• Title/Summary/Keyword: end-plate connection

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Evaluation of the Energy Dissipation Capacity of an Unstiffened Extended End-plate Connection (비보강 확장단부판 접합부의 에너지소산능력 평가)

  • Lee, Soo Kueon;Yang, Jae Guen
    • Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.243-250
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    • 2015
  • An extended end-plate connection displays different behavioral properties and energy dissipation capacity based on the thickness and length of the end-plate comprising the connection in the form of a beam-to-column moment connection, the number and diameter of the high strength bolt, the gauge distance of the high strength bolt, and the size and length of the welds. Such extended end-plate is applied to beam-to-column connections in various geometric forms in the US and European regions. Currently in Korea, however, the extended end-plate beam-to-column connection is not actively applied due to the lack of proper design formulas, the evaluation of the energy dissipation capacity, and the provision of construction guidelines. Accordingly, this study was conducted to provide the basic data for the proposal of a prediction model of energy dissipation capacity by evaluating the energy dissipation capacity of unstiffened extended end-plate connections with relatively thin end plate thicknesses. To achieve this, a three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis has been conducted on unstiffened extended end-plate connections, with the thickness of the end plate as the set variable.

Analysis of end-plate connections at elevated temperatures

  • Lin, Shuyuan;Huang, Zhaohui;Fan, Mizi
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.81-101
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    • 2013
  • In this paper a robust 2-noded connection element has been developed for modelling the bolted end-plate connection between steel beam and column at elevated temperatures. The numerical procedure described is based on the model proposed by Huang (2011), incorporating additional developments to more precisely determinate the tension, compression and bending moment capacities of end-plate connection in fire. The proper failure criteria are proposed to calculate the tension capacity for each individual bolt row. In this new model the connection failure due to bending, axial tension, compression and shear are considered. The influence of the axial force of the connected beam on the connection is also taken into account. This new model has the advantages of both the simple and component-based models. In order to validate the model a total of 22 tests are used. It is evident that this new connection model has ability to accurately predict the behaviour of the end-plate connection at elevated temperatures, and can be used to represent the end-plate connections in supporting performance-based fire resistance design of steel-framed composite buildings.

Structural performance evaluation of bolted end-plate connections in a half-through railway inclined girder

  • Jung Hyun Kim;Chang Su Shim
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.49 no.5
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    • pp.473-486
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    • 2023
  • A through-railway bridge with an inclined girder has recently been applied to optimize the cross-section of a slender bridge structure in railway bridges. To achieve the additional cross-section optimization effect by the bolted end-plate connection, it is necessary to investigate the application of the bolted end-plate tension connection between the inclined girder and the crossbeam. This basic study was conducted on the application of the bolted end-plate moment connection of crossbeams to half-through girders with inclined webs. The combined behavior of vertical deflection and rotational behavior was observed due to the effect of the web inclination in the inclined girder where the steel crossbeam was connected to the girder by the bolted end-plate moment connection. Therefore, in the experiment, the deflection of the inclined girder was 1.77-2.93 times greater than that of the vertical girder but the lateral deflection of the inclined girder was 0.4 times less than that of the vertical girder. Moreover, the tensile stress of the upper bolts in the inclined girder with low crossbeams was clearly 0.81 times lower than that of the vertical girder. According to the results, the design formula for vertical girders does not reflect the influence of the web inclination. Therefore, this study proposed the design procedures for the inclined girder to apply the bolted end-plate moment connection of the crossbeam to the inclined girder by reflecting the design change factors according to the effect of the web inclination.

Experimental investigations on resilient beam-column end-plate connection with structural fuse

  • Arunkumar Chandrasekaran;Umamaheswari Nambiappan
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.47 no.3
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    • pp.315-337
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    • 2023
  • The steel structure is an assembly of individual structural members joined together by connections. The connections are the focal point to transfer the forces which is susceptible to damage easily. It is challenging to replace the affected connection parts after an earthquake. Hence, steel plates are utilised as a structural fuse that absorbs connection forces and fails first. The objective of the present research is to develop a beam-column end plate connection with single and dual fuse and study the effect of single fuse, dual fuse and combined action of fuse and damper. In this research, seismic resilient beam-column end plate connection is developed in the form of structural fuse. The novel connection consists of one main fuse was placed horizontally and secondary fuse was placed vertically over main fuse. The specimens are fabricated with the variation in number of fuse (single and dual) and position of fuse (beam flange top and bottom). From the fabricated ten specimens five specimens were loaded monotonically and five cyclically. The experimental results are compared with Finite Element Analysis results of Arunkumar and Umamaheswari (2022). The results are critically assessed in the aspect of moment-rotation behaviour, strain in connection components, connection stiffness, energy dissipation characteristics and ductility. While comparing the performance of total five specimens, the connection with fuse exhibited superior performance than the conventional connection. An equation is proposed for the moment of resistance of end-plate connection without and with structural fuse.

Investigation of the effect of bolt diameter and end plate thickness change on bolt column-beam connection

  • Samet Oguzhan Dogan;Senol Gursoy;Ramazan Ozmen
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.89 no.2
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    • pp.155-170
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    • 2024
  • Several types of column-beam connections are used in the design of steel structures. This situation causes different cross-section effects and, therefore, different displacements and deformations. In other words, connection elements such as welds, bolts, continuity plates, end plates, and stiffness plates used in steel column-beam connections directly affect the section effects. This matter reveals the necessity of knowing the steel column-beam connection behaviours. In this article, behaviours of bolted column-beam connection with end plate widely used in steel structures are investigated comparatively the effects of the stiffness plates added to the beam body, the change in the end plate thickness and bolt diameter. The results obtained reveal that the moment and force carrying capacity of the said connection increases with the increase in the end plate thickness and bolt diameter. In contrast, it causes the other elements to deform and lose their capacity. This matter shows that optimum dimensions are very important in steel column-beam connections. In addition, it has been seen that adding a stiffness plate to the beam body part positively contributes to the connection's moment-carrying capacity.

