• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2013

During the cold forming, due to high working pressure acting on the die surface, failure mechanics must be considered before die design. One of the main reasons of die failure in industrial application of metal forming technologies is wear. The mechanisms of wear are consisted of adhesion, abrasion, erosion and so on. Die wear affects the tolerances of formed parts, metal flow, and costs of process. The only way to control these failures is to develop a prediction method on die wear suitable in the design state in order to optimize the process. The wear system is used to analyse 'operating variables' and 'system structure'. In this study, with AISI D2, AISI 1020, AISI 304SS materials, a series of the wear experiments of pin-on-disk type to obtain the wear coefficients from Archard's wear model and the upsetting processes are carried out to observe the wear phenomenon during the cold forming process. The analysis of upsetting processes are performed by the rigid-plastic finite element method. The result of the analysis is used to investigate the die wear the processes, and the analysis simulated die wear profiles are compared with the experimental measured die wear profiles.

• Water Engineering Research
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2005

The bed evolution of the stretch of the River Rhine between km-812.5 and km-821.5 is characterised by general bed degradation as a result of the river training works and dredging activities of the last two centuries. The degradation of the river bed affects the water levels, and so the navigation conditions. To combat the erosion of the river bed with the aim to keep up the shipping traffic and to avoid the ecological system damages due to water level reductions, sand-gravel-mixtures were added to the river (so called artificial grain feeding activities). This paper presents the results of an application of a graded sediment transport model in order to study morpholodynamical characteristics due to artificial grain feeding activities in the river stretch. The finite element code TELEMAC2D was used for flow calculation by solving the 2D shallow water equation on non-structured grids. The sediment transport module SISYPHE has been developed for graded sediment transport using a multiple layer model. The needs to apply such graded sediment transport approaches to study morphological processes in the domain are discussed. The calculations have been carried out for the case of middle water flow and different size-fraction distributions. The results show that the grain feeding process could be well simulated by the model.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.1239-1247
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• 1993

집합이론을 기본으로하는 수학적 형태학은 영상처리의 여러분야에서 다양하게 이용되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 수학적 형태학을 이용하는 새로운 이진 영상의 피라미드를 제안하였다. 제안된 방법에서는 이진영상을 특별한 조건을 갖는 구조적 요소(structure element)로 침식 (erosion)하고 침식된 영상을 부표본화(subsampling)를 이 용하여 축소하고, 축소된 영상을 외삽(interpolation)과 침식 할 때와 동일한 구조적요소로 융기(dilation)하여 확장하며, 원 영상과 차를 이용하여 나머지 영상을 구하였다. 이때 사용된 구조적 요소는 부표본화 집합을 융기하였을 경우, 원래의 표본화 집합을 재생할 수 있는 구조적 요소로서, 차이 영상이 0또는 1로 표현되기 위해 충분해야 한다. 또한, 피라미드 구성에 필요한 연산들이 분리가능(separable)함을 증명함으로써 파이프라인 프로세싱등 병렬 연간이 가능함을 입증하였으며, 제안된 피라미드를 이진 영상의 점진적 부호화에 이용할 경우 등가 엔트로피 측면에서 약 1.6에서 2.9배 개선될 수 있음을 보였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.66-73
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• 2015

Background: A numerical simulation was carried out to investigate the difference between internal and external heat-flux distributions at the reactor vessel wall under in-vessel retention through external reactor vessel cooling (IVR-ERVC). Methods: Total loss of feed water, station blackout, and large break loss of coolant accidents were selected as the severe accident scenarios, and a transient analysis using the element-birth-and-death technique was conducted to reflect the vessel erosion (vessel wall thickness change) effect. Results: It was found that the maximum heat flux at the focusing region was decreased at least 10% when considering the two-dimensional heat conduction at the reactor vessel wall. Conclusion: The results show that a higher thermal margin for the IVR-ERVC strategy can be achieved in the focusing region. In addition, sensitivity studies revealed that the heat flux and reactor vessel thickness are dominantly affected by the molten corium pool formation according to the accident scenario.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.88-97
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• 1996

