous plant)인 Sarracenia purpurea는 생육에 있어 매우 높은 수준의 광량을 필요로 하며 색, 과즙 등으로 벌레를 유인하여 영양분을 흡수하는 것으로 알려져 있다. S. purpurea는 약한 빛 조건에서 녹색을 띄었으며 강한 빛 조건에서는 잎을 포함한 포충낭 전체가 검붉은 색으로 변화하였다. 이와 같은 색의 변화는 질소비료를 첨가하였을 때에 관찰되지 않았다. S. purpurea를 붉게 물들이는 색소는 안토시아닌(anthocyanin)인 것으로 보고된 바가 있다. 본 연구에서는 빛의 세기와 질소 첨가에 따른 안토시아닌의 함량과 생합성 관련 유전자의 발현 특성을 분석하였다. $240{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$의 강한 빛 조건에서의 안토시아닌 함량은 $40{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$의 약한 빛에서 보다 6.15배 높았으며, 0.8% 요소 비료로 질소를 첨가하였을 때에는 약한 빛 조건과 큰 차이가 없었다. 안토시아닌의 초기 생합성 과정에 관여하는 CHALCONE SYNTHASE (CHS) 유전자는 강한 빛에서 발현이 증가하였고 질소 양분을 첨가하였을 때에 감소하였다. 이상의 결과는 빛과 토양의 환경 변화가 S. purpurea의 안토시아닌의 함량을 조절한다는 것을 보여주고 있다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제82권2호
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• pp.133-142
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• 2019

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis involves irreversible alveolar destruction. Although alveolar epithelial type II cells are key functional participants within the lung parenchyma, how epithelial cells are affected upon bleomycin (BLM) exposure remains unknown. In this study, we determined whether BLM could induce cell cycle arrest via regulation of Schlafen (SLFN) family genes, a group of cell cycle regulators known to mediate growth-inhibitory responses and apoptosis in alveolar epithelial type II cells. Methods: Mouse AE II cell line MLE-12 were exposed to $1-10{\mu}g/mL$ BLM and $0.01-100{\mu}M$ baicalein (Bai), a G1/G2 cell cycle inhibitor, for 24 hours. Cell viability and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed by MTT and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Apoptosis-related gene expression was evaluated by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cellular morphology was determined after DAPI and Hoechst 33258 staining. To verify cell cycle arrest, propidium iodide (PI) staining was performed for MLE-12 after exposure to BLM. Results: BLM decreased the proliferation of MLE-12 cells. However, it significantly increased expression levels of interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor ${\alpha}$, and transforming growth factor ${\beta}1$. Based on Hoechst 33258 staining, BLM induced condensation of nuclear and fragmentation. Based on DAPI and PI staining, BLM significantly increased the size of nuclei and induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. Results of qRT-PCR analysis revealed that BLM increased mRNA levels of BAX but decreased those of Bcl2. In addition, BLM/Bai increased mRNA levels of p53, p21, SLFN1, 2, 4 of Schlafen family. Conclusion: BLM exposure affects pulmonary epithelial type II cells, resulting in decreased proliferation possibly through apoptotic and cell cycle arrest associated signaling.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.257-265
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• 2021

