• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2008

The Gold-spotted pond frog, Rana plancyi chosenica, designated as a vulnerable species by IUCN Red list. This species is a typical example facing local population threats and extinction due to human activities in South Korea. A strategic conservation plan for this endangered species is urgently needed. In order to provide information for future conservation planning, accurate information on the genetic diversity and taxonomic status is needed for the establishment of conservation units for this species. In this study, we used a molecular genetic approach using the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and control region sequences to find the genetic diversity of gold-spotted pond frogs within South Korea. We sequenced the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b gene and control region of 77 individuals from 11 populations in South Korea, and one from Chongqing, China. A total of 15 cytochrome b gene haplotypes and 34 control region haplotypes were identified from Korean gold-spotted pond frogs. Mean sequence diversity among Korean gold-spotted pond frogs was 0.31% (0.0-0.8%) and 0.51% (0.0-1.0%), respectively. Most Korean populations had at least one unique haplotype for each locus. The Taean, Ansan and Cheongwon populations had no haplotypes shared with other populations. There was a sequence divergence between Korean and Chinese gold-spotted pond frogs (1.3% for cyt b; 2.9% for control region). Analysis of genetic distances and phylogenetic trees based on both cytochrome b and control region sequences indicate that the Korean gold-spotted pond frog are genetically differentiated from those in China.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2022

Ecological research relies on the interpretation of large amounts of visual data obtained from extensive wildlife surveys, but such large-scale image interpretation is costly and time-consuming. Using an artificial intelligence (AI) machine learning model, especially convolution neural networks (CNN), it is possible to streamline these manual tasks on image information and to protect wildlife and record and predict behavior. Ecological research using deep-learning-based object recognition technology includes various research purposes such as identifying, detecting, and identifying species of wild animals, and identification of the location of poachers in real-time. These advances in the application of AI technology can enable efficient management of endangered wildlife, animal detection in various environments, and real-time analysis of image information collected by unmanned aerial vehicles. Furthermore, the need for school education and social use on biodiversity and environmental issues using AI is raised. School education and citizen science related to ecological activities using AI technology can enhance environmental awareness, and strengthen more knowledge and problem-solving skills in science and research processes. Under these prospects, in this paper, we compare the results of our early 2013 study, which automatically identified African cichlid fish species using photographic data of them, with the results of reanalysis by CNN deep learning method. By using PyTorch and PyTorch Lightning frameworks, we achieve an accuracy of 82.54% and an F1-score of 0.77 with minimal programming and data preprocessing effort. This is a significant improvement over the previous our machine learning methods, which required heavy feature engineering costs and had 78% accuracy.

• 생태와환경
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2024

본 연구는 한국의 멸종위기야생생물 II급으로 분류된 기수갈고둥 (Clithon retropictum)과 생태계 내 다른 종들 사이의 공동출현 양상을 분석하고자, 연관 규칙 학습과 군집분석 방법론을 통합적으로 사용했다. 이 연구의 주요 목적은 기수갈고둥과 다른 생물종 사이의 공동출현 패턴을 파악하는 것이다. 대규모 데이터 세트를 통한 연관 규칙 학습으로 종 간의 공동 출현 패턴과 그들사이의 연관성을 탐색하였고, K-mean와 계층적 군집분석을 통해 종들 간의 생태적 유사성과 차이에 기반으로 한 그룹화를 진행하였다. 연구 결과는 기수갈고둥과 다른 종들 사이에 상당한 공동 출현 관계가 있음을 보여주며, 이러한 공동 출현은 특정 환경 조건과 밀접하게 연결되어 있음을 나타냈다. 특히, 기수갈고둥이 출현하는 지점에서는 특정종의 출현 빈도가 높게 나타나는 패턴을 보였고, 이는 기수갈고둥이 생태계 내에서 중요한 생물지표종으로서의 역할을 수행하고 있음을 시사한다. 이러한 접근 방식은 기수갈고둥과 같은 멸종 위기종의 보존과 생태계 관리 전략 수립에 있어 중요한 의미를 지닌다. 생태계 내에서 공동으로 출현하는 종들 간의 복잡한 연관성을 이해함으로써, 보다 효과적인 보존 전략을 개발하고 생태계의 건강과 안정성을 유지하는 데 기여할 수 있다. 본 연구는 생태계 연구에 있어 데이터기반 접근법의 중요성을 강조하며, 생물 다양성 보존을 위한 새로운 방향을 제시한다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2000

Muju Resort Development environmental impact statement(EIS) in Mt. Teogyu National Park are evaluated with the results of post-environmental evaluation. Three EIA items (ecosystem, hydrology, landuse) are investigated. In terms of ecosystem and hydrology, the environment during construction period was compared with post-construction and it was also true of hydrology section. The land use surrounding the resort area have been changed seriously, and the wildlife in large patch are endangered with the fragmentation by road and resort construction. The three items in the Muju Resort EIS was not assessed properly. So, in order to assess properly accurate data, appropriate approach, and periodical post evaluation are required.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.17.1-17.9
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• 2023

