• Title/Summary/Keyword: environmental DNA

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Diversity Evaluation of Xylella fastidiosa from Infected Olive Trees in Apulia (Southern Italy)

  • Mang, Stefania M.;Frisullo, Salvatore;Elshafie, Hazem S.;Camele, Ippolito
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.102-111
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    • 2016
  • Olive culture is very important in the Mediterranean Basin. A severe outbreak of Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS) caused by Xylella fastidiosa infection was first noticed in 2013 on olive trees in the southern part of Apulia region (Lecce province, southern Italy). Studies were carried out for detection and diversity evaluation of the Apulian strain of Xylella fastidiosa. The presence of the pathogen in olive samples was detected by PCR amplifying the 16S rDNA, gyrase B subunit (gyrB) and HL hypothetical protein genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) assessment was performed to genotype X. fastidiosa. Twelve SNPs were recorded over gyrB and six SNPs were found for HL gene. Less variations were detected on 16S rDNA gene. Only gyrB and HL provided sufficient information for dividing the Apulian X. fastidiosa olive strains into subspecies. Using HL nucleotide sequences was possible to separate X. fastidiosa into subspecies pauca and fastidiosa. Whereas, nucleotide variation present on gyrB gene allowed separation of X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca from the other subspecies multiplex and fastidiosa. The X. fastidiosa strain from Apulia region was included into the subspecies pauca based on three genes phylogenetic analyses.

Newly recorded unarmored dinoflagellates in the family Kareniaceae(Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) in brackish and coastal waters of Korea

  • Cho, Minji;Choi, Hojoon;Nam, Seung Won;Kim, Sunju
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.39 no.2
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    • pp.236-244
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    • 2021
  • Unarmored dinoflagellates, in the family Kareniaceae, include harmful or toxic bloom-forming species, which are associated with massive fish kills and mortalities of marine organisms worldwide. The occurrence and distribution of the toxigenic species in the family Kareniaceae were investigated in the brackish and coastal waters of Korea between July 2018 and October 2020. During the survey, we collected seven newly recorded species; Karenia papilionacea, Karlodinium digitatum, Karl. veneficum, Karl. zhouanum, Takayama acrotrocha, T. helix, and T. tasmanica. A total of fifteen strains of the seven taxa were successfully established as clonal cultures and examined using LM, SEM, and molecular phylogeny inferred from LSU rDNA sequences. Herein, we present the taxonomic information, morphological features, and molecular phylogenetic positions of the unrecorded dinoflagellate species collected from Korean coastal waters.

New records of five taxa of unarmored and thin-walled dinoflagellates from brackish and coastal waters of Korea

  • Hojoon Choi;Minji Cho;Sunju Kim
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.39 no.4
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    • pp.573-580
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    • 2021
  • Unarmored and thin-walled dinoflagellates were collected from brackish and coastal waters of Korea from August 2019 to August 2021. A total of 10 species belonging to orders Sussiales and Gymnodiniales were isolated and established as clonal cultures. Of them, five species (Biecheleria brevisulcata, Lepidodinium chlorophorum, Karlodinium decipiens, Kirithra asteri, and Wangodinium sinense) are newly recorded in Korea and examined using a light microscope (LM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Their molecular phylogeny was inferred from LSU rDNA sequences. Here, we present taxonomic information, morphological features, and molecular phylogenetic positions of these unrecorded dinoflagellate species.

Morphological change of Mongolian gerbil testis and DNA damage of spermatocytes by irradiation (방사선 조사에 의한 몽고리안 저빌 고환의 형태 및 정모세포의 DNA 손상 변화)

  • 김진규;송치원;김무강;김봉희;천기정
    • Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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    • 2001.05a
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    • pp.120-120
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    • 2001
  • 방사선 조사는 생물체의 여러 장기에 큰 손상을 일으키며 생식기에도 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이중 숫컷의 고환내의 분화중인 정모세포는 매우 민감함을 나타내며 그 결과 방사선 조사 정도에 따라 정자의 이상 형태 및 정자수의 감소를 나타내어 무정자증까지 초래할 가능성이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 실험에는 8주된 Mongolian gerbil 숫컷을 사용하여 5Gy 및 10 Gy(선량률 : 1 Gy/분)를 조사하였으며 방사선 조사 바로 직후 및 7일에 고환을 채취하였다. (중략)

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