Modern methods of regulating migration processes in EU states include a wide variety of adapted, transformed under the sway of globalization tools in order to influence the movement of human capital within the European space. The main purpose of the regulatory policy on migration flows is the redistribution of professionally competent professionals between different spheres of life. Herewith, the determining factor in the effectiveness of such distribution is a rational combination of stimulating and disincentive levers of influence on the movement of citizens of different EU countries and taking into account the motives of such mobility. Modernization of migration management approaches can be a major economic, social, political and cultural progress of European countries. The purpose of the research is to conduct a detailed analysis of existing practices of migration flow management, in particular their stimulation or containment, and to outline key migration trends formed under the influence of multicomponent approaches to migration regulation, transformation of regulatory legislation and changing priorities of modern society. The research methods: statistical-analytical method; ARIS method; method of tabular, graphical and analytical modeling; comparative analysis; systematization, generalization. Results. Current pan-European methods of regulating migration processes are insufficiently adapted to the multinational socialeconomic space; consequently, there are some disparities in the distribution of migrants between EU countries, although the overall dynamics of migration is positive. Fluctuations in the population of European countries during 2000-2019 and trends in the transformation of social-economic space confirm the insufficient level of influence of current methods of regulating migration flows. Along with this, the presence of a characteristic asymmetry in the distribution of migrants requires a greater focus on the modernization of regulatory instruments, in particular, the regulatory mechanism for managing migration processes. As a result of the conducted study, further prospects for the implementation of alternative methods of regulating migration processes in EU states have been outlined; the current and projected limits for increasing the level of observance of migrants' rights at the European level have been clarified through the adoption of appropriate regulatory acts; effective solutions for intensifying the influx of high-quality labor resources from different countries to EU have been identified. The research results can be used to study methods of regulating migration processes in the countries in the global dimension.

• 분석과학
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2021

In order to measure the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of a sample which is too large to use commercially available chamber, a stainless steel vacuum chamber (VC) (with an internal diameter of 205 mm and a height of 50 mm) was manufactured and the temperature of the chamber was controlled using an oven. After concentrating the volatiles of the sample in the chamber by helium gas, it was made possible to remove residual volatile substances present in the chamber under reduced pressure ((2 ± 1) × 10-2 mmHg). The chamber was connected to a purge & trap (P&T) using a 6 port valve to concentrate the VOCs, which were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after thermal desorption (VC-P&T-GC-MS). Using toluene, the toluene recovery rate of this device was 85 ± 2 %, reproducibility was 5 ± 2 %, and the detection limit was 0.01 ng L-1. The method of removing VOCs remaining in the chamber with helium and the method of removing those with reduced pressure was compared using Korean drinking water regulation (KDWR) VOC Mix A (5 μL of 100 ㎍ mL-1) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, 2 μL of 500 ㎍ mL-1). In case of using helium, which requires a large amount of gas and time, reduced pressure ((2 ± 1) × 10-2 mmHg) only during the GC-MS running time, could remove VOCs and BHT to less than 0.1 % of the original injection concentration. As a result of analyzing volatile substances using VC-P&T-GC-MS of six types of cell phone case, BHT was detected in four types and quantitatively analyzed. Maintaining the chamber at reduced pressure during the GC-MS analysis time eliminated memory effect and did not affect the next sample analysis. The volatile substances in a cell phone case were also analyzed by dynamic headspace (HT3) and GC-MS, and the results of the analysis were compared with those of VC-P&T-GC-MS. Considering the chamber volume and sample weight, the VC-P&T configuration was able to collect volatile substances more efficiently than the HT3. The VC-P&T-GC-MS system is believed to be useful for VOCs measurement of inhomogeneous large sample or devices used inside clean rooms.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2022

Background: In Japan, new regulations that revise the dose limit for the lens of the eye (hereafter the lens), operational quantities, and measurement positions for the lens dose were enforced in April 2021. Based on the international safety standards, national guidelines, the results of the Radiation Safety Research Promotion Fund of the Nuclear Regulation Authority, and other studies, the Working Group of Radiation Protection Standardization Committee, the Japan Health Physics Society (JHPS) developed a guideline for radiation dose monitoring for the lens. Materials and Methods: The Working Group of the JHPS discussed the criteria of non-uniform exposure and the management criteria set not to exceed the dose limit for the lens. Results and Discussion: In July 2020, the JHPS guideline was published. The guideline consists of three parts: main text, explanations, and 26 examples. In the questions, the corresponding answers were prepared, and specific examples were provided to enable similar cases to be addressed. Conclusion: With the development of the guideline on radiation dose monitoring of the lens, radiation managers and workers will be able to smoothly comply with revised regulations and optimize radiation protection.