To our knowledge, this is the first case of concurrent diaphyseal left coracoid and left femoral fractures in a Eurasian eagle owl and its post-release survival in Korea. The femur was surgically repaired using an external skeletal fixator-intramedullary (IM) pin tie-in method, and the coracoid was repaired solely with an IM pin on day 6 after femur surgery. The eagle owl underwent a gradual rehabilitation process. The bird was successfully rehabilitated and released 101 d after initial presentation. The bird was monitored using a wildlife tracking device and was confirmed to have survived for over 5 mon in the wild.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.361-365
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• 2022

Here, Podospora leporina was isolated and cultured from Cypripedium guttatum Sw. (spotted lady's slipper), which was designated as an endangered wildlife class 1 by the Ministry of Environment. Further, Podospora sp., which is found in Calanthe discolor Lindl. (Japanese hardy orchid) root is recorded as an endophytic fungus in Jeju Island, Korea. However, there is no existing record of Podospora spp. Thus, in this study, we analyzed the morphological characteristics and two molecular markers, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large ribosomal subunit (LSU), of P. leporina and compared these data with other relative species. Consequently, this endophytic fungal species was confirmed as an unrecorded species in Korea, so we presented cultural characteristics and microstructures, such as the conidia of P. leporina.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.68.1-68.6
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• 2023

Leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) is a small wild cat assessed as an endangered wildlife in Korea. There have been very few reports of their diseases. Herein, we describe fibrinous pleuritis caused by Streptococcus canis infection with excessive pleural effusion, hydropericardium, mild ascites, and liver fibrosis in a leopard cat. S. canis is a commensal microflora in domestic cats and often affects the upper respiratory tract inducing chronic and severe respiratory diseases. However, there is no literature regarding the S. canis in leopard cats. Therefore, we first report fibrinous pleuritis associated with an S. canis infection in a leopard cat.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.532-535
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• 2020

A total of 527 species of birds have been recorded in Korea. We summarize the records of three genera and six species that have been newly reported in Korea, discovered through the avian monitoring programs carried out by The National Institute of Biological Resources from 2013 to 2016. These six newly recorded species are; Ring-necked Duck (Aythya collaris), Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis), Bufflehead (Bucephala albeola), Black-winged Kite (Elanus caeruleus), Mongolian Lark (Melanocorypha mongolica) and Crested Myna (Acridotheres cristatellus). One Ring-necked Duck was observed on March 23, 2014 in Jungrangcheon Stream. One male Lesser Scaup was recorded on February 24, 2014 in Gyeongpoho Lagoon. A male bufflehead was first seen in Yeongrangho Lagoon on January 26, 2013. The Black-winged Kite was first observed on January 23, 2013 at the Gangseo Wetland Ecological Park. One Mongolian Lark was also recorded on May 11, 2016 and May 12, 2017 in Marado Island. The Crested Myna was first observed on April 20, 2016 in Seomando, Island.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.119-123
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• 2023

Although various imaging evaluation methods have been developed and utilized, thoracic radiography remains essential and is the top priority for diagnosing and managing cardiac diseases. Thoracic radiographic measurements associated with the vertebral heart scale (VHS) and caudal vena cava (CVC) can objectively diagnose cardiac disease in many animals. In particular, VHS measurement is primarily used to evaluate the dimensions of the heart size on thoracic radiographs and can measure cardiomegaly more objectively. Additionally, the value of the CVC compared with the aorta (Ao) and the length of vertebrae (VL) can be used as valuable parameters in right congestive heart failure. To describe the CVC/Ao and CVC/VL ratios in 10 long-tailed gorals (Naemorhedus caudatus) without subjective radiographic evidence of cardiac diseases. The VHS, CVC, Ao, and VL of gorals were measured in the right lateral (RL) view of the thoracic radiographs. In the RL view of 10 gorals, the VHS was 9.31 ± 0.55 vertebrae (v), the CVC/Ao ratio was 0.84 ± 0.13, and the CVC/VL ratio was 0.67 ± 0.09. Additionally, the thoracic morphology of gorals was determined to be intermediate (thoracic depth-to-width ratio, 1.04 ± 0.09, 0.75-1.25). This study confirmed that VHS was significantly correlated with CVC and Ao, and measuring and comparing each value would help diagnose cardiac diseases in gorals. The radiographic measurements in this study will allow veterinarians to diagnose several cardiac diseases in gorals.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2015

해양 생물에 대한 교란은 해양쓰레기의 악영향 중 하나이다. 이 연구에서는 한국의 서해안에 있는 수하암이라는 섬에서 수행된 조사를 바탕으로 플라스틱 해양쓰레기를 포함하고 있는 저어새 둥지의 비율이 계산되었다. 플라스틱을 포함하고 있는 둥지의 비율은 2010년 71%에서 2011년 37%, 2012년 33%로 줄어들었다. 전체 둥지의 개수는 2010년 28개에서 2011년 38개, 2012년 43개로 늘어났다. 이 번식지에 2011년과 2012년에 나뭇가지와 볏짚 등의 자연물 둥지 재료가 공급되었는데, 이런 보호 활동이 위와 같은 변화의 한 원인으로 보인다. 해양쓰레기의 악영향을 줄이기 위해 추가적인 보호 활동이 필요하다.