The pupose of this study is to improve the mechanical properies and to evaluate the residual stresses of flame-sprayed Alumina ceramic coating layer. The first work in this study is to investigate the effects of strengthening heat treatments on the mechanical properties of coating layer. Strengthening heat treatments for sprayed specimens were carried out in vaccum furnace. The mechanical properties such as microhardness, thermal shock resistance, adhesive strength and erosion resistance were tested for the sprayed specimens after strengthening heat treatments. And it was clear that the mechanical properties of coating layer were much improved by strengthening heat treatments. The second work in this study is to evalute the residual stresses in coating lsyer by numerical analysis. FDM and FEM were used to analyze temperature distribution and residul stresses in coating layer. It was proved that are tensile stresses in coating layer and that residual stresses can be controlled by the appropriate selection of the spraying parameters such as preheat temperature, coating thickness and bond coat thickness.

• 농촌계획
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.233-242
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• 2014

In terms of both quality of rural lifestyle and cultural awareness, the importance of community facility is being emphasized. Nevertheless, by occasion of graying, population outflow and revenue loss, rural society faces the erosion of community. For these reasons, government is promotion an community space construction project on rural areas which is lack of community facilities. Whereas the projects are just one off thing not include upkeeping, so lots of functional overlapping community facilities are formed in same place. In this study has classified rural community facility remodeling element and designed rural community facility evaluation system of each elements. In order to implement of purpose, it has categorized community remodeling index in rural area by literature analysis and site survey. For setting remodeling rating system, this study analysed preceding research data and conducted a Delphi survey of 30 experts. As a result, this study deducted 29 categories of community remodeling index and 21 categorizes of remodeling rating clause. Taking this result, this study progressed case study on seonheul-ri in Jeju. Implications, limitations and future research directions are presented. It would be groundwork for remodeling system development in rural community facility.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2017

Purpose - This study is to propose a creative idea for constant business growth and development by examining characteristics of business outcomes by phase, which are "growth" and "erosion and stagnation," respectively. Research design, data, methodology - It is necessary to identify an occurrence of crisis and its diffusion with a dynamic model in order to identify a success and failure of businesses in an organic way, not on a binary structure. The static perspective is to understand a crisis as a simply one-time event or as a linear causation. Thus, it has a limited understanding of the overall situation and has limits to investigating a foundational cause and developing long-term countermeasures. On the contrary, the dynamic perspective is to understand the crisis as circulation process of the overall system. Thus, it divides elements of the crisis as external and internal ones to understand it as the causal relationship of each element. Results - During the growth period of Burger King, the company promoted its brand very successfully with aggressive and creative marketing activities. However, due to the founder's disposal of management rights and the following changes in the management, the company had no choice but to lose focus on its business philosophy and brand management, and eventually it had to face the big crisis (resonance) which was delisting from the stock market because of the external threat; well-being trend. However, Burger King resumed lifting on the stock exchange by making great efforts to clearly identify the current issues and seek solutions. Under the spirit of "perseverance" and its slogan "Have it your way" the company is now going head to head with McDonald's in the North American region and emerging countries. Conclusions - Then, what is the most crucial factor in the success and failure of businesses? Answers may vary, however, as learned from the case study of Burger King, corporations should inspect the present and focus on developing a long-term strategy for the future and actively fulfill the actions. McDonald's may not be able to innovate by itself in the future as it may become routinized to the growth. There will be chances of winning if we change conditions of individuals or organizations to an organic system in terms of being creative. There is a hopeful message here that an individual or small business may have more advantages in the era of the idea and innovation.

