• 보건행정학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.264-276
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• 2015

Background: Healthy cities of Korea have engaged in various activities regarding the Korea Healthy Cities Partnership, and research activities on healthy cities is one of the important area. In the present context, due to the current policy to pursue Sustainable Development Goals locally and globally, it is essential to emphasize the importance of healthy city. Therefore, it is important to identify the research trend related to healthy city. The aim of this study was to find out research trend of healthy city studies from 1990 to 2014 by reviewing published papers and studies systematically. Based on the finding of the study, the necessary implications on future research directions of the healthy city are obtained. Methods: The area of this study is domestic journal (Korea), international journal, thesis, and research report focusing on healthy city from 1990 to 2014. The selection of data was performed using keyword is based on domestic and international database. The analysis criteria were divided into year of publication, type of study, subjects, study methods, and study area. Results: One hundred twenty papers were selected for the analysis. Papers related to the healthy city issue were published 4.8 times in an average in a year during that the period. However, the number of papers published increased dramatically in the recent 4 years. Of total, 28 papers (44.4%) focused on the healthy city policy and urban environmental improvement, 18 papers (28.6%) focused on health promotion, and the remaining were program centered. Most papers (71 out of 120) used quantitative study methods. Of total studies, studies have conducted in Jinju city (9), Wonju city (8), Changwon city (6), and Gangnam-gu (5), respectively, as a study area of healthy city. Conclusion: First, domestic healthy city researches has been gradually increasing every year, over the past 10 years which has heightened interest in healthy cities. Second, the expansion of the various areas of research is required in order to contribute to future sustainable healthy city. Third, in recent years, by taking advantage of a variety of research methods, conducting the qualitative and mixed method research is considered to be a desirable change.

• 생태와환경
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

본 연구는 훼손된 하천 수생태계의 훼손원인을 식별하고 그 전이 과정을 규명하기 위해 수생태계 훼손원인 진단체계를 구축하고 정책적 활용 가능성을 보고자 하였다. 수생태계 현황 조사 및 건강성 평가결과는 하천의 훼손에 대한 전반적인 상황을 알 수 있어 하천 복원 및 관리의 판단 근거로 사용된다. 그러나 하천이 훼손된 원인이나 훼손이 발생하게 된 전이 과정을 고려하지 못한다는 한계를 가진다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 과학적이고 체계적인 진단체계를 제안하여 훼손원인과 그 전이 과정을 규명하였다. 미국, 호주, 유럽의 사례를 분석하여 우리나라에 맞는 진단체계를 제안하였다. 총 8단계로 구성되며, 기초자료 조사, 하천 수생태계 훼손 판단, 훼손 구간 설정, 훼손 유형화 및 잠재적 훼손원인 도출, 본 조사, 주훼손원인 진단 및 최적 훼손 모델 도출, 종합분석 및 하천 복원방안으로 이루어져 있다. 이러한 진단체계는 하천 생태계의 복잡하고 다양한 특성을 고려하여 훼손원인을 파악할 수 있으며 하천 복원 및 관리 방안을 제시하여 효율적인 의사결정을 지원할 수 있다.

• 지역연구
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2020

최근 도시정책에서는 '건강'에 대한 중요성이 크게 증가하고 있다. 우리나라에서는 급격한 도시화로 인해 발생한 환경문제로 인한 신체적 건강의 악화와 경쟁위주의 사회에서 발생하는 사회적 관계 단절로 인한 정신적 건강의 악화가 끊임없이 발생하고 있다. 이러한 문제들을 해결하기 위해 공중보건분야와 도시정책 분야를 융합하여 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 서울시를 대상으로 2018년 서울서베이를 이용하여 보행환경의 만족과 보행환경 안전에 대한 인식이 사회적 자본을 매개하여 주관적 건강인식에 미치는 영향을 남성과 여성 그룹으로 나누어 분석하였다. 연구방법으로는 구조방정식 다중집단분석을 활용하였다. 연구결과, 남성그룹에서는 보행환경만족도, 보행환경 안전인식이 사회적 자본에 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었고 보행환경 만족과 사회적 자본이 주관적 건강인식에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 여성 그룹에서는 보행환경 만족도는 사회적 자본에 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않았으며 보행환경 안전 인식만 유의미한 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 보행환경 만족, 보행환경 안전인식, 사회적 자본이 모두 주관적 건강인식에 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되어 건강한 도시 정책의 수립을 위해서는 보건, 의학 분야와 도시 계획 및 정책 분야의 융합연구의 필요성과 그룹별 차별적인 정책이 필요함을 시사한다.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.515-527
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• 2016

