• Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.147-149
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• 2004

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.671-677
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• 1996

Erythrocytes from three different animal species were used to determine mannose-sensitive hemagglutination (MSHA) and mannose-resistant hemagglutination (MRHA) of 755 isolates obtained from rectal swabs of healthy pig. In addition, colony hybridization using digoxigenin-dUTP labeled polynucleotide probes was performed for the detection of heat-stable and heat-labile enterotoxin genes carried by MRHA positive isolates. Of 755 strains, 9, 4 and 28 strains gave a positive MRHA with bovine, equine and pig erythrocytes, respectively. Of these isolates, 28 (3.7%) were characterized for positive MRHA by at least one blood. Seven isolates gave a positive MRHA with two kinds of blood. Three gave a positive MRHA with three kinds of blood. Twenty-eight strains, while positive in MRHA, yielded negative signals in the colony hybridization assay for the detection of heat-stable (STaI and STaII) and heat-labile (LT) enterotoxin genes in E. coli.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2000

Detection for heat-labile enterotoxin(LT) of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC, EC81, O148:H28) and enterotoxin of enterotoxigentic Clostridium perfringents type A(CP, NCTC8238, Hobbs serotype 2) by use of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay were positive reaction, which using LT gene-specific primers of ETEC with a detection limit equivalent from 100ng/${\mu}\ell$ to 1 pg of a DNA fragment of 417-bp in EC81 and enterotoxin gene-specific primers of CP with a detection limit equivalent from 100ng/${\mu}\ell$ to 10pg of a DNA fragment of 364-bp in NCTC8238. Detection for a LT gene of ETEC highly appeared 10-fold sensitivity than an enterotoxin gene of CP.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.417-422
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• 1986

The specimens were collected from 89 diarrheal patients who had visited Pusan National University Hospital from June to September 1985. They were cultured and tested for the bacteriological identification of causative agents. In this study we identified 5 strains of Salmonella species, 5 strains of Shigella species, 2 strains of Y. enterocolitica, and 17 strains of enteric pathogenic E. coli. Enteric pathogenic E. coli were classified into enterotoxigenic E. coli, enteropathogenic E. coli, and enteroinvasive E. coli by serological type. We tried to isolate V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus too but we cannot find them out.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2001

독소원성 대장균(enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, ETEC, EC81, serotype O148:H28)이 생산하는 heat labile enterotoxin(LT)를 검색해 본 결과, reversed passive latex agglutination(RPLA)법에 있어서는 2배로 희석한 용액 (50 ng)으로부터 64로 희석한 용액 (1.56 ng)에서까지 양성반응을 보였으며 polymerase chain reaction (PCR)기법에 있어서는 10 ng으로부터 1 pg희석용액에서까지 147-base pair(bp)의 LT DNA fragment가 확인되었다. Clostridium perfringens A형 (NCTC8238, Hobbs serotype 2)이 생산한는 장독소를 검색해 본 결과, RPLA법에 있어서는 2배로 희석한 용액 (50 ng)으로부터 64로 희석한 용액 (1.56 ng)에서 까지 양성반응을 보여 독소원성대장균이 생산하는 LT와 일치하였으나, PCR기법에 있어서는 10ng로부터 10 pg 희석용액에서 까지 354-bp의 DNA fragment가 확인되어 독소원성대장균이 생산하는 LT보다 1/10의 낮은 감도를 보였다. PCR기법은 RPLA법에 비하여 훨씬 신속하고 소량의 sample로 장독소를 확인할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.169-169
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• 2003

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1342-1346
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• 2006

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli is a major cause of diarrhea in neonatal and post-weaning piglets. To determine the most common fimbrial antigens of ETEC in piglets with diarrhea, two investigations were carried out on intensive pig farms in Hubei province, central China. In 2002-2003, 227 fecal samples from neonatal and post-weaning piglets with diarrhea were tested for the presence of the fimbrial antigen K88 and K99 of ETEC by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Twenty-three (10.1%) of 227 fecal samples were found to contain fimbrial antigen K88, which was identified as K88ac variant; and 13 (5.7%) samples containing K99. In 2004, another 179 fecal samples from diarrheic piglets, 1 day to 6 weeks of age, were tested for prevalence of fimbrial antigen K88, K99 and 987P. Forty-seven (26.3%) of the 179 samples carried at least one of the ETEC fimbrial antigens. K88 antigen was detected in 20.1%. In the 36 samples known to carry fimbrial antigen K88, 32 (88.9%) contained K88ad; and 4 (11.1%) contained K88ac; none of them carried K88ab. Fimbrial antigens K99 and 987P were detected in 1.1% and 6.1%, respectively. Our data indicate that K88 is the most common fimbrial antigen of ETEC associated with diarrhea in piglets in Central China.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.788-793
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• 2016