• 지질공학
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 지반함몰의 실질적 원인인 토립자 유실에 의한 함몰 가능성을 판단하기 위해 댐설계 시 활용되고 있는 코어재와 필터재의 입도 차이에 의한 필터조건을 굴착공사 주변의 지반조건에 대한 평가 조건으로 응용하였다. 이를 위해 여러 제안자들이 실험 등을 통해 제안한 필터 기준을 확인하였으며, 이 중 미공병단에서 제안한 필터조건을 이용하여 지반입도 조건에 따른 지반함몰 가능성을 판단해 보았다. 이를 통해 사용자가 지반조사 정보로부터 획득한 지반입도조건을 이용하여 빠르게 지반함몰 가능성을 판단할 수 있는 평가도표를 작성하였으며, 다양한 굴착 주변의 지층 변화에 따른 지반함몰 가능성을 쉽게 평가해 볼 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 입자유동 과정을 모사하기 위해 PFC3D 프로그램을 활용하였으며, 이것은 단순 지하수위 저하에 의한 지반침하 경향을 판단하는 것이 아니라 실질적인 토립자 유실에 의한 지반함몰 예측 및 평가가 지반입도조건을 통해 이루어질 수 있고 이를 수치해석 적으로 검증할 수 있음을 나타낸다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제32권1A호
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• pp.49-53
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• 2012

해안사면의 침식을 막기 위한 해안구조물이 해저면과의 경계면에서 파랑에 의하여 세굴이 발생 할 수 있으며, 세굴에 의한 기초지반의 유실로 해안구조물의 붕괴에 이를 수 있다. 이러한 세굴 현상을 방지하기 위하여 기존의 직립식 해안구조물을 다양한 형태의 해안구조물로 개선하여 제작할 수 있다. 이러한 해안구조물의 세굴 방지 효과를 검증하기 위해서는 많은 비용이 요구되는 조파 실험이 필요하다. 조파실험에 선행하여 모델링을 수행하고 실험결과의 검증 및 추가 분석을 하는 과정을 통해서 큰 비용 절감 효과를 기대할 수 있게 된다. 본 연구에서는 조파실험 해석기법을 제안하기 위해서 유한요소해석 프로그램인 LS-DYNA를 사용하여 유체-구조 상호 작용을 고려한 조파 실험 모델링을 하고, 해안구조물과 상호작용에 의한 유체 흐름을 분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 직립형, 경사형, 계단형, 사석형의 4가지 해안구조물의 세굴이 발생 가능성이 높은 위치를 선정하여 유속을 통하여 성능을 비교 분석하였다.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.514-527
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• 2004

경북 청도분지의 청도읍과 화양읍을 중심으로 선상지 분포와 지형발달을 조사하였다. 청도분지 남동쪽에 남산(840m)을 최고봉으로 하는 산지 전면에 동-서 방향으로 연속되어 나타나는 합류선상지는 하상비고가 다른 고위면, 중위면, 저위면의 세 지형면으로 구분된다. 선상지를 이루는 역층은 하천에 의해 운반, 퇴적되었으며, 오래된 것일수록 자갈의 풍화 정도가 심하였다. 합류선상지를 구성하는 각 선상지 지형면의 크기와 지형면을 형성하는 하천 유역분지 크기와의 관계, 즉. 규모에 있어서 선상지-유역분지 체계는 정의 상관관계에 있다. 청도분지에는 단층선이 통과하지 않을 뿐 아니라 선상지를 형성한 하천 유역분지의 기반암이 풍화와 침식에 대한 저항력이 강한 안산암이지만. 반경 1 km 이상인 선상지가 분포한다. 이러한 현상으로 볼 때, 우리나라에서 선상지 형성에 가장 크게 영향을 미치는 요소는 빙기와 간빙기가 반복된 제4기 기후변화이다. 따라서 제4기 동안 거의 같은 정도로 기후변화의 영향을 받은 한반도에서 선상지는 단층선의 유무와 관계없이 보편적으로 형성될 수 있는 지형이다.