This study investigated social determinants and their interaction effects on the health of school-aged children in diverse environmental factors pertaining to the individual, family, and peers from an ecological systematic perspective. Data were drawn from the first wave of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) developed by the National Youth Policy Institute and conducted in 2010. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Cronbach ${\alpha}$, correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS ver. 18. The results from this study showed that sex and age were related to the health of school-aged children, as social determinants. Self-rated levels of the health of boys and younger children were more positive than girls and older children; in addition, levels of self-resilience, satisfaction of peer relation, and parenting rearing attitude were found to have a positive impact on self-rated levels of the health of school-aged children as protective factors. Especially, according to the result of interaction analysis between factors, self-resilience, and parenting rearing attitude were moderators of the effects on between sex and household income and self-rated level of the health of school-aged children respectively. The findings from this study suggested the need to expand the social intervention range to improve school-aged children's health.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.218-227
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• 2023

Background: Since 2019, the Ministry of Environment has implemented a seasonal fine dust management system from December to March, targeting high PM_2.5 levels with the aim of reducing PM_2.5 concentrations and protecting public health. The focus of improving the seasonal management system lies in the atmospheric PM_2.5 levels. Considering the primary goal of protecting public health, it is necessary to analyze the policy effects from an exposure perspective rather than a concentration-based approach. Objectives: This study aims to quantitatively assess the improvement of indoor PM_2.5 levels and the health impacts of the seasonal management system by comparing the periods before and during its implementation in residential environments. Methods: PM_2.5 concentrations within residential environments in a metropolitan area were measured using an optical particle counter (IAQ-C7, K-weather, Ltd, Korea) at one-minute intervals during the pre-implementation period (November 21~25, 2022) and during the implementation period (December 19~23, 2022). Based on the measured PM_2.5 concentrations, a quantitative evaluation of cancer and mortality risks was conducted according to age and gender. Results: The results of comparing indoor and outdoor PM_2.5 concentrations before and during the implementation of the seasonal management system showed a decrease of approximately 56.6% and 47.9%, respectively. Health risk assessments revealed that both the safety-limit-based and safety-target-based Hazard Quotients (HQ) exceeded the threshold of 0.1 for children under 19 years of age, both before and after the implementation. The mortality risk decreased by approximately 47.9% after the implementation, with children aged 0-9 showing the highest mortality risk at 0.9%. Conclusions: The findings of this study confirmed the positive health impacts of the seasonal management system across all age groups, particularly children under 19 who are more vulnerable to fine dust exposure.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.275-288
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• 2023

Background: When basic local governments want to improve their air quality management policies, they need fundamental evidence, such as the effectiveness of current policies or scenario results. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to lay the groundwork for a process to calculate air pollutant reduction from basic local government air quality policies and provide numerical estimates of PM_2.5 concentrations following improved policies. Methods: We calculated the amount of air pollutant reduction that can be expected in the research region based on the Gyeonggi-do Air Environment Management Implementation Plan issued in 2021 and guidelines from the Korean Ministry of Environment. The PM_2.5 concentration variations were numerically simulated using the CMAQ (photochemical air quality model). Results: The research regions selected were Suwon, Ansan, Yongin, Pyeongtaek, and Hwaseong in consideration of population, air pollutant emissions, and geographical requirements. The expected reduction ratios in 2024 compared to 2018 are CO (3.0%), NO_x (7.9%), VOCs (0.7%), SO_x (0.1%), PM₁₀ (2.4%), PM_2.5 (6.1%), NH₃ (0.05%). The reduced PM_2.5 concentration ratio was highest in July and lowest in April. The expected concentration reduction of yearly mean PM_2.5 in the research region is 0.12 ㎍/m³ (0.6%). Conclusions: Gyeonggi-do is now able to quickly provide air pollutant emission reduction calculations by respective policy scenario and PM_2.5 simulation results, including for secondary aerosol particles. In order to provide more generalized results to basic local governments, it is necessary to conduct additional research by expanding the analysis tools and periods.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.143-164
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• 2008

