• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.271-282
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• 2003

Automotive occupant packaging has been a part of main ergonomics interests, especially, in terms of driver's posture. Previous research on driver's posture has mainly focused on the initial optimal posture for driving sedans. However, customer preferences on cars are shifting from sedans to RV and automobile manufacturing companies seek to understand temporal changes in drivers' posture according to driving environment. So the main aim of this study was to develop a driver's posture measurement system during driving and investigate casual changes due to duration, car type, traffic flow. Four male drivers participated in the experiments during one week. It was shown that considerable changes in their postures were caused with respect to driving environment, which implies that not only static optimal postures but their dynamic changes should be taken into consideration for proper design and evaluation of interior packaging. The research is expected to help packaging designers understand human drivers so as to improve their comfort.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.85-103
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• 1999

The objectives of the study were to review the agricultural environment education program for nasal change agents, to find out their recognition on agricultural environment and to get sorn implications for better educational program of rural environment. The data were gathered from 177 rural change agents in 11 agricultural technology centers in Kyongi-Do province by mailing survey with questionnaire. The major findings of the study were ; (1) Agricultural environment education for rural extention workers initiated in 1996. From 1999 diversified programs were served for them. (2) Rural change agents perceived that water contamination and degradation of life environment were the most serious problem. (3) Educational program on organic farming should be prepared for farmers and rural changes agents. (4) Concrete educational programs for adequate use of agricultural chemicals should be prepared for farmers. (5) Educational program on agricultural environment policies should be reorganized in terms of the level of target group. (6) RDA should prepare synthetical education program for the conservation of rural eco-system.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제3권
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• pp.57-81
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• 1997

Recently foodservice industry marketing environment changes rapidly and the qualitic change of demand is accelerated from high growth phase to low growth on industrial environment. To actively competely with the foreign brands that runs with the developed management skills and enough fund, the domestic should classify the customers first and develop the menu. To introduce the modern management technique to pursue the management utility by establishing the market segmentation forcusing the target market and discriminating strategy of menu and service. The method of this study is focused on the changes of foodservice industrial environment and alternatives.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 2004년도 추계 총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.280-283
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• 2004

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.822-833
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• 2010

Temperature increase due to climate changes causes change of water temperature in rivers which results in change of water quality etc. and the change of river ecosystem has a great impact on human life. Analyzing the impact of current climate changes on air and water temperature is an important thing in adapting to the climate changes. This study examined the effect of climate changes through analyzing air temperature trend for Nakdong river basin and analyzed the elasticity of air-water temperature to understand the effect of climate changes on water temperature. For analysis air temperature trend, collecting air temperature data from the National Weather Service on main points in Nakdong river basin, and resampling them at the units of year, season and month, used as data for air temperature trend analysis. Analyzing for elasticity of air-water temperature, the data were collected by the Water Environment Information system for water temperature, while air temperature data were collected at the National Weather Service point nearest in the water temperature point. And using the results of trend analysis and elasticity analysis, the effect of climate changes on water temperature was examined estimating future water temperature in 20 years and 50 years after. It is judged that analysis on mutual impact between factors such as heat budget, precipitation and evapotranspiration on river water temperature affected by climate changes and river water temperature is necessary.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.51-66
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to analyze the geomorphological environment changes of tidal flat in the Cheonsu Bay. Especially, it centers on the changes in the sedimentary environment using remote sensing data. Multi-temporal Landsat data and topographic maps were used in this study. The results are summarized as follows: the tidal flat of Cheonsu Bay changes in many ways depending on the direction of the tidal current. In the neighborhood of Ganwoldo, the scale of the tidal flat has continuously been expanded due to the superiority of sedimentation after a tide embankment was built. When we analyzed the grain size of sediments and implemented in-situ field survey, it was found that the innermost part of the bay consists of a mud flat, with the midway part mixed flat, and the nearest part to the sea sand flat. On the other hand, in the neighborhood of Seomot isle and its beach, sedimentation is superior in the eastern part whereas erosion is superior in the western part. In other words, the western coast of the beach is contacted with the open seas and under much influence of ocean wave. The eastern coast is placed at the entrance of the bay and has sand bar and tidal flat developed due to submarine deposits that are accumulated on the sea floor by the tidal current. In conclusions, remote sensing methods can be effectively applied for quantitative analysis of geomorphological changes in tidal flat, and it is expected that the proposed schemes can be applied to another geomorphological environments such as beach, sand dune, and sand wave.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.262-277
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• 2024

