References
- Davin J-C, Weening JJ. Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis: an update. Eur J Pediatr 2001;160:689-95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004310100841
- Koskimies O, Mir S, Rapola J, Vilska J. Henoch-Schönlein nephritis: long-term prognosis of unselected patients. Arch Dis Child 1981;56:482-4. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.56.6.482
- Goldstein AR, White RHR, Akuse R, Chantler C. Long-term follow-up of childhood Henoch- Schönlein nephritis. Lancet 1992;339: 280-2. https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)91341-5
- Ronkainen J, Nuutinen M, Koskimies O. The adult kidney 24 years after childhood Henoch-Schonlein purpura. A retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2002;360:666-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09835-5
- Chang WL, Yang YH, Wang LC, Lin YT, Chiang BL. Renal manifestations in Henoch- Schonlein purpura: a 10-year clinical study. Pediatr Nephrol 2005;20:1269-72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-005-1903-z
- Rostoker G. Schonlein-henoch purpura in children and adults: diagnosis, pathophysiology and management. BioDrugs 2001;15: 99-138. https://doi.org/10.2165/00063030-200115020-00004
- Kaku Y, Nohara K, Honda S. Renal involvement in Henoch-Schonlein purpura: a multivariate analysis of prognostic factors. Kidney Int 1998;53:1755-9. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00915.x
- Sano H, Izumida M, Shimizu H, Ogawa Y. Risk factors of renal involvement and significant proteinuria in Henoch-Schonlein purpura. Eur J Pediatr 2002;161:196-201. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-002-0922-z
- Shin JI, Park JM, Shin YH, Hwang DH, Kim JH, Lee JS. Predictive factors for nephritis, relapse, and significant proteinuria in childhood Henoch-Schonlein purpura. Scand J Rheumatol 2006;35:56-60. https://doi.org/10.1080/03009740510026841
- Narchi H. Risk of long term renal impairment and duration of follow up recommended for Henoch-Schonlein purpura with normal or minimal urinary findings: a systematic review. Arch Dis Child 2005;90: 916-20. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2005.074641
- Niaudet P, Habib R. Methylprednisolone pulse therapy in the treatment of severe forms of Schonlein-Henoch nephritis. Pediatr Nephrol 1998;12:238-43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004670050446
- Wyatt RJ, Hogg RJ. Evidence-based assessment of treatment options for children with IgA nephropathies. Pediatr Nephrol 2001;16:156-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004670000517
- Yoshikawa N, Tanaka R, Iijima K. Pathophysiology and treatment of IgA nephropathy in children. Pediatr Nephrol 2001;16:446-57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004670100582
- Tarshish P, Bernstein J, Edelmann CM Jr. Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis: course of disease and efficacy of cyclophosphamide. Pediatr Nephrol 2004;19:51-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-003-1315-x
- Rieu P, Noel LH. Henoch-Schonlein nephritis in children and adults. Morphological features and clinicopathological correlations. Ann Med Interne (Paris) 1999;150:151-9.
- Schonlein nephritis: clinical findings related to renal function and morphology. Pediatr Nephrol 2005;20:46-51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-004-1650-6
- Ronkainen J, Ala-Houhala M, Huttunen NP, Jahnukainen T, Koskimies O, ormala T, et al. Outcome of Henoch-Schonlein nephritis with nephrotic-range proteinuria. Clin Nephrol 2003;60:80-4. https://doi.org/10.5414/CNP60080
- Ruggenenti P, Schieppati A, Remuzzi G. Progression, remission, regression of chronic renal diseases. Lancet 2001;357:1601-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04728-0
- Shin JI, Park JM, Kim JH, Lee JS, Jeong HJ. Factors affecting histological regression of crescentic Henoch-Schonlein nephritis in children. Pediatr Nephrol 2006;21:54-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-005-2068-5
- Meadow SR, Glasgow EF, White RHR, Moncrief W, Cameron JS, Ogg CS. Schonlein-Henoch nephritis. Q J Med 1972;41:241-58.
