• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.224-227
• /
• 1993

We experienced one case of orthotopic cardiac transplantation in a patient with end stage dilated cardiomyopathy. This 50 year-old female recipient was suffered from NYHA functional class IV cardiac failure and dependent upon intravenous inotropic support for 2 months [recipient category 1]. Her preoperative condition was grave with left ventricular ejection fraction of 20% and estimated systolic pulmonary arterial pressure [from Doppler study] was 50mmHg. The brain-dead donor was 31 year-old male with head trauma. The body sizes [weight, height] of the donor/recipient were 70 Kg, 165 cm / 43 Kg, 160 cm and appropriately overmatched. Preoperatively, identical ABO/Rh blood group [A+] and nonreacting HLA crossmatching were confirmed. On November 11 1992 cardiac transplantation was performed without complication. Multiple organ procurement team and heart transplantation team were organized the operation schedule appropriately to minimize the ischemic time. The pump time was 126 minutes and aortic crossclamping time of recipient heart was 73 minutes and, as a result, total ischemic time of the transplanted heart was 75 minutes. Postoperatively, the vital signs were stable with minimal inotropic support. The immunosuppressive therapy was commenced from preoperatively and cyclosporine, azathioprine, and corticosteroid were used as a combination therapy as scheduled and monitored with blood drug concentration, WBC count, renal function and most importantly regular endomyocardial biopsy.Now, 5 months after transplantation, the patient is in NYHA functional class II with minimal cardiac drug support.

• 대한핵의학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.231-236
• /
• 1989

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is a well established method of treating end stage renal failure, and is commonly used as an alternative to hemodialysis. Several complications have been observed. These include catheter malfunction, abdominal and inguinal hernia, and peritonitis. A relatively frequent complication is swelling of external genitalia, due to bowel fluid passing through a patent processus vaginalis. Special diagnostic procedures are necessary to determine the nature of the abnormality and to guide the surgical correction. We reported two cases of patent processus vaginalis in patient on CAPD proved by radionuclide peritoneal scintiscan using Tc-99 m-tin colloid.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제26권10호
• /
• pp.761-768
• /
• 1993

Angioaccess has become increasingly important to vascular surgeons as more patients with end stage renal disease[ESRD] are being supported by hemodialysis. Because of the rapid increase in the number of patients undergoing hemodialysis in recent years, it has become necessary to develope alternative vascular access procedures. During the period from December 1986 to December 1992, 290 cases of arteriovenous fistula and associated operations for hemodialysis were performed at Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University. They Consisited of 175 male and 115 female, ranging in age from 8 and 79 years. The procedure of first choice, the Brescia`s original radial artery-cephalic vein arteriovenous fistula was performed upon 219 patients. In many patients, the radial artery-cephalic vein fistula cannot be performed because of inadequate vein or failure of previous radial artery-cephalic vein fistula. The waiting time until initiation of venous puncture for the first hemodialysis session was 3 days. The second choice of angioaccess, using the brachiocephalic arteriovenous fistula and brachiobasilic arteriovenous fistula at antecubital fossa, ulnobasilic arteriovenous fistula, femorosaphenous arteriovenous fistula, and radiobasilic arteriovenous fistula with saphenous in situ routes, was obtained in 17, 7, 4, 2 and 1 patients. Interposition grafts, the third choice of angioaccess, were performed upon 2 patients. Twenty seven patients underwent revisions or thrombectomies. The purpose of this report is to review the technique of this procedure and discuss the longterm results.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제39권11호
• /
• pp.861-863
• /
• 2006

우리는 만성 신부전 환자에서 혈액투석을 위한 상완동맥-두정맥단락술(brachiocephalic arteriovenous shunt)을 시행한 후 최근 빠르게 성장하는 아주 거대한 정맥의 동맥류 1예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 환자는 48세 남자로 7년 전 본원에서 동정맥단락술을 시행한 후 혈액투석을 해왔으나 좌측 상완의 정맥을 따라 점점 성장하는 정맥의 동맥류와 박동성 통증으로 혈액투석을 지속할 수 없었다. 내원 1개월 전 혈액투석을 지속하기 위해 타 의료기관에서 우측 손목관절부에 새로운 동정맥루를 조성하여 혈액 투석을 하고 있었다. 동정맥류가 너무 거대하여 동정맥단락 재건술은 시도하지 않았으며 수술은 전신마취하에서 동정맥루를 결찰하고 확장된 정맥의 동맥류를 모두 제거하였다. 환자의 술 후 경과는 양호하였다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.10-21
• /
• 2010

