• 대한한의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.241-252
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• 1994

It is known that the pattern of combustion temperature can be classified into preheating, heating. retaining and cooling periods. In this experiment. the authors have studied the heating mechanism by the density of moxa material during the heating and retaining periods. The starting point. the point at which it begins to reach the maximum gradient temperature. the ending point of the heating period. and the ending point of the retaining period were measured in order to get effective stmulation by repetition of moxa-combustion. For the experiment. samples of 300mg. 400mg, and 500mg of moxa material were molded into conical molds with each 10mm in diameter and height resulting in the volume of $0.26cm^3$. The following results were obtained: The $300mg/0.26cm^3$ denstiy sample reached al1 points tested faster than the samples of $400mg/0.26cm^3$ and $500mg/0.26cm^3$ It dose not reveal any statistical differences between $400mg/0.26cm^3$ and $500mg/0.26cm^3$ in the ending point. the point at which it begins to reach the maximum gradient temperature of the heating period or the ending point of the reataining period The only difference shown was in the starting point of the heating period. According to the above results. it is concluded that the lower density moxa material reached each point of the the respective period faster than the high density moxa material.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.325-344
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• 2014

Technical support of Window XP ended in March, 8, 2014, and it makes OS(Operating System) users fall in a state of confusion. Sudden decision making of OS upgrade and replacement is not a simple problem. Firms need to change the long term capacity plan in enterprise IS management, but they are pressed for time and cost to complete it. Individuals can not help selecting the second best plan, because the following OSs of Window XP are below expectations in performances, new PC sales as the opportunities of OS upgrade decrease, and the potential risk of OS technical support ending had not announced to OS users at the point of purchase. Microsoft as the OS vendors had not presented precaution or remedy for this confusion. Rather, Microsoft announced that the technical support of the other following OSs of Wndow XP such as Window 7 would ended in two years. This conflict between OS vendor and OS users could not happen in one time, but could recur in recent future. Although studies on the ways of OS user protection policy would be needed to escape from this conflict, few prior studies had conducted this issue. This study had challenge to cautiously investigate in such OS user's reactions as the confirmation with OS user's expectation in the point of purchase, three types of justice perception on the treatment of OS vendor, psychological contract violation, satisfaction and the other betrayal behavioral intention in the case of Window XP technical support ending. By adopting the justice perception on this research, and by empirically validating the impact on OS user's reactions, I could suggest the direction of establishing OS user protection policy of OS vendor. Based on the expectation-confirmation theory, the theory of justice, literatures about psychological contract violation, and studies about consumer betrayal behaviors in the perspective of Herzberg(1968)'s dual factor theory, I developed the research model and hypothesis. Expectation-confirmation theory explain that consumers had expectation on the performance of product in the point of sale, and they could satisfied with their purchase behaviors, when the expectation could have confirmed in the point of consumption. The theory of justice in social exchange argues that treatee could be willing to accept the treatment by treater when the three types of justice as distributive, procedural, and interactional justice could be established in treatment. Literatures about psychological contract violation in human behaviors explains that contracter in a side could have the implied contract (also called 'psychological contract') which the contracter in the other side would sincerely execute the contract, and that they are willing to do vengeance behaviors when their contract had unfairly been broken. When the psychological contract of consumers had been broken, consumers feel distrust with the vendors and are willing to decrease such beneficial attitude and behavior as satisfaction, loyalty and repurchase intention. At the same time, consumers feel betrayal and are willing to increase such retributive attitude and behavior as negative word-of-mouth, complain to the vendors, complain to the third parties for consumer protection. We conducted a scenario survey in order to validate our research model at March, 2013, when is the point of news released firstly and when is the point of one year before the acture Window XP technical support ending. We collected the valid data from 238 voluntary participants who are the OS users but had not yet exposed the news of Window OSs technical support ending schedule. The subject had been allocated into two groups and one of two groups had been exposed this news. The data had been analyzed by the MANOVA and PLS. MANOVA results indicate that the OSs technical support ending could significantly decrease all three types of justice perception. PLS results indicated that it could significantly increase psychological contract violation and that this increased psychological contract violation could significantly reduce the trust and increase the perceived betrayal. Then, it could significantly reduce satisfaction, loyalty, and repurchase intention, and it also could significantly increase negative word-of-month intention, complain to the vendor intention, and complain to the third party intention. All hypothesis had been significantly approved. Consequently, OS users feel that the OSs technical support ending is not natural value added service ending, but the violation of the core OS purchase contract, that it could be the posteriori prohibition of OS user's OS usage right, and that it could induce the psychological contract violation of OS users. This study would contributions to introduce the psychological contract violation of the OS users from the OSs technical support ending in IS field, to introduce three types of justice as the antecedents of psychological contract violation, and to empirically validate the impact of psychological contract violation both on the beneficial and retributive behavioral intentions of OS users. For practice, the results of this study could contribute to make more comprehensive OS user protection policy and consumer relationship management practices of OS vendor.

• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국음향학회 1985년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.75-78
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• 1985

본 연구는 시간 영역의 parament를 이용하여 한국어 숫자음(영, 일, 이, 삼, 사, 오, 육, 칠, 팔, 구)을 인식했다. 입력 음성 신호 X(n)의 Beginning Point와 Ending point를 ZCR(Zero-crossing Rate), Magnitude, Energy, Autocorrelation을 이용 Beginning point와 Ending point를 구하고 자음부의 인식은 위 계수들을 이용하여 행했다. 또, 유성음 부분에서는 PARCOR(Partial Autocorrelation), LPC(Linear Predictive Coding)를 이용 모음부와 유성자음을 인식하여 모음을 6개 부류(ㅏ, ㅑ, ㅗ, ㅜ, ㅠ, ㅣ)로 구분 인식했다. 이 방법에 의하면 입력 음성 신호 X(n)의 B.P(Beginning Point)와 E.P(Ending Point)를 쉽게 추출 가능하며 또한 각 Parameter를 이용하여 94.4%의 인식율을 얻었다.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.11-12
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• 2012

The naphthalic amide derivatives were synthesized by simple condensation and were crystallized by acetonitrile solution. The SEM images of products with methyl group and nitro group, respectively, showed rod shape while the SEM images of products with other groups ($N(CH_3)_2$, $OCH_3$, H, F, and Cl), respectively, showed plate shape. We were known from these results that the substituent of ending group played an important role in the crystallization of single molecule and the morphology of naphthalic derivatives could be controlled by only change of ending group in single molecule.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제33B권10호
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• pp.98-106
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• 1996

This paper proposes an algorithm for analyzing illocutionary force type (IfT)s in a dialogue, based on the context and modal information in the ending of a word. In korean, the variation of an illocutionary force type that represents a speaker's intention frequently occurs at the ending of a word, according to the type of modal information. And in an analysis of speech acts, the modal information illocutionary force types. In this paper, we analyze real dialogue dta, classify the types of illocutionary forces, perform the manual tagging of IFTs and show the freqency of each IFT's occurence. And we also propose an algorithm to extract IFTs, based on the relationship between the analyzed IFTs and the endings of a word. And we use this proposed algorithm to make an experiment on dialogue data and show its efficiency.

• 동양고전연구
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• 제70호
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• pp.467-493
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• 2018

이 연구는 '우렁각시 설화'에 나타나는 '결연형'의 증가 양상과 세속화 양상을 분석하였다. "한국구비문학대계"(1979-1985)와 그 후속 작업인 '한국구비문학대계 개정 증보 사업'(2008-2018)에서 채록된 '우렁각시 설화' 71편의 유형을 분석하고, 결연형을 중심으로 세속화 양상을 관찰하였다. '우렁각시 설화'에 관한 자료를, "대계"를 기준으로 1910-70년대 자료와 1980년대 이후의 자료로 나누었다. 80년대 이후 "대계"와 '개정 증보 사업'의 자료에서는 결연형(단순형, 복합형)이 증가하는 추세를 보이고 있다. 결연형은 "대계"와 '개정 증보 사업'에서 채록한 '우렁각시 설화'의 60%를 차지하고 있으며, 이별형(34%)의 2배에 가까운 수치를 보여준다. 우렁각시 설화의 결연형에서는 '금기 화소'가 사라지고, 금기 화소가 제시되더라도 금기 파기형보다는 금기 순응형이 더 많이 나타났다. 이는 파기됨으로써 신성혼의 의미를 강조하는 '금기'의 기능이 약해졌음을 의미하는 것이다. 오히려 '금기'에 순응함으로써 남녀 결연을 이루고자 하는 인식이 나타난다. 우렁각시의 탈신성화에 따라 우렁각시와 총각의 결연은 평범한 남녀의 결연으로 인식되는 경향이 있다. 금기 화소가 제시되지 않는 결연형의 증가와 남녀 결연을 중심으로 서사가 전개되는 '지하국 대적 퇴치형'의 등장 양상은 우렁각시 설화의 세속화 양상과 연계되는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 현실 중심의 세계관이 반영됨에 따라 신성시 되는 존재에 대한 관심과 인식이 사라지고, 현실 세계에서의 남녀의 결연을 통해 행복한 결말을 추구하는 의식이 엿보인다. 이 논문은 2010년대 '개정 증보 사업'에서 채록된 '우렁각시 설화' 37편을 연구대상에 포함시켰다는 의의가 있다. '개정 증보 사업'에서는 남녀 결연담으로서 성격이 짙은 '지하국 대적 퇴치형'도 새로이 관찰된다.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2002년도 11월 학술대회지
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• pp.101-104
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate which model among Fullist, Decomposition, and Hybrid was appropriate for explaining the process of Korean verb, especially on tense prefinal ending, connective ending, and morphological passive affix. Three experiment was performed. The results of experiment 1, 2, 3 suggest that it is necessary for a new model of Korean verb processing.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제29권
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• pp.85-111
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• 2012