Concern about perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) is growing nationally as well as globally. PFCs could be considered emerging POPs due to their environmentally persistent, bioaccumulative, and potentially harmful properties. Moreover. perfluoroalkylates (PFAs) such as PFOS and PFOA are reported to experience long-range transport (LRT) to the Arctic in spite of their low volatility and strong solubility. The possible pathways contributing to LRT have been proposed but are still in debate in combination with unclear source definition and uncertain physico-chemical properties. The environmental fate of PFCs is more complicated because of the presence of precursors that are degraded to PFAs and are extremely different from their daughters, PFAs. in physico-chemical properties. To what extent and through what pathways are human and wildlife exposed is determined by the environmental fate and distribution of PFCs. To define uncertainties in fate and distribution thus is critical to prevent erroneous policy and/or determination related with exposure and risk reduction. This article aimed to review controversy and/or uncertain issues for the environmental fate and distribution of PFCs and to prospect research topics necessary to dissolve uncertainties.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.205-221
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• 2002

Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is a tool used in planning development strategies and projects, and its use has been adopted into planning regulations in a number of countries. EIA has progressed from the consideration of pollution assessment, through the wider range of ecological assessment. Now EIA is required to consider the textbook of university students. Students taking lesson on EIA textbook are generally majoring in a variety of subjects, including environmental engineering, environmental health, environmental science, city planning, civil engineering, public policy, economics, and applied earth sciences. However, substantiality program of teaching material on EIA textbook has not been studied at expert society in the meantime, though a number of EIA textbook have been published every year in Korea. In current study, we presented the point at issue and improvement method of teaching material of EIA for student using domestic and foreign teaching materials and papers.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.264-275
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• 2007

The objective of this study was to offer basic and scientific data for decision-making of policy for improvement and management of radon, natural radiation gas, in Korea and to form the foundation of radon related international cooperation. Therefore, this study collected and re-analysed the articles on exposure of radon in various indoor environment in journals related environment in Korea since 1980 and estimated the annual exposure dose and effective dose by exposure of radon received by inhabitants in them. The highest pooled average radon concentration of $50.17{\pm}4.08\;Bq/m^3$ (95% CI : $42.17{\sim}58.17\;Bq/m^3$) was found in dwelling house among various indoor environment. All of pooled average radon concentration estimated in this study showed lower than the guideline concentration ($148\;Bq/m^3)$ of US EPA and the Korean Ministry of Environment. The annual effective dose received by inhabitants in various indoor environment was estimated 1.071 mSv/yr. That is equal to annual effective dose (1.0 mSv/yr) by exposure of radon estimated by UNSCEAR.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.91-110
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• 2002

Ecosystem health assessment is an emerging concept regarded as a useful diagnostic tool for evaluating ecosystems. The stability of ecosystem is the main theme in the assessment. Generally, two components - resilience and resistance - are involved in the mechanism of ecosystem stability. In this study, relative degrees of the resistance and the resilience were quantified for most aquatic Insects Inhabiting running waters in Korea. A total of 34 groups were newly categorized based on previous studies, and a conceptual model has been produced. The model was applied for the aquatic insect communities inhabiting different streams and demonstrated that each stream ecosystem possessed different degrees of stability. This study also indicated that it was possible to compare stabilities of different ecosystems using relative degrees of resilience and resistance. Using the conceptual model, suitable conservation and management strategies could be recommended in ecological assessments. The model can be used as a stepping-stone for developing more comprehensive methodology that objectively diagnoses and evaluates the ecosystem stability.