헤노흐-쇤라인 자반증의 전반적인 예후는 양호하나 심한 신염의 경우 말기신부전으로 진행될 위험이 높다. 최근 연구는 심한 헤노흐-쇤라인 자반증 신염을 가진 소아에서 조기 치료의 중요성을 강조하고 있으나 심한 자반증 신염의 치료는 맹검 대조 연구가 드물어 여전히 논쟁의 여지가 있다. 그럼에도, 정맥 고용량 메틸프레드니솔론 충격요법, 면역억제/세포독성 약제, 섬유소용해 치료, 항응고제, 항혈소판제, 혈장교환술같은 여러 강력한 치료가 심한 자반증 신염을 가진 소아에서 사용되어 왔다. 이 종설에서는 심한 자반증 신염을 가진 소아의 치료를 중점적으로 기술하였다.

• 한국임상약학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.92-98
• /
• 2017

Background: Nebulized colistimethate is increasingly used, because there are problems such as renal dysfunction and low distribution within the lungs when colistimethate is administered intravenously. This study was designed to compare and analyze the changes in renal function by of nebulized colistimethate treatment for its safe administration. Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of adult patients above 19 years old, receiving only the nebulized colistimethate at least 4 days in Yonsei university health system from Nov 2014 to Aug 2015. Acute kidney injury (AKI) was determined by using the RIFLE criteria (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss and End-stage renal disease) according to serum creatinine (SCr) levels before and after use of nebulized colistimethate. Results: 48 patients were included our study and their SCr increased significantly after nebulized colistimethate treatment ($SCr_0$ vs. $SCr_1$; $0.85{\pm}0.80$ vs. $1.00{\pm}0.82mg/dL$, n=48, p<0.001), but the changes were in normal range according to the standards at Yonsei university health $system^a$. Among 48 patients, 38 patients were in the non-AKI group (79.2%), and 10 patients developed AKI (20.8%). Within the AKI group, 2 patients were in the Injury group (20%) and the other 8 in the Risk group (80%). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in age, dosage and duration of treatment between AKI group and non-AKI group (p>0.05). The study has a significance in that it reviewed the safety of nebulized colistimethate only treatment to national patients, analyzing its nephrotoxicity. It has confirmed that nebulized colistimethate is a safer method than intravenous injection, and requires to establish a guideline for the use of nebulized colistimethate in further studies with broader patient groups. $^a$ : SCr Male 0.68-1.19 mg/dL, Female 0.49-0.91 mg/dL.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제45권12호
• /
• pp.1540-1545
• /
• 2002

목 적 : 방광요관역류는 국외의 연구에 의하면 가족력이 중요하며 무증상 형제 자매에서의 방광요관역류 발생빈도가 26-51%의 높은 빈도로 보고되고 있고 역류성 신병증, 소아 고혈압, 만성 신부전으로 진행될 수 있으므로 선별검사의 중요성이 강조되어 왔는데 우리나라 소아에서도 무증상 형제 자매의 방광요관역류 빈도를 조사하여 선별검사의 근거를 제시하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법: 인제대학교 의과대학 상계백병원에 내원하여 방광요관역류로 진단받은 환아 중 VCUG 검사에 동의한 28명의 무증상 형제 자매를 대상으로 하였고 방광요관역류 환아의 무증상 형제 자매 중 VUR로 진단받은 형제 자매는 모두 DMSA 신스캔을 시행하였다. 결 과 : VUR로 진단받은 환아는 총 28명이고 남아 14 명, 여아 14 명, 나이는 1개월에서 8년 5개월로 평균 2.7세였다. VCUG 검사에 동의한 무증상 형제 자매는 총 28명으로 남아 17명, 여아 11명, 나이는 2개월에서 7년 5개월로 평균 3.3세였다. VUR로 진단된 환아 28명 중 20례에서 신손상이 있어 전체적으로 71.4%의 신손상의 빈도를 보였다. 무증상 형제 자매 28명 중 VCUG 검사상 VUR로 진단된 형제 자매는 3명으로 10.7%의 VUR 발생빈도를 보였고 DMSA 신스캔 상 이상이 발견된 경우는 1명이였다. 결 론 : 방광요관역류 환아의 무증상 형제 자매에서 역류빈도는 10.7%로 조사되어 방광요관역류의 위험인자로서 가족력이 중요함을 제시해주고 있으며 방광요관역류의 가족선별검사의 근거를 확립하기 위해서 앞으로 더 많은 연구가 시행되어야 하겠다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.247-252
• /
• 2009

