• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.91 no.4
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• pp.417-426
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• 2024

Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising avenue for enhancing musical structures. In this study, we analyze the static behavior of laser harp (i.e., electronic musical instrument) reinforced with Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. Leveraging the piezoelectric properties of ZnO nanoparticles, the structure is subjected to an electric field for intelligent control. The electronic musical structure is situated in a foundation with vertical springs and shear modulus constants. We employ the exponential Shear Deformation Beam Theory (ESDBT) to mathematically model the structure. A micro-electro-mechanical model is employed to determine the equivalent properties of the system. By utilizing nonlinear stress-strain relations, energy methods, and Hamilton's principle, we derive the motion equations. The buckling load of the electronic musical beam is calculated using the Difference Quadrature Method (DQM). The primary objective of this study is to present a mathematical model for electronic musical beams and determining the buckling load of the structure and to investigate the influence of nanotechnology and electric fields on its buckling behavior. The buckling is the case when the structure becomes deforms and unstable. Our findings reveal that the application of negative external voltage to the electronic musical structure increases both the stiffness and the buckling load of the musical system. Furthermore, reinforcing the electronic musical structure with ZnO nanoparticles results in an increased buckling load. Notably, the maximum enhancement in the 28-day compressive and tensile strengths of samples containing zinc oxide nanoparticles compared to the control sample resulting in increases of 18.70% and 3.77%, respectively.

• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
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• 2014.03a
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• pp.472-474
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• 2014

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been intensively investigated since they have been considered as building blocks of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Theoretical and computational studies on CNTs have revealed their physical and chemical properties and helped researchers build various experimental devices to study them in depth. However, there have been only few systematic studies on detailed changes in electronic structures of CNTs due to geometrical structure modifications. In this regard, it is necessary to perform systematic investigations of the modifications in electronic structures of CNTs, as their geometrical configurations are altered, using the first-principles density functional theory. In other words, it is essential to determine the true equilibrium structure of CNTs. We are going to construct different atomic configurations of each nanotube by maintaining the original symmetries, but changing all the other bonding types one by one. Furthermore, as for CNTs, for example, the way the graphene sheet is wrapped is represented by a pair of indices (n,m) and electronic structures of CNTs vary depending on different indices. Therefore, we plan to study and discuss all the significant couplings between electronic and geometric structures in CNTs.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.218-222
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• 2016

Pure and V-doped NiO porous structures were prepared by the evaporation-induced surfactant assembly and subsequent pyrolysis of assembled structures, and their gas sensing characteristics were investigated. Pure NiO porous structures showed negligible gas responses (S=$R_g/R_a$, $R_g$: sensor resistance in analytic gas; $R_a$: sensor resistance in air) to 5 ppm trimethylamine (S=1.17) as well as other interfering gases such as ethanol, p-xylene, toluene, benzene and formaldehyde (S=1.02-1.13). In contrast, the V-doped NiO porous structures exhibited a high response and selectivity to 5 ppm trimethylamine (S=14.5) with low cross-responses to other interfering gases (S=4.0-8.7) at $350^{\circ}C$. The high gas response of V-doped NiO porous structures to trimethylamine was explained by electronic sensitization, that is, the increase in the chemoresistive variation due to the decrease in the hole concentration. The enhanced selectivity to trimethylamine was discussed in relation to the interaction between basic trimethylamine gas and acidic V catalysts.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.08a
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• pp.114-114
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• 2011

Graphene is the hottest topic in condensed-matter physics due to its unusual electronic structures such as Dirac cones and massless linear dispersions. Graphene can be epitaxially grown on various metal surfaces with chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes. Such epitaxial graphene shows modified electronic structures caused by substrates. In the method for removal of the effect of substrate, there are bi, tri-layer graphene, gold intercalation, and oxygen intercalation. Here, We will present the changes of geometric and electronic structure of graphene grown on Ru(0001) by oxygen intercalation between graphene and Ru(0001). Using Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS), we observed the aspect that the band gap features near the fermi level of graphene on Ru(0001) system is shifted and narrow. Based on the observed results, two effects by intercalated oxygen were considered.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.07a
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• pp.130-133
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• 2004