Zhong-lie-xiao-wu-yi(忠烈小五義), whose author was Shiyukun(石玉昆), is a Xia-Yi-Gong-An(俠義公案) novel in the late Qing Dynasty. This work published in 1890 when Emperor Guangxu(光緖) governed China. This work's author is Shiyukun, distribution books has an amender. The amender will be a shuoshuyiren (說書藝人). Zhong-lie-xiao-wu-yi is Zhong-lie-xia-yi-zhuan(忠烈俠義傳)'s a sequel, the story leads from Zhong-lie-xia-yi-zhuan. It is just the beginning of Zhong-lie-xiao-wu-yi is redundant. Zhong-lie-xiao-wu-yi was introduced to the late Chosun(朝鮮) Dynasty. This work was translated in Hangeul, Chosun's readers read Zhong-lie-xiao-wu-yi. This work's circulation is not clear, But this work's exciting story is interested in the readers. This work is characterized as follows: First of all, Zhong-lie-xia-yi-zhuan's charaters appear equally, the readers feels familiar. The readers like the familiar characters, because the readers read the book. The familiar characters can have a sense of speed in reading. Second, the story is continuous. Zhong-lie-xiao-wu-yi is narrated by connecting Zhong-lie-xia-yi-zhuan's story. Third, Zhong-lie-xiao-wu-yi was seeking an open ending. Classical novels prefer happy ending, this work is open ending, the expectations for the sequel became more doubled. The fourth, this work took advantage of the colloquial expressions. Zhong-lie-xiao-wu-yi is Huabenti(話本體) novel, took advantage of the spoken language. Suyu(俗語) and xiehouyu(歇後語) was represented in this work. Fifth, this work is formed a universal consensus. Ordinary people must empathize about xia-yi(俠義) and retribution, this work was well represented. Because the readers would have liked to this story.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.1-13
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• 1979

This study aimed at studying the sequence of the Figure Transformation Learning, inquiring relationship among these transformations and then researching whether there is the difference of the learning ability or not between by teaching them as it is independent and by teaching them as it is contains. (Hypothesis 1) It may be more effective to teach The Sequence of Transformation Learning by beginning with peculiar field, ending with general field than vice versa At the result of verification-C $R_{M}$=2.59, 0.005$R_{M}$=5.19, p<0.005-significant difference appeared. It is proved more effective to teach the Figure Transformation Learning the way it contains than the way it is independent. Synthesizing two hypothesises of the above, the conclusion is following The Figure Transformation Learning should be taught by beginning with peculiar field. ending with general field (congruent transformationlongrightarrowsimilar transformationlongrightarrowprojective transformationlongrightarrowtopological transformation). To teach it the way it contains is more effective.ive.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.92-96
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• 1999

Neuroma is formed by abnormal, incomplete nerve regeneration after nerve injury. A painful neuroma in the hand can be psychologically and physically disabling. The goal of treating painful neuroma is to relieve pain and to restore nerve function. A numerous treatment modality was reported for alleviating the problem. These treatments include crushing the neuroma, ligating it, burying in soft tissue, bone, and muscle, injecting it with alcohol, phenol, and steroid, capping it with silicone cuff. But, none of these methods has been uniformly successful, although each has its advocates. No one technique reliably prevents formation of a painful neuroma. However, the principles of treatment is resection of neuroma and proximal stump of the nerve is transposed to appropriate adjacent tissue. Our current technique was resection of neuroma with partial normal neural tissue, and then the nerve ending was transposed and sutured to the side of the proximal stump with 10-0 nylon, so end-to-side neurorrhaphy was made. The nerve ending had to be placed and fixed into the proximal nerve epineurium like as a figure of a loop. We believe this technique is another useful method for the treatment of painful neuroma.