• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.62-76
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• 2002

This study was designed to construct a structural model for health promoting behavior of patients with chronic disease. The hypothetical model was developed based on the literature review and Pender's health promotion model. Method: Data was collected by questionnaires from 1748 patients with chronic disease in General Hospital from December 1999 to July 2000 in Seoul. The disease of subject were cardiac disease included hypertension peptic ulcer, pulmonary disease included COPD and asthma, DM, and chronic kidney disease. Data analysis was done with SAS 6.12 for descriptive statistics and PC-LISREL 8.13 Program for Covariance structural analysis. Results: 1. The fit of the hypothetical model to the data was moderate, it was modified by excluding 4 path and including free parameters to it. The modified model with path showed a good fitness to the empirical data (χ2=591.83, p<.0001, GFI=0.97, AGFI= 0.94, NNFI=0.95, RMSR=0.01, RMSEA=0.05). 2. The perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, self- esteem, and the plan for action were found to have significant direct effect on health promoting behavior of chronic disease. 3. The health concept, health perception, emotional state, social support were found to have indirect effects on health promoting behavior of chronic disease. Conclusion: The derived model in this study is considered appropriate in explaining and predicting health promoting behavior of patients with chronic disease. Therefore, it can effectively be used as a reference model for further studies and suggested implication in nursing practice.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.51-56
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• 2004

Arousal level has been well defined by autonomic responses. However, entire emotion including both valence and arousal level is often questioned to be completely described by only autonomic responses. This study is to find the autonomic physiological parameters which were used emotion evaluation, 15 undergraduate students were asked to watch eight video clips from diverse movies and comedy shows for experiencing emotions. The subjectively experienced emotion were grouped by three factors. Two dimensional emotion model having the pleasant-unpleasant and arousal-non arousal factors were mapped with three physiological responses(GSR, PPG, SKT). The results may suggest that PPG and GSR may be used as arousal index while SKT may pleasant index. And the complex relation of physiological responses to emotional experiences are discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.370-379
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• 2000

Autonomic responses were analyzed in 323 college students exposed to visual stimulation with Korean Affective Picture System (KAPS). Cardiac, vascular and electrodermal variables were recorded during 30 sec of viewing affective pictures. The same slides intended to elicit basic emotions (fear, anger, surprise, disgust, sadness, happiness) were presented to subjects in 2 trials with different experimental context. The first time slides were shown without any instructions (passive viewing), while during the second with instruction to exert efforts to magnify experienced emotion induced by pictures (active viewing). The aim of the study was to differentiate autonomic manifestations of emotions elicited by KAPS stimulation and to identify the role of instructed emotional engagement on physiological response profiles. The obtained results demonstrated reproducibility of responses in both trials with different contexts. Pairwise comparison of physiological responses in emotion conditions revealed the most pronounced differentiation for "ear-anger" and "fear-sadness" pairs (in electrodermal and HR variability parameters). "Fear-surprise" pair was also well differentiable. The typical response profile for all emotions included HR acceleration (except happiness and surprise), an increase of electrodermal activity, and a decrease of pulse volume. Higher cardiovascular and electrodermal reactivity to fear observed in this study, e.g., as compared to data with IAPS as stimuli, can be explained by cultural relevance and higher effectiveness of KAPS as stimuli, can be explained by cultural relevance and higher effectiveness of KAPS in producing certain emotions such as fear in Koreans.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.405-411
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the difference between genuine and pseudo halitosis about qi stagnation and stress. Methods : We recruited 63 halitosis patients who visited the halitosis clinic in the Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital from June 2012 to August 2013. We classified the halitosis patients into two groups, genuine and pseudo halitosis based on organoleptic assesment (OLT) score and evaluated the severity of self-reported halitosis using visual analog scale (VAS), amount of sulfide compounds using Halimeter, qi stagnation level using qi stagnation questionnaire and stress levels using heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. Results : Comparing the genuine halitosis group and the pseudo halitosis group, there was no significant difference in VAS of halitosis but significant difference in halimeter score. Distribution of qi stagnation and non-qi stagnation groups was significantly different between genuine and pseudo halitosis. Compared to the genuine halitosis group, the pseudo halitosis group showed a significant higher value of low frequency/high frequency ratio (LF/HF ratio). Conclusions : The result of this study suggest that there is significant difference about qi stagnation and stress level between genuine halitosis and pseudo halitosis patients, so when approaching pseudo halitosis patients, we should consider their psychological and emotional status.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.109-115
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• 2013

Background Breast reconstruction refers to the rebuilding of a woman's breast using autologous tissue or prosthetic material to form a natural-looking breast. It is increasingly offered to women undergoing mastectomy for breast cancer. However, there is no systematic analysis available for the expanding area of research on breast reconstruction. Methods A bibliometric method was used to obtain a view of the scientific production about breast reconstruction by data extracted from the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI). Specific parameters were retrieved from the ISI. Articles about breast reconstruction were analyzed to obtain a view of the topic's structure, history, and document relationships using HistCite software. Trends in the most influential publications and authors were analyzed. Results The number of articles was constantly increasing. Most highly cited articles described the methods of flap construction in the surgery. Other highly cited articles discussed the psychological or emotional aspects of breast reconstruction, skin sparing mastectomy, and breast reconstruction in the irradiated breast. Conclusions This was the first breast reconstruction scientometric analysis, representing the characteristics of papers and the trends of scientific production. A constant increase in the number of breast reconstruction papers and also the increasing number of citations shows that there is an increasing interest in this area of medical science. It seems that most of the research in this field is focused on the technical aspects of surgery.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.27-30
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• 2004

