• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.235-241
• /
• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a six month web-based diabetic education on plasma glucose in people with diabetes. Method: A randomized design with control and experimental groups being assessed pre- and post-intervention was used. Seventeen patients were randomly assigned to a control group and 18 to an experimental group. Participants were requested to input the blood glucose level weekly to http://www.biodang.com by cellular phone or wire Internet for 6 months. The researcher sent optimal recommendations to each patient using the short message service (SMS) for cellular phone and wire Internet. Messages were sent weekly for 6 months. Results: Glycosylated hemoglobin ($HbA_1c$) decreased 1.5 percentage points at 3 months and 1.4 percentage points at 6 months compared with baseline in the intervention group. Patients in the intervention group had a decrease in 2 hours post meal glucose (2HPMG) of 94.3mg/dl at 3 months and 82.5mg/dl at 6 months compared with baseline. Conclusion: This web-based intervention using SMS for cellular phone improved HbAlc, and 2HPMG for six months in patients with type 2 diabetes.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 2019

Purpose - Although an extensive body of research in psychology and marketing focuses on perceived waiting time, no research has examined the effect of the location of the waiting place on perceived waiting time. In particular, this study suggests that customers who are waiting in a restaurant may have different perceived waiting time depending on whether they are in close proximity to the service area (e.g., dining area) or farther from it. In particular, the author examines how and why the location of the waiting place affects the perceived waiting time of the consumer and reveals the mental simulation as its psychological mechanism. Research design, data, and methodology - This study conducted field surveys with customers waiting in real restaurants. Eighty-eight people participated under two conditions: a restaurant with a waiting place near the dining area and a restaurant with a waiting place far from the dining area. Participants responded to questions about perceived waiting time (the dependent variable), mental simulation (the mediator), and demographic variables. To verify the hypothesis, ANOVA and bootstrapping analysis were performed. Results - The major results from the field study are as follows. First, participants perceived wait time differently depending on the location of the restaurant's waiting place: participants in the restaurant with a waiting place close to the dining area perceived significantly shorter waiting times. Second, the effect of the location of the waiting place on the perceived waiting time was mediated by mental simulation: the closer the wait location is to the dining area, the more imagination the customer exercises about the meal, which in turn distracts attention from time flow and shortens the perceived wait time. Conclusion - This study has a theoretical implication in that it extends research on perceived waiting time as the first study of how and why the location of a waiting place affects a customer's perceived waiting time. It has a practical implication that can be used as a marketing tactics to improve the image of the service provider by changing the location of the waiting place.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.135-145
• /
• 2017

The purposes of this study were to verify the effects of HMR (Home Meal Replacement) brand image on purchase intention and brand loyalty. In addition, the mediating role of brand trust was also examined between purchase intention and brand loyalty. This survey was conducted with those who have bought HMR in Seoul and Kyonggi area, Korea, using a convenience sampling method. After a total of 300 responses were collected, 275 were used for the analyses. Both standard and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses. The results are as follows. First, it was found that emotional image had an effect on purchase of HMR but that social image did not have an effect on purchase of HMR. Second, purchase intention of HMR significantly impacted brand loyalty. Third, brand trust of HMR was found to mediate the relationship between purchase intention and brand loyalty of HMR. These findings provide practical implication for researchers and marketer regarding relationship marketing strategy in the HMR context.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.77-88
• /
• 2017

The purposes of this study were to verify the effects of corporate image on HMR (Home Meal Replacement) brand image, HMR product attitude and HMR behavioral intention. Using a convenience sampling method, the data were collected from those who have bought HMR in Seoul area, Korea. After a total of 350 responses were collected, 342 were used for the analyses. Both standard and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses. The results are as follows. First, corporate image and HMR brand image had an effect on product attitude of HMR. Second, corporate image of HMR significantly impacted brand image of HMR. Third, brand image of HMR mediated the relationship between corporate image and behavioral intention. Fourth, product attitude of HMR had an effect on behavioral intention of HMR. These findings provide practical implication and marketing strategies for researchers and marketers regarding corporate image and brand image in the HMR context.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.207-214
• /
• 2002

Food preference of children may be determined by various lifestyle and environmental factors. This study evaluated the effect of rural or urban inhabitance, cooking methods, and frequency of exposure to vegetable dishes on the acceptance of vegetables by 452 fifth grade children. The subjects were students utilizing meal service in public elementary schools in Boryeoung-city, Chungcheong-nam-do (urban); Cheolwon-gun, Gangwondo (rural); or Pocheon-gun, Kyeonggi-do (suburban). A survey was used to determine the preference of students for 59 foods containing vegetables as a primary ingredient, and categorized by fat content (high, low, or intermediate). Children with working mothers and those living in urban areas tended to have less preference for vegetables than their counterparts in rural areas or with mothers who remained at home. Preference for vegetable foods was correlated with the frequency that vegetable foods were prepared by mothers. Vegetable dishes with a high fat content were preferred over those with low or intermediate fat content, except far soup. This study suggests that children who live in urban areas and whose mothers work outside of the home may be predisposed to nutritional deficiencies due to poor acceptance of vegetable foods, and that all children may be at risk for over-consumption of dietary fat, due to a preference for high fat foods.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.20 no.12
• /
• pp.471-481
• /
• 2020

