• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2006

This study examine the relationship between the intake of food conformable to each Sasang constitution and the recognition of irregular symptoms of health condition. The study subjects were 362 university students nationwide, classified by heir Sasang constitution. In terms of the intakes of conformable food and the symptom recognition, the number of multiple subjective symptoms tended to rise as the Soeum type digested the conformable food. As for the kinds of food, the Soyang type showed a significant positive correlation between the intake of cucumber namul and the symptoms of eyes and skin, but a negative correlation between the intake of Chongak Kimchi and the symptoms of the digestive system The Soeum type showed a significant positive correlation between multiple subjective symptoms and the intake of Gatkimchi, fernbrake namul, naeng-i soup, naeng-i namul, Korean leek Kimchi, crown daisy namul, and curled mallow soup, a significant positive correlation between the symptom recognition of the respiratory system and the intake of fried flatfish, and chicken gomtang but a negative correlation between the symptom recognition of the eye and skin and the intake of boiled eel. The Taeum type presented the a sigmificant positive correlation between multiple subjective symptoms and the intake of spaghetti, a positive correlation between the symptoms of the respiratory system and the intake of tuna salad, a positive correlation between the symptoms of the eye and skin and the intake of mafa tofu, spaghetti, and tuna salad, a negative correlation between the symptoms of the mouth and anus and the intake of codfish jiri, and a negative correlation between the symptoms of the respiratory system and the intake of tuna salad.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.387-394
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate effect of complex extract of various mushrooms and sharp toothed eel on the skin conditions with atopic dermatitis and acne symptoms. The total phenol concentration was increased in order of hot water> ethanol> ethyl acetate> petroleum ether> chloroform extract. Especially, when the hot water extract was used, it was about 2-3 fold higher than that of ethyl acetate, petroleumether, and chloroform extract. When the complex extract concentration was increased from 1