The present study was to investigate the nutritional status and factors related to malnutrition in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients requiring hemodialysis (HD) in South Korea. Subjects were ESRD outpatients from general hospitals or HD centers in Seoul referred to the dialysis clinic for maintenance HD care. A total of 110 patients (46 men and 64 women; mean ages $58.6{\pm}1.0y$) were eligible for this study. The family history of chronic renal failure (CRF) was considered positive if a patient reported having either a first-degree or second-degree relative with CRF. Malnutrition was defined as a triceps skinfold thickness or mid-ann muscle circumference below the fifth percentile for age and sex and forty-seven of the 110 patients were malnourished. Almost all (94%) patients had anemia (hemoglobin: <13 g/dL for men and <12 g/dL for women). Energy intake was below the recommended intake levels of energy [30-35 kcal/kg ideal body weight (IBW)] and protein (1.2 g/kg IBW) in 60% of patients. The duration of HD was longer in malnourished HD patients (P=0.0095). Malnutrition was more prevalent in women (P=0.0014), those who never smoked (P=0.0007), nondiabetic patients (P=0.0113), and patients with bone diseases (P=0.0427), adequate HD (spKt/$V{\geq}1.2$) (P=0.0178), and those with a family history of CRF (P=0.0255). Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between malnutrition and potential risk factors. After adjusting for age, sex, and other putative risk factors for malnutrition, the OR for malnutrition was greater in HD patients with a family history of CRF (OR, 3.290; 95% CI, $1.003{sim}10.793$). Active nutrition monitoring is needed to improve the nutritional status of HD patients. A family history of CRF may be an independent risk factor for malnutrition in Korean HD patients. A follow-up study is needed to investigate whether there is a causal relationship between a family history of CRF and malnutrition in Korean ESRD patients.

• 대한핵의학회지
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.81-82
• /
• 2001

A 47-year-old man with end-stage renal disease due to diabetic nephropathy underwent a peritoneal scintigraphy to evaluate the cause of recently developed scrotal swelling. Two liters of dialysate mixed with 111 MBq of Tc-99m sulfur colloid were administered into the peritoneal cavity via the dialysis catheter. Various anterior images of the abdomen and pelvis were obtained at 15 min, 2 hr and 4 hr after the tracer instillation. At 15 min, anterior images of the abdomen and pelvis demonstrated linear tracts of activity through both inguinal canals, which were more prominent in the right side (A). Images at 2 hr revealed a passage of the radioactive fluid into the right hemiscrotum. At the same time, there was a considerable accumulation of activity in the right inguinal canal (B). In the delayed image, there was a progressive accumulation of activity in the inguinal canals and a prominent passage of the tracer into the scrotum (C). Both abdominal and inguinal hernias are commonly associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Overall incidence of CAPD-induced hernia ranges from 2.7% to 25%.$^{1)}$ Inguinal hernias were frequently manifested as scrotal swelling. Leakages of dialysate fluid into the scrotum has been noted in CAPD patients with scrotal swelling, with or without clinical findings of inguinal hernia.$^{1,2)}$ In the present case, the right side had leakage from a clinical inguinal hernia and the left side, leakage from a subclinial inguinal hernia. A subclinical inguinal hernia was easily demonstrable with peritoneal scintigraphy. Peritoneal scintigraphy is extremely helpful in the evaluation of scrotal swelling in a patient on CAPD.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제57권3호
• /
• pp.135-139
• /
• 2014

Purpose: Adult Korean patients on chronic dialysis have a 9-year survival rate of 50%, with cardiovascular problems being the most significant cause of death. The 2011 annual report of the North American Pediatric Renal Trials and Collaborative Studies group reported 3-year survival rates of 93.4% and relatively poorer survival in younger patients. Methods: In this study, we have reviewed data from Korean Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Registry from 2002 to 2010 to assess survival rates and causes of death in Korean children on chronic dialysis. Results: The overall estimated patient survival rates were 98.4%, 94.4%, and 92.1% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. No significant difference was observed in survival rates between patients on peritoneal dialysis and those on hemodialysis. Patients for whom dialysis was initiated before 2 years of age (n=40) had significantly lower survival rates than those for whom dialysis was initiated at 6-11 years of age (n=140). In all, 26 patients had died; the mortality rate was 19.9 per 1,000 patient years. The most common causes of death were infections and comorbidities such as malignancy and central nervous system (CNS) or liver diseases. Conclusion: The outcomes observed in this study were better than those observed in adults and comparable to those observed in pediatric studies in other countries. To improve the outcomes of children on chronic dialysis, it is necessary to prevent dialysis-related complications such as infection, congestive heart failure, or CNS hemorrhage and best control treatable comorbidities.