- Kawasaki Y, Suzuki J, Sakai N, Nemoto K, Nozawa R, Suzuki S, et al. Clinical and pathological features of children with Henoch Schoenlein purpura nephritis: risk factors associated with poor prognosis. Clin Nephrol 2003;60:153-60. https://doi.org/10.5414/CNP60153
- Mir S, Yavascan O, Mutlubas F, Yeniay B, Sonmez F. Clinical outcome in children with Henoch-Schonlein nephritis. Pediatr Nephrol 2007;22:64-70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-006-0278-0
- Algoet C, Proesmans W. Renal biopsy 2-9 years after Henoch-Schonlein purpura. Pediatr Nephrol 2003;18:471-3.
- Flynn JT, Smoyer WE, Bunchman TE, Kershaw DB, Sedman AB. Treatment of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura glomerulone phritis in children with high-dose corticosteroids plus oral cyclophosphamide. Am J Nephrol 2001;21:128-33. https://doi.org/10.1159/000046235
- Tanaka H, Suzuki K, Nakahata T, Ito E, Waga S. Early treatment with oral immunosuppressants in severe proteinuric purpura nephritis. Pediatr Nephrol 2003;18:347-50.
- Oner A, Tinaztepe K, Erdogan O. The effect of triple therapy on rapidly progressive type of Henoch-Schonlein nephritis. Pediatr Nephrol 1995;9:6-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00858954
- Iijima K, Ito-Kariya S, Nakamura H, Yoshikawa N. Multiple combined therapy for severe Henoch-Schonlein nephritis in children. Pediatr Nephrol 1998;12:244-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004670050447
- Kawasaki Y, Suzuki J, Nozawa R, Suzuki S, Suzuki H. Efficacy of methylprednisolone and urokinase pulse therapy for severe Henoch-Schonlein nephritis. Pediatrics 2003;111:785-9. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.111.4.785
- Kawasaki Y, Suzuki J, Suzuki H. Efficacy of methylprednisolone and urokinase pulse therapy combined with or without cyclophosphamide in severe Henoch-Schoenlein nephritis: a clinical and histopathological study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2004;19: 858-64. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfg617
- Bergstein J, Leiser J, Andreoli SP. Response of crescentic Henoch-Schoenlein purpura nephritis to corticosteroid and azathioprine therapy. Clin Nephrol 1998;49:9-14.
- Foster BJ, Bernard C, Drummond KN, Sharma AK. Effective therapy for severe Henoch- Schonlein purpura nephritis with prednisone and azathioprine: a clinical and histopathological study. J Pediatr 2000;136: 370-5. https://doi.org/10.1067/mpd.2000.103448
- Singh S, Devidayal, Kumar L, Joshi K, Minz RW, Datta U. Severe Henoch-Schonlein nephritis: resolution with azathioprine and steroids. Rheumatol Int 2002;22:133-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-002-0208-9
- Shin JI, Park JM, Shin YH, Kim JH, Lee JS, Kim PK, et al. Can azathioprine and steroids alter the progression of severe Henoch-Schonlein nephritis in children? Pediatr Nephrol 2005;20:1087-92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-005-1869-x
- Ronkainen J, Autio-Harmainen H, Nuutinen M. Cyclosporin A for the treatment of severe Henoch-Schonlein glomerulonephritis. Pediatr Nephrol 2003;18:1138-42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-003-1245-7
- Shin JI, Park JM, Shin YH, Kim JH, Kim PK, Lee JS, et al. Cyclosporin A therapy for severe Henoch-Schonlein nephritis with nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2005; 20:1093-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-005-1864-2
- Shin JI, Park JM, Shin YH, Kim JH, Lee JS, Jeong HJ. Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis with nephrotic-range proteinuria: histological regression possibly associated with cyclosporin A and steroid treatment. Scand J Rheumatol 2005;34:392-5. https://doi.org/10.1080/03009740510026544
- Shin JI, Park JM, Lee JS, Kim JH, Kim PK, Jeong HJ. Successful use of cyclosporin A in severe Schonlein-Henoch nephritis resistant to both methylprednisolone pulse and azathioprine. Clin Rheumatol 2006;25: 759-60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-005-0066-4
