Acknowledgement
This work was supported by a Research Grant of Pukyong National University(2021).
References
- Anderson DM, AD Cembella and GM Hallegraeff. 2012. Progress in understanding harmful algal blooms: paradigm shifts and new technologies for research, monitoring, and management. Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. 4:143-176. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-120308-081121
- Archibald JM. 2009. The puzzle of plastid evolution. Curr. Biol. 19:R81-R88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.11.067
- Benico G, K Takahashi, WM Lum, AT Yniguez and M Iwataki. 2020. The harmful unarmored dinoflagellate Karlodinium in Japan and Philippines, with reference to ultrastructure and micropredation of Karlodinium azanzae sp. nov.(Kareniaceae, Dinophyceae). J. Phycol. 56:1264-1282. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.13030
- Boutrup PV, O Moestrup, U Tillmann and N Daugbjerg. 2017. Ultrastructure and phylogeny of Kirithra asteri gen. et sp. nov. (Ceratoperidiniaceae, Dinophyceae) - a free-living, thin-walled marine photosynthetic dinoflagellate from Argentina. Protist 168:586-611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2017.08.001
- Choi H and S Kim. 2021. Heterocapsa busanensis sp. nov. (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae): A new marine thecate dinoflagellate from Korean coastal waters. Eur. J. Protistol. 79:125797.
- Daugbjerg N, G Hansen, J Larsen and O Moestrup. 2000. Phylogeny of some of the major genera of dinoflagellates based on ultrastructure and partial LSU rDNA sequence data, including the erection of three new genera of unarmoured dinoflagellates. Phycologia 39:302-317. https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-39-4-302.1
- de Salas M, A Laza-Martinez and GM Hallegraeff. 2008. Novel unarmored dinoflagellates from the toxigenic family Kareniaceae (Gymnodiniales): five new species of Karlodinium and one new Takayama from the Australian sector of the Southern Ocean. J. Phycol. 44:241-257. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00458.x
- Elbrachter M and E Schnepf. 1996. Gymnodinium chlorophorum, a new, green, bloom-forming dinoflagellate (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) with a vestigial prasinophyte endosymbiont. Phycologia 35:381-393. https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-35-5-381.1
- Fensome RA, FJR Taylor, G Norris, WAS Sarjeant, DI Wharton and GL Williams. 1993. A classification of living and fossil dinoflagellates (Special publication number 7). Micropaleontology 7:1-351.
- Flo Jorgensen M, S Murray and N Daugbjerg. 2004. A new genus of athecate interstitial dinoflagellates, Togula gen. nov., previously encompassed within Amphidinium sensu lato: Inferred from light and electron microscopy and phylogenetic analyses of partial large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences. Phycol. Res. 52:284-299. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1835.2004.tb00338.x
- Garate-Lizarraga I, MS Muneton-Gomez, B Perez-Cruz and JA Diaz-Ortiz. 2014. Bloom of Gonyaulax spinifera(Dinophyceae: Gonyaulacales) in Ensenada de La Paz Lagoon, Gulf of California. CICIMAR Oceanides 29:11-18.
- Gomez F. 2012. A checklist and classification of living dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata, Alveolata). CICIMAR Oceanides 27:65-140. https://doi.org/10.37543/oceanides.v27i1.111
- Guillard RR and JH Ryther. 1962. Studies of marine planktonic diatoms. I. Cyclotella nana Hustedt, and Detonula confervacea (Cleve) Gran. Can. J. Microbiol. 8:229-239. https://doi.org/10.1139/m62-029
- Hehenberger E, RB Gast and PJ Keeling. 2019. A kleptoplastidic dinoflagellate and the tipping point between transient and fully integrated plastid endosymbiosis. Mol. Biol. Evol. 17:718-729.