This study aims to investigate the relationship between the factors of RMR product selection attributes, brand image, and satisfaction as the interest and frequency of use of RMR products of dining out consumers increase recently. Convenience sampling was used for consumers with experience in using RMR products launched in catering companies and restaurants. The investigation period was conducted for about 20 days from August 10, 2020. The final 291 copies were used for research analysis, and the SPSS 21.0 statistical package program was used for hypothesis verification. As a result of the analysis, the hygiene (��=.160), menu (��=.203), and packaging (��=.291) of Hypothesis 1 had a significant effect on reliability. Hypothesis 2's menu (��=.270), convenience (��=.201), and packaging (��=.195) were found to have a significant effect on differentiation. The reliability (��=.328) and differentiation (��=.443) of the brand image of Hypothesis 3 were found to have a significant effect on satisfaction (��=.428). Hygiene (��=.388), menu (��=.229), and convenience (��=.243) of Hypothesis 4 were analyzed to have a significant effect on satisfaction. Lastly, this study is expected to be provided as basic research data related to RMR products, and is intended to be presented as a theoretical basis for the use of marketing and direction in RMR product development of food service companies and restaurants.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.74-83
• /
• 2009

We investigated the food service management practices in child care centers operated by various types of foundations in the Chonbuk area of Korea. Self-administered questionnaires were collected from 125 child care center directors. The statistical analysis was completed using an SPSS v11.5 program. Approximately 82.4% of the directors were women with an the average age of 45 years old. The average number of children in each public and private child care center was 84.7 and 88.8, respectively (P<.001), and the difference in time of operation was significant(P<.001). Only 20.8% of the centers employed a dietitian, whereas 92.0% of the centers employed a cook, thus, food service was not managed by professionals in most centers. In approximately 99.2% of the centers, meals were prepared in a conventional manner. The difference in daily meal frequency was significant(P<.05), with approximately 85.6% of the centers serving snacks twice a day primarily to supplement the intake of nutrients(4.44 point) and to add fun to the daily lives of the children(4.12 point). Approximately 40.7% of the directors of public centers and 57.6% of the directors of private centers responded that the most difficult aspect of food service management was financial management. Overall, 56.8% of the directors responded that the details of financial management had the greatest effect on their ability to improve the quality of food service. In most centers, the center director was also the purchasing manager and half of them purchased food every day. Approximately 97% of the directors responded that they do not include instant foods in their menu plans but they would use them if the children wanted to eat them. These results indicate that the food service management in child care centers in the Chonbuk area is relatively inadequate. We strongly recommend that they hire dietitians for food service administration and focus on strengthening sanitation management.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.307-315
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of personalized nutrition intervention for increasing hospital meal intake by elderly patients with malnutrition. Methods: The subjects were 30 elderly patients with malnutrition who visited a general hospital located in Daegu. An individual nutrition intervention such as change of meal types or special meal service was given to the patients according to nutrition diagnosis related to inadequate intake of hospital meals. Nutritional intake status of the subjects was assessed by analyzing energy intake, protein intake, index of nutritional quality (INQ), nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR). Results: The causes of inadequate intake in the subjects were poor appetite or preference problems (46.7%), symptom-related problems (30.0%) and mastication problems (23.3%). The INQ of protein in the subjects was significantly increased from $0.81{\pm}0.17$ to $1.41{\pm}0.25$ after the nutrition intervention (p < 0.05). The NAR of protein (before $0.50{\pm}0.21$, after $0.58{\pm}0.17$), iron (before $0.72{\pm}0.30$, after $0.84{\pm}0.29$) and vitamin $B_2$ (before $0.31{\pm}0.16$, after $0.37{\pm}0.14$) was also increased after the nutrition intervention (p < 0.05). The MAR of five nutrients, protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A and vitamin $B_2$, was significantly increased by the nutrition intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Personalized nutrition intervention according to nutrition diagnosis related to inadequate intake of hospital meals may improve the intake amount of elderly patients with malnutrition.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.458-468
• /
• 2019

This research attempted to estimate monthly sales of food and beverage at the passenger terminal of Incheon int'l airport from June of 2015 to December 2020. This paper used ARIMA-Intervention model which can estimate the change of the sales amount suggesting the predicted monthly food and beverage sales revenue. The intervention variable was travel-ban policy against south Korea from P.R. China since July 2016 to December 2017 due to THAAD in south Korea. According to ARIMA, it was found normal predicted sales amount showed the slow growth increase rate until 2020 due to the effect of intervened variable. However, the monthly food sales in July and August 2019 was 20.3 and 21.2 billion KRW respectively. Each amount would increase even more in 2020 and the amount would increase to 21.4 and 22.1 billion KRW. The sales amount in 2019 would be 7.7 and 8.1 billion KRW and climb up 7.9 and 8.2 billion KRW in 2020. It was expected LCC passengers tend to spend more money for F&B at airport due to no meal or drink service of LCC or the paid-in meal and beverage service of LCC. The growth of sales of food and beverate will be accompanied with the growth of LCC according to estimated data.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.40-52
• /
• 2001

This study was undertaken with 237 fifth grade children to investigate the factors, affecting the seafood prefrerence of elementary school children as one of the approaches to find strategies to promote these children's acceptance of seafoods. Subjects for this study were from one public elementary school under meal service located each in Boryeoung-city Chungcheongna Co (coastal area) and Chelowon gen Gangwon do land locked area) The preferences for than those in Boryeong and differences in may items were significant Among four area gender groups girls in Cheolwon had the lowest preference for most seafood items except cephalocoda for which the preference of body in Cheolwon was the lowest Making soup was the least preferred method to cook fish regardless of gender and area, while grilling was the most or the second most preferred in each gender area group Compared to girls bodys had a higher preference for deep frying The seafood preferences of mothers in both areas were similar to those of their children except for processed seafoods which were even more preferred by the children than mothers. Gender, distance from the sea and the method of preparation/cooking seemed to affect the children's preference more than their mother's preference and frequency of serving in the case of seafood. And the effect of gender distance from the sea and cooking methods differed for each seafood category The several suggestions to improve seafood preference especially in land locked area are discussed.