The characterization of interdigitated capacitors was investigated. The test structures are manufactured by low temperature co-fired ceramic(LTCC) process and their s-parameters were measured. The optimized equivalent circuit models for test structures were obtained using the partial element equivalent circuit(PEEC) method. Predictive modeling was performed on different test structures using optimized parameters to verify the circuit models. From this result, the manufacturability on the process can be improved through the predictive modeling for the characteristics of interdigitated capacitors.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.510-514
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• 2011

Based on first-principles LCAO method, we study the electronic and atomic structures of DNA nucleobases adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C) adsorbed on graphene surfaces. The ${\pi}-{\pi}$ stacking interactions between graphene and nucleobases lead to the bilayer geometries similar to the Bernal stacked graphite. Through the density of states and charge density analyses, it is found that nucleobases are physisorbed on graphene by dispersive interactions with negligible charge exchange. Our calculations reproduce the atomic structures obtained in previous plane wave calculations accurately with much less computation, and well describe the delocalized ${\pi}-{\pi}$ interactions in graphene-nucleobases system, indicating that the LCAO method is very efficient for investigating graphene-bio systems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.218-221
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• 2004

The electronic state of ZnO doped with Al, Ga and In, which belong to III family elements in periodic table, was calculated using the density functional theory. In this study, the program used for the calculation on theoretical structures of ZnO and doped ZnO was Vienna Ab-initio Simulation Package (VASP), which is a sort of pseudo potential method. The detail of electronic structure was obtained by the describe variational $X{\alpha}(DV-X{\alpha})$(DV-Xa) method, which is a sort of molecular orbital full potential method. The optimized crystal structures obtained by calculations were compared to the measured structure. The density of state and energy levels of dopant elements was shown and discussed in association with properties.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.49-72
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• 2005

This study aims to analyze the structures of electronic records classification and suggest managing requirements for electronic folder as basic entity for ERM. This present study begins with analyzing the various types of electronic folders based on the Requirements for Electronic Records Management Systems: Functional Requirements of U.K. It designs some examples of classification structures for clarifying the meaning of the electronic folders, components and markers. Finally, it analyses some implications for korean environments including application of electronic folder concept, principles of folder open and closure, and introduction of electronic part entity for efficient folder management.

• Electrical & Electronic Materials
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.651-658
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• 1997

In this paper, effect of interpenetrating polymer network(IPN) introduction on the dielectric properties, heat proof properties, internal structure and defects of the Epoxy/SiO$_2$composite materials, were investigated. we reported a relation between network structures and electrical properties, especially dielectric characteristics with variation of network structures for epoxy composite materials. According to experimental results, the specimens which have single network structures have lower dielectric constant than interpenetrating polymer network(IPN) specimens, but have relatively larger dependency to variation of temperature and frequency. It was confirmed that change of structures is attained by introducing of IPN to insulating materials. Therefore it is counted that introduction of multiple structure including IPN is necessary to improve heat proof and electrical properties.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.193-200
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• 2018

From the viewpoint of engineering applications, the prediction of the failure of bogies plays an important role in preventing the occurrence of fatigue. Fatigue is a complex phenomenon affected by many uncertainties (such as load, environment, geometrical and material properties, and so on). The key to predict fatigue damage accurately is how to quantify these uncertainties. A Bayesian model is used to account for the uncertainty of various sources when predicting fatigue damage of structural components. In spite of improvements in the design of fatigue-sensitive structures, periodic non-destructive inspections are required for components. With the help of modern nondestructive inspection techniques, the fatigue flaws can be detected for bogie structures, and fatigue reliability can be updated by using Bayesian theorem with inspection data. A practical fatigue analysis of welded bogies is utilized to testify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.