- Kim S and MG Park. 2014. Amoebophrya spp. from the bloom forming dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides: parasites not nested in the "Amoebophrya ceratii complex". J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 61: 173-181. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12097
- Katoh K and DM Standley. 2013. MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Mol. Biol. Evol. 30:772-780. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst010
- Katoh K, J Rozewicki and KD Yamada. 2019. MAFFT online service: multiple sequence alignment, interactive sequence choice and visualization. Brief. Bioinform. 20:1160-1166. https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbx108
- Lindberg K, O Moestrup and N Daugbjerg. 2005. Studies on woloszynskioid dinoflagellates I: Woloszynskia coronata re-examined using light and electron microscopy and partial LSU rDNA sequences, with description of Tovellia gen. nov. and Jadwigia gen. nov. (Tovelliaceae fam. nov.). Phycologia 44:416-440. https://doi.org/10.2216/0031-8884(2005)44[416:SOWDIW]2.0.CO;2
- Luo Z, Z Hu, YZ Tang, KN Mertens, CP Leaw, PT Lim, ST Teng, L Wang and H Gu. 2018. Morphology, ultrastructure and molecular phylogeny of Wangodinium sinense gen. et sp. nov. (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) and revisiting of Gymnodinium dorsalisulcum and Gymnodinium impudicum. J. Phycol. 54:744-761. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12780
- McCarthy PM. 2013. Census of Australian Marine Dinoflagellates. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. https://www.anbg.gov.au/abrs/Dinoflagellates/index_Dino.html [version 11 July 2013]. Australian Biological Resources Study. Canberra.
- Moestrup O and N Daugbjerg. 2007. On dinoflagellate phylogeny and classification. pp. 215-230. In: Unravelling the Algae: The Past, Present, and Future of Algae Systematics (Brodie J and J Lewis, eds.). Systematics Association Special Volumes. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL.
- Moestrup O, K Lindberg and N Daugbjerg. 2009. Studies on woloszynskioid dinoflagellates IV: the genus Biecheleria gen. nov. Phycol. Res. 57:203-220. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1835.2009.00540.x
- Nunn GB, BF Theisen, B Christensen and P Arctander. 1996. Simplicity-correlated size growth of the nuclear 28S ribosomal RNA D3 expansion segment in the crustacean order Isopoda. J. Mol. Evol. 42:211-223. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02198847
- Rhodes LL, KF Smith, L MacKenzie and C Moisan. 2019. Checklist of the planktonic marine dinoflagellates of New Zealand. N. Z. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 53:1-16. https://doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2019.1531462
- Rene A, J Camp and E Garces. 2015. Diversity and phylogeny of Gymnodiniales (Dinophyceae) from the NW Mediterranean Sea revealed by a morphological and molecular approach. Protist 166:234-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2015.03.001
- Scholz B and G Liebezeit. 2012. Microphytobenthic dynamics in a Wadden sea intertidal flat - Part II: Seasonal and spatial variability of non-diatom community components in relation to abiotic parameters. Eur. J. Phycol. 47:120-137. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2012.665251
- Smayda TJ. 1997. Harmful algal blooms: their ecophysiology and general relevance to phytoplankton blooms in the sea. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42:1137-1153. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1997.42.5_part_2.1137
- Stamatakis A. 2014. RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics 30:1312-1313. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033
- Takahashi K, C Sarai and M Iwataki. 2014. Morphology of two marine woloszynskioid dinoflagellates, Biecheleria brevisulcata sp. nov. and Biecheleriopsis adriatica (Suessiaceae, Dinophyceae), from Japanese coasts. Phycologia 53:52-65. https://doi.org/10.2216/13-192.1
- Tengs T, OJ Dahlberg, K Shalchian-Tabrizi, D Klaveness, K Rudi, CF Delwiche and KS Jakobsen. 2000. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that the 19'Hexanoyloxy-fucoxanthincontaining dinoflagellates have tertiary plastids of haptophyte origin. Mol. Biol. Evol. 17:718-729. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026350
- Veen A, CHJ Hof, FAC Kouwets and T Berkhout. 2015. Rijkswaterstaat Waterdienst, Informatiehuis Water [Taxa Watermanagement the Netherlands (TWN)] https://ipt.nlbif.nl/ipt/resource?r=checklist-twn. Consulted March 2017. pp. on line. In the Netherlands, Laboratory for Hydrobiological Analysis, Rijkswaterstaat.