Post-weaning diarrhea (PWD), mostly caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), remains to be a major source of economic loss in swine industry. The use of the ETEC-oral challenge model is often applied to mimic unsanitary commercial swine farm conditions where pathogens and unknown complex microbes exist and can cause severe infections in pigs. The purpose of this study was (1) to estimate ETEC density using spectrophotometric computation, (2) to determine survivability of ETEC after storing at $-20^{\circ}C$ for 7 days, and (3) to evaluate survivability of ETEC after blending with diluted sweeteners (0, 5, 10, 20, and 40% sucrose in phosphate buffered saline [PBS]). Cell density was quantified using UV-VIS spectrophotometer and counting ETEC colony forming units (cfu) at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, and 240 min. The established linear equation ($y=0.0031x^2-0.0079x+0.0043$ and $y=0.0046x^2-0.0151x+0.0113$) was used for robust quantification of each ETEC cell density. ETEC stored at $-20^{\circ}C$ showed 108 cfu/mL after thawing and incubation. When ETEC was blended with sweeteners (20 and 40%), survival of ETEC was decreased by 58 and 54% in 5 min post blending. However, addition of 20% of sweetener resulted in a higher survivability than those with other media concentrations. Therefore, the use of ETEC-oral challenge model would be possible as a stable method if we could confirm the appropriate medium that increases survivability of ETEC in weaner pigs.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.4.1-4.5
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• 2015

The study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of a lipid-encapsulated Zinc oxide on growth parameters and intestinal mucosal morphology piglets born to Duroc-sired Landrace ${\times}$ Yorkshire dams. Twenty-four 30-day-old piglets weaned at 25 days of age were orally challenged with $5{\times}10^8$ colony forming units of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88 and fed one of the four diets for 7 days: (i) a nursery basal diet containing 100-ppm ZnO (referred to as BASAL), (ii) BASAL supplemented with 120-ppm apramycin (referred to as ANTIBIO), (iii) BASAL with 2,400-ppm ZnO (referred to as HIGH), and BASAL containing 100-ppm lipid-encapsulated ZnO (referred to as LE). All piglets were killed at the end of the experiment for histological examination on the intestine. The results showed that the average daily gain (ADG), the villus height: crypt depth (CD) ratio in the ileum, and the goblet cell density of the villus and crypt in the duodenum, jejunum, and colon were greater in the LE-fed group that those of the BASAL (p < 0.05). Fecal consistency score (FCS) and the CD ratio in the ileum were less in the LE-fed group, compared to the BASAL-fed one (p < 0.05). The effects observed in the LE-fed group were almost equal to those of the HIGH-fed group as well as even superior to those of the ANTIBIO-fed group. Taken together, our results imply that dietary supplementation of 100-ppm lipid-encapsulated ZnO is as effective as that of 2,400-ppm ZnO for promoting growth diarrhea and intestinal morphology caused by ETEC infection.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.235-244
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• 2017

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains producing each F4, F5, F6 and F41 fimbriae were lysed by GI24 peptide. The lysate cells were used as ETEC vaccine candidate. This study was carried out to examine whether intramuscular (im) immunization of pregnant sows with the novel vaccine candidate could effectively protect their neonatal piglets against ETEC colibacillosis. All pregnant sows were primed at 11 weeks and were boosted at 14 weeks of pregnancy. Group A sows were im inoculated with PBS. Group B sows were im immunized with $2{\times}10^9$ the mixture. Seral IgG, colostral IgA and IgG titers from group B sows, and seral IgG and IgA levels in group B piglets were significantly higher than those of group A sows and piglets, respectively. After challenge with wild-type ETEC, diarrhea and mortality was not observed in group B piglets. However, diarrhea was observed in 66.7% of group A piglets, and 33.3% mortality was observed. These findings indicate that im immunization of sows with the mixture of the novel vaccine candidate can effectively protect their offspring from ETEC colibacillosis.