Analytical study of slant end-plate connection subjected to elevated temperatures

  • Zahmatkesh, F.;Osman, M.H.;Talebi, E.;Kueh, A.B.H.
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.47-67
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    • 2014
  • Due to thermal expansion, the structural behaviour of beams in steel structures subjected to temperature increase will be affected. This may result in the failure of the structural members or connection due to extra internal force in the beam induced by the thermal increase. A method to release some of the thermally generated internal force in the members is to allow for some movements at the end supports of the member. This can be achieved by making the plane of the end-plate of the connection slanted instead of vertical as in conventional design. The present paper discusses the mechanical behaviour of beams with bolted slant end-plate connection under symmetrical gravity loads, subjected to temperature increase. Analyses have been carried out to investigate the reduction in internal force with various angles of slanting, friction factor at the surface of the connection, and allowable temperature increase in the beam. The main conclusion is that higher thermal increase is tolerable when slanting connection is used, which means the risk of failure of structures can be reduced.

Performance of partial strength connection connected by thick plate between column flanges

  • Tahir, Mahmood M.;Juki, Irwan;Ishak, Mohd Y.;Mohammad, Shahrin;Awang, Abdullah Z.;Plank, Roger
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.51 no.2
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    • pp.215-228
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    • 2014
  • Traditional beam connections to the minor axis of a column have relatively low strength and stiffness. A modified detail, using a plate welded between the toes of the column flange - referred to as a toe plate connection - is examined in this paper. The results of an experimental investigation for both flush and extended end-plate connections connected to a 25 mm thick end-plate are presented. The tests are complemented by finite element modelling which compares very well with the test observations. The results show a significant increase in both moment resistance and initial stiffness for this connection detail compared with connections made directly to the column web. This offers the prospect of more optimal solutions taking advantage of partial strength frame design for the minor axis as well as major axis.

Parametric study using finite element simulation for low cycle fatigue behavior of end plate moment connection

  • Lim, Chemin;Choi, Wonchang;Sumner, Emmett A.
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.57-71
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    • 2013
  • The prediction of the low cycle fatigue (LCF) life of beam-column connections requires an LCF model that is developed using specific geometric information. The beam-column connection has several geometric variables, and changes in these variables must be taken into account to ensure sufficient robustness of the design. Previous research has verified that the finite element model (FEM) can be used to simulate LCF behavior at the end plate moment connection (EPMC). Three critical parameters, i.e., end plate thickness, beam flange thickness, and bolt distance, have been selected for this study to determine the geometric effects on LCF behavior. Seven FEMs for different geometries have been developed using these three critical parameters. The finite element analysis results have led to the development of a modified LCF model for the critical parameter groups.

A Proposal of Steel Structure Beam-to-Column Connection Appling High Strength Bolt Improved in Deformation Capacity (고력볼트의 변형능력을 향상시킨 강구조 보-기둥 접합부의 제안)

  • Kim, Seung-Goo;Lee, Seung-Jae;Oh, Sang-Hoon;Kang, Cang-Hoon
    • Proceeding of KASS Symposium
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    • 2006.05a
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    • pp.182-188
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    • 2006
  • This study propose cutting body portion-high strength bolts to improve deformation capacity of High strength bolts, which are the mechanical fasteners used for End-plate connection. And, we report that loading test results of steel beam-to-column connection using high deformation capacity-high strength bolts in accordance with SAC2000 loading program. As a result, the initial stiffness and the maximum strength of the connection using high deformation capacity-high strength bolts, are approximately the same in comparison with those of the end-plate connection using the existing high strength bolts. But the deformation capacity of the connection is more than twice as much as those.

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Presenting an advanced component-based method to investigate flexural behavior and optimize the end-plate connection cost

  • Ali Sadeghi;Mohammad Reza Sohrabi;Seyed Morteza Kazemi
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.52 no.1
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    • pp.31-43
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    • 2024
  • A very widely used analytical method (mathematical model), mentioned in Eurocode 3, to examine the connections' bending behavior is the component-based method that has certain weak points shown in the plastic behavior part of the moment-rotation curves. In the component method available in Eurocode 3, for simplicity, the effect of strain hardening is omitted, and the bending behavior of the connection is modeled with the help of a two-line diagram. To make the component method more efficient and reliable, this research proposed its advanced version, wherein the plastic part of the diagram was developed beyond the guidelines of the mentioned Regulation, implemented to connect the end plate, and verified with the moment-rotation curves found from the laboratory model and the finite element method in ABAQUS. The findings indicated that the advanced component method (the method developed in this research) could predict the plastic part of the moment-rotation curve as well as the conventional component-based method in Eurocode 3. The comparison between the laboratory model and the outputs of the conventional and advanced component methods, as well as the outputs of the finite elements approach using ABAQUS, revealed a different percentage in the ultimate moment for bolt-extended end-plate connections. Specifically, the difference percentages were -31.56%, 2.46%, and 9.84%, respectively. Another aim of this research was to determine the optimal dimensions of the end plate joint to reduce costs without letting the mechanical constraints related to the bending moment and the resulting initial stiffness, are not compromised as well as the safety and integrity of the connection. In this research, the thickness and dimensions of the end plate and the location and diameter of the bolts were the design variables, which were optimized using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Snake Optimization (SO), and Teaching Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO) to minimization the connection cost of the end plate connection. According to the results, the TLBO method yielded better solutions than others, reducing the connection costs from 43.97 to 17.45€ (60.3%), which shows the method's proper efficiency.