- Shin JI, Park JM, Shin YH, Lee JS, Jeong HJ, Kim HS. Serum IgA/C3 ratio may be a useful marker of disease activity in severe Henoch-Schonlein nephritis. Nephron Clin Pract 2005;101:c72-8. https://doi.org/10.1159/000086225
- Watanabe T, Takahashi S, Nakajo S, Hamasaki M. Pathological improvement of IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis with urokinase therapy. Acta Pae diatr Jpn 1996;38:622-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200X.1996.tb03720.x
- Shin JI, Park JM, Shin YH, Lee JS, Jeong HJ. Role of mesangial fibrinogen deposition in the pathogenesis of crescentic Henoch-Schonlein nephritis in children. J Clin Pathol 2005;58:1147-51. https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.2005.027409
- Hattori M, Ito K, Konomoto T, Kawaguchi H, Yoshioka T, Khono M. Plasmapheresis as the sole therapy for rapidly progressive Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis in children. Am J Kidney Dis 1999;33:427-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-6386(99)70178-2
- Scharer K, Krmar R, Querfeld U, Ruder H, Waldherr R, Schaefer F. Clinical outcome of Schonlein-Henoch purpura nephritis in children. Pediatr Nephrol 1999;13:816-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004670050707
- Kawasaki Y, Suzuki J, Murai M, Takahashi A, Isome M, Nozawa R, et al. Plasmapheresis therapy for rapidly progressive Henoch-Schonlein nephritis. Pediatr Nephrol 2004; 19:920-3.
- Wright E, Dillon MJ, Tullus K. Childhood vasculitis and plasma exchange. Eur J Pediatr 2007;166:145-51.
- Wortmann SB, Fiselier TJ, Van De Kar NC, Aarts RA, Warris A, Draaisma JM. Refractory severe intestinal vasculitis due to Henoch-Schonlein purpura: successful treatment with plasmapheresis. Acta Paediatr 2006;95:622-3. https://doi.org/10.1080/08035250500509180
- Wen YK, Yang Y, Chang CC. Cerebral vasculitis and intracerebral hemorrhage in Henoch-Schonlein purpura treated with plasmapheresis. Pediatr Nephrol 2005;20: 223-5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-004-1673-z
- Yamamoto-Shuda Y, Nakayama K, Saito T, Natori Y. Therapeutic effect of glucocorticoid on experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis. J Lab Clin Med 1999;134:410-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2143(99)90157-9
- Coppo R, Andrulli S, Amore A, Gianoglio B, Conti G, Peruzzi L, et al. Predictors of outcome in Henoch-Schonlein nephritis in children and adults. Am J Kidney Dis 2006;47: 993-1003 https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2006.02.178
- Chan JC, Trachtman H. Modulating the progression in IgA nephropathy. Nephron Clin Pract 2006;104:c61-8. https://doi.org/10.1159/000093672
- Camacho Diaz JA, Gimenez Llort A, Garcia Garcia L, Jimenez Gonzalez R. Long-term effect of angiotensin-converting inhibitors in children with proteinuria. An Esp Pediatr 2001;55:219-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1695-4033(01)77669-2
- Dixit MP, Dixit NM, Scott K. Managing Henoch-Schonlein purpura in children with fish oil and ACE inhibitor therapy. Nephrology (Carlton) 2004;9:381-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.2004.00320.x
- Shin JI, Park JM, Kim JH, Lee JS, Jeong HJ. Methylprednisolone pulse therapy by the Tune-Mendoza protocol in a child with severe Henoch-Schonlein nephritis. Scand J Rheumatol 2006;35:162-3. https://doi.org/10.1080/03009740500304361
Cited by
- Korean Herbal Medicine for Treating Henoch-Schonlein Purpura with Yin Deficiency: Five Case Reports vol.17, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3831/kpi.2014.17.040
- Clinico-Epidemiological Profile and Outcome of Children with IgA Vasculitis in Aseer Region, Southwestern Saudi Arabia vol.9, pp.12, 2010, https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9121694