The mid-eastern coast of Korea is located at the boundary between cold and warm currents, which causes changes in the distribution and composition of marine organisms in response to fluctuations in the marine environment. To understand the seasonal changes in the seaweed community, we investigated its species composition, biomass, coverage, and frequency from November 2022 to August 2023. A total of 45 species (7 green, 18 brown, and 20 red algae) were found in the study area. In the intertidal zone, the number of species decreased from autumn to summer; the biomass peaked during winter (471.94 g wet weight m^-2). Seaweed groups were the dominant functional groups, which were coarsely branched, filamentous, and sheet-like during autumn, winter, spring, and summer. The morpho-functional group was dominated by turf species. In the subtidal zone, the number of species increased during autumn to spring, whereas the biomass peaked during spring (655.27 g wet weight m^-2). The functional group was dominated by coarsely branched species throughout all four seasons, whereas the morpho-functional group was dominated by canopy species. Consequently, changes in the biomass of brown and red algae are recognized as key drivers of seasonal changes in seaweed communities.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.708-725
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• 2018

The advancement of digital technology has made changes in the fashion system and trend development process inevitable. This article clarifies changes in the modern fashion industry system and the causes of comprehensive changes that result from the development of digital technology. The methodology of this study is based on literature and case studies based on the information magazine most used by fashion industry workers. This study classifies fashion systems into 5 types and 14 types in detail. The study results indicate the way to change the fashion style trend schedule per year, fast/ultrafast fashion system, fashion rental system, DTC system and change of fashion system by consumer participation. The causes of the changes in fashion system are indicated that an increase of trend sensitivity due to an increase in the diffusion rate of information, expansion of expression of personality through digital network, increase of possibility of grouping of small number of tastes and change of prosumer possible changes in the environment. This study provides basic data on fashion system research and the construction of an appropriate response strategy for a changing environment.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.1008-1015
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• 2010

Discharged pollution load is varied as rainfall changes in the area with combined sewer system. Changes in discharged pollution load are directly related with those of sewer transfer flow. Therefore, it is important to identify the pattern of sewer transfer flow for the analysis of changes in discharged pollution load. This study reviewed the type of distribution of sewer transfer flow for 17 sewage treatment plants and developed simple formular to estimate sewer transfer flow as rainfall changes. 11 facilities showed to have some relation with rainfall in the change of sewer transfer flow but 6 facilities to have no relation. Relationships between rainfall amount and sewer transfer flow showed that 6 facilities out of 11 had relatively strong relationships above R2=0.5, which were considered to be affected directly by rainfall changes. The formular which explain the relationship between rainfall and sewer transfer flow can be applied in the analysis of rainfall effects on discharged pollution load, therefore, the more appropriate evaluation will be done.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2016년도 학술발표회
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• pp.49-49
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• 2016

The impact of land cover changes on streamflow of the Akaki catchment will be assessed using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The study will analyze the historical land cover changes (1993 to 2016) that have taken place in the catchment and its effect on the streamflow of the study area. Arc GIS will be used to analysis the satellite images obtained from the United States Geological Survey (USGS). To investigate the impact of land cover change on streamflow the model set up will be done using readily available spatial and temporal data, and calibrated against measured discharge. Two third of the data will be used for model calibration (1993?2000) and the remaining one-third for model validation (2001?2004). Model performance will be evaluated by using Nash and Sutcliff efficiency (NS) and coefficient of determination (R2). The calibrated model will be used to assess two land cover change (2002 and 2016) scenarios and its likely impacts of land use changes on the runoff will be quantified. The evaluation of the model response to these changes on streamflow will be presented properly. The study will contribute a lot to understand land use and land cover change on streamflow. This enhances the ability of stakeholder to implement sound policies to minimize undesirable future impacts and management alternatives which have a significant role in future flood control of the study area.