Background and Objectives : The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of vocal hygiene education for the female elementary school teachers. Materials and Method : Thirty healthy female elementary school teachers were enrolled for the study. We provided a vocal hygiene education to the half of them. Voice handicap index and acoustic parameters were measured before and 4 week after the education. The efficacy of vocal hygiene education was analyzed by Wilcoxon Signed-rank test. Results : The vocal hygiene group showed significant improvement both in the subjective and objective data after the education. However, the non-vocal hygiene group failed to show any improvement. In functional score, emotional score, jitter, shimmer, only Junior Class(JC) could find significant after the education. Only low career(LC) could find significant in subjective data. Conclusion : Vocal hygiene education may be useful in reducing vocal misuse and abuse associated with teaching, and can be an effective method to maintain and improve the vocal health of teachers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.233-246
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• 2015

Focus on Digital Fashion Image, the conceptual framework for the thesis is established from Virtuality in Digital Art. Formative characteristics and aesthetic characteristics were studied by classifying the Digital Fashion Image applied and expressed by digital media and technology. A detective research method was used for a case study. A literature study for case-by-case data was analyzed with focus on the works expressing fashion that utilized digital media and technology since the 2000s. Through this study, the Digital revolution has created the socio-cultural impact of a Virtual representation to implement technology and fashion culture that finds ways to take advantage of the image shown in a Digital Fashion Media by understanding Virtuality. The results are as follows. First, it was a re-formation of the fashion culture through the experience of virtuality with mental zone parameters between the media 'Mediation Code'. Reflect the reality of the virtual environment as represented by a cultural image of fashion brands and fashion that reset the team relationship and formed a Homo Ludens cultural code. Second, 'Interactive Exchange' acts on the exchange interaction between the method of digital technology, the human and the machine as well as the technical interoperability of network elements and techniques. This exchange is applied to fashion images that express emotion. Forming personalized fashion items and the user interactively storage that expresses the interactive exchange to forward the identity of the emotional fashion by a change in the message delivery system fashion. Third, the emphasis on intuitive artistic expression 'Synesthesia Immersion' induces a sense of immersion and excitement through the fusion of the interconnected. Enhance a visual image in fashion sensory representation and maximize a tactile and visual virtual reality involvement.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2014

Purpose: Electrogastrography is a method of measuring action potentials of the stomach. The purpose of this study was to investigate early postoperative changes in the electrogastrography and determine the correlation between electrogastrography and quality of life of patients with stomach cancer who underwent distal gastrectomy. Materials and Methods: This study analyzed 20 patients with stomach cancer who underwent electrogastrography and quality of life was measured 1, 12, and 24 weeks after the operation. Quality of life-C30 version 3.0 and quality of life-STO22, were used. Results: Fasting and postprandial mean dominant frequency at 1 week after the operation was 2.7 and 2.7 cycles per minute, and 2.8 and 2.7 cycles per minute at 12 weeks, 2.6 and 2.8 cycles per minute at 24 weeks. Fasting and postprandial mean dominant power at 1 week was 36.5 and 36.4 dB, 36.3 and 40.1 dB at 12 weeks and 40.9 and 42.3 dB at 24 weeks. The percentage of tachygastria was increased whereas the percentage of bradygradia was decreased during the postoperative periods (P<0.05). Global health, physical, emotional and social functioning scales were improved, but role and cognitive functioning were not changed. Pain, insomnia, diarrhea and financial difficulties were significantly improved according to the postoperative periods (P<0.05). The correlation between the STO22 and electrogastrography parameters was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusions: These may suggest that electrogastrography is a simple and noninvasive method and may be applicated for evaluating motility and autonomic functions of the remnant stomach.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.10 no.3 s.35
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• pp.55-64
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• 2005

The avatar can be used as an auxiliary methodology of text and image communications in cyber space. An intelligent communication method can also be utilized to achieve real-time communication, where intelligently coded data (joint angles for arm gestures and action units for facial emotions) are transmitted instead of real or compressed pictures. In this paper. for supporting the action of arm and leg gestures, a method of generating the facial expressions that can represent sender's emotions is provided. The facial expression can be represented by Action Unit(AU), in this paper we suggest the methodology of finding appropriate AUs in avatar models that have various shape and structure. And, to maximize the efficiency of emotional expressions, a comic-style facial model having only eyebrows, eyes, nose, and mouth is employed. Then generation of facial emotion animation with the parameters is also investigated.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.127-134
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• 2017

Color is a significant factor for evoking human emotion. Therefore, the effects of color have been analyzed to predict and evaluate human emotion. The purpose of this study was to measure the cardiovascular responses depending on color stimuli in order to observe differences in color-emotions. Images consisting of six colors (red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, yellow) were used as visual stimuli. 26 college or graduate students (13 males) watched the color stimuli on the monitor and scored their subjective emotion while electrocardiogram (ECG) was meausred. The effects of the color on emotion were tested using Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test. The coherence ratio showed significant differences between green and magenta (p = .004), green and red (p = .006), and green and yellow (p = .004). The significant differences of cardiovascular and emotions were relevant to emotional valence. This study shows significance as an empirical study by indicating that green induces pleasant and red induces unpleasant.