• 자원환경지질
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.319-330
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• 2007

청송 무포산응회암은 경상분지 북동부 화산암류에서 하나의 냉각단위로 구별되는 층서단위이다. 이 응회암은 그 입도에 의하면 대부분 응회암에 속하고 구성원에 의하면 파리질 응회암에 속한다. 대부분 부석과 샤드가 일정하게 배열되고 심하게 편평화되어 용결엽리를 발달시키며 여러 가지 흐름지시자를 보여준다. 무포산응회암에서 부석 정향배열에 의한 유상선구조로부터 이동 패턴, 암편과 부석의 와상배열, 용결엽리의 비대칭 유상습곡 등의 흐름 지시자, 암편과 부석의 최대입경의 측방점이, 그리고 구성원 함량의 측방점이에 의하면 이 응회암을 집적시킨 화쇄류는 남동부에서 공급되었던 것으로 해석된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.1231-1238
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• 2007

The promotion of walking and bicycling is recently a hot topic in the urban planning and design field. Many planners have already examined the many components of the land use-transportation connection and built environment-physical activity link. A rapidly growing area of urban form research is to measure the level of walk-ability in urban environments. With this background, this research conducted a preliminary study to develop the evaluation indicators of pedestrian environments. Based on the literature reviews on walking or pedestrian environments, we proposed the seventeen indicators related with pedestrian facilities, road attributes and walking environment. We also performed a questionary survey to evaluate the satisfaction of their neighborhood pedestrian environments for 302 randomly selected adults living in the City of Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do. Finally, this research provided the valid model to evaluate the effects of physical environmental factors on the walking satisfaction using factor analysis and multiple regression analysis.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.1063-1068
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• 2010

본 연구는 유효한 분변오염의 지표 미생물로서 제안되고 있는 E.coli와, 병원성 바이러스에 대한 지표 미생물로 추천되는 $Q{\ss}$ 파지의 UV 및 UV/$H_2O_2$에 대한 내성을 비교하였다. 이 결과에 의거, 병원성 바이러스 관리를 위한 E.coli 규제의 유효성을 고찰하였다. 또한, 병원성 바이러스에 대한 대체 지표 미생물로써, $Q{\ss}$ 파지, T4 및 lambda 파지의 실제 하수 2차 처리 수중에서의 UV 불활성화를 비교하였다. 실험결과, $Q{\ss}$ 파지와 E.coli는 UV에 대해 거의 동등한 내성을 보였으나, UV/$H_2O_2$ 공정에 대해서는 E.coli보다 $Q{\ss}$ 파지가 더 높은 내성을 보였다. 이로부터, $Q{\ss}$ 파지가 모든 병원성 바이러스의 UV 또는 UV/$H_2O_2$에 대한 내성을 대표한다고 할 수는 없을지라도, 지표 미생물로써 E.coli의 불활성화 효과에만 의존하는 것은, 소독공정에 따라서는 바이러스류에 대해 충분한 소독효과를 얻지 못할 수도 있음을 알 수 있었다. 한편, T4 및 lambda 등 DNA 파지와 불활성화를 비교하였을 경우, $Q{\ss}$ 파지가 UV에 대해 더 낮은 내성을 보였다. 따라서, 불활성화에 대한 지표 바이러스로써 $Q{\ss}$ 파지의 이용은 낮은 UV 조사량의 도입에 의해 결과적으로 불충분한 소독효과를 초래할 수도 있을 것 같다. 이 결과는, 병원성 바이러스류에 대해 보다 충분한 불활성화를 달성하기 위해서는 RNA 파지인 $Q{\ss}$보다 T4 및 lambda 등 DNA 파지가 지표 바이러스로써 보다 유효할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.472-481
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• 2017

Agricultural field near at the abandoned metal mine and industrial area has a high possibility to be polluted by heavy metals. However, concern about chemical properties including heavy metal concentration has been increased and biological properties such as soil respiration has been minimal in heavy metal polluted field. Therefore, main objective of this research was to evaluate soil respiration as an indicator of heavy metal pollution in agricultural field. Total of 60 sampling sites including each 30 sites of abandoned metal mine and industrial area were selected and heavy metal concentration, soil respiration, and chemical properties were measured. Results showed that heavy metal concentration in metal mine area was ranged Cu: $6.21~85.23mg\;kg^{-1}$, Pb: $23.84{\sim}1,044.72mg\;kg^{-1}$, As: $1.88{\sim}691.44mg\;kg^{-1}$, Zn: $18.72{\sim}527.55mg\;kg^{-1}$, Cd: $0.58{\sim}4.27mg\;kg^{-1}$, and Cu: $0.29{\sim}30.62mg\;kg^{-1}$, Pb: $4.41{\sim}19.77mg\;kg^{-1}$, As: $2.23{\sim}11.76mg\;kg^{-1}$, Zn $39.98{\sim}109.59mg\;kg^{-1}$, Cd $0.29{\sim}0.57mg\;kg^{-1}$ for industrial area respectively. While no sampling site was exceed the threshold value of each heavy metals in industrial field, metal mine area was highly polluted with Pb, As, Zn, and Cd. Soil respiration in the metal mine and industrial area was ranged $12.05{\sim}299.80mg\;O_2\;kg^{-1}$ and $27.68{\sim}330.94mg\;O_2\;kg^{-1}$, respectively. Correlation analysis between heavy metal concentration in soil and soil respiration showed that negative correlation was observed in metal mine area while no correlation was observed in industrial area. This result might indicate that as heavy metal concentration was increased, microbial activity in soil was decreased resulting decrease of soil respiration rate. Overall, soil respiration can be used as indicator of heavy metal pollution in soil and more biological properties need to be evaluated to better understand heavy metal pollution in soil.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.62-72
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• 2019

북한 건설 인프라 재건사업은 남 북한 경제협력 초기 단계에서 급격한 수요증가가 발생될 것으로 예상되고 있다. 그러나 현재까지 북한 건설 인프라에 대한 현황 분석은 과거 시점을 기준으로 이루어져있을 뿐만 아니라, 정성적인 접근을 통해 장황하게 서술되어 있는 경우가 대다수이다. 북한 내 건설 인프라 시설물별 구축 현황 및 노후화 진행 정도 등에 대한 일관된 평가 체계가 부재함에 따라 인프라 현황에 대해 신속한 적정 수준 판단 및 향후 재건사업의 범위 및 규모 등에 대한 선제적인 의사결정 수립이 어려운 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 우선 북한 건설 인프라의 기능 및 노후화 정도 등과 관련된 구축 현황 정보와 운영 실태를 파악하기 위한 평가 요소를 체계화하고, 인프라의 적정 수준 평가에 활용될 수 있는 성능지표를 제시하고자 한다. 그리고 둘째, 평가지표를 기반으로 북한 개별 인프라에 대한 구축 현황을 신속하게 판단할 수 있는 적용 방안을 리포트카드 형태로 마련하였다. 본 연구의 결과인 성능지표 및 리포트카드 기틀은 향후 북한 건설 인프라의 구축 현황 및 향후 투자범위 등에 대한 의사결정에 기반을 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국데이터정보과학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.63-75
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• 2004

The decision tree approach is most useful in classification problems and to divide the search space into rectangular regions. Decision tree algorithms are used extensively for data mining in many domains such as retail target marketing, fraud dection, data reduction and variable screening, category merging, etc. We analyze Gyeongnam social indicator survey data using decision tree techniques for environmental information. We can use these decision tree outputs for environmental preservation and improvement.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.759-771
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• 2004

The decision tree approach is most useful in classification problems and to divide the search space into rectangular regions. Decision tree algorithms are used extensively for data mining in many domains such as retail target marketing, fraud dection, data reduction and variable screening, category merging, etc. We analyze Gyeongnam social indicator survey data using decision tree techniques for environmental information. We can use these decision tree outputs for environmental preservation and improvement.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.10-15
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• 1993

Hygienic condition of farm waters has an effect on the hygiene of dairy foods. So we examined Standard Plate Count, coliform, E. coli, heat-resistant bacteria, psychrophilic bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterococcus for the bacterial sanitation of 78 farm waters in Kyunggi Province. Of the 78 farm waters, the average number of psychrophilic bacteria was 750 $\pm$ 170/ml, SPC 440 $\pm$ 130/ml, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 130 $\pm$ 97/100/ml, Coliform 22 $\pm$ 17/ml, E. coli 10 $\pm$ 6/100/ml, Heatresistant bacteria 5 $\pm$ 1ml, and Enterococcus 2 $\pm$ 1/100/ml. The percent of over than 1000/ml in SPC and psychrophilic bacteria of 78 farm water was 11.5% and 23.1%, respectively. The rate of over than 10/ml in coliform and heat-resistant bacteria was 12.8% and 15.4%, respectively and the rate of over than 10/100 ml in E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterococcus was 8.9%, 33.3%, and 2.6%, respectively. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was no significant between any other indicator organisms, and psychrophilic bacteria was significant with only SPC but other indicator organisms were highly significant with each other.

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국데이터정보과학회 2005년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.59-69
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• 2005

Data mining technique is used to find hidden knowledge by massive data, unexpectedly pattern, relation to new rule. The methods of data mining are decision tree, association rules, clustering, neural network and so on. Clustering is the process of grouping the data into clusters so that objects within a cluster have high similarity in comparison to one another. It has been widely used in many applications, such that pattern analysis or recognition, data analysis, image processing, market research on off-line or on-line and so on. We analyze Gyeongnam social indicator survey data by 2001 using twostep clustering technique for environment information. The twostep clustering is classified as a partitional clustering method. We can apply these twostep clustering outputs to environmental preservation and improvement.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2016

New urbanism is a school of urban development that combines residential, commercial, and civic land uses in a dense urban fabric of carefully prescribed form. Its advocates claim that New Urbanist developments are superior to prevailing urban development patterns on social and environmental sustainability. Its critics, however, argue that New Urbanism developments do not measure up to the social and environmental ideals and are, in some cases, just another form of urban sprawl. The goal of this study is to evaluate various criticisms of New Urbanist communities. This paper used empirical evidence to determine the performance of New Urbanist developments on the broader spatial and social context as opposed to the internal characteristics of the communities using GIS indicators. The results showed that the communities did not meet conventional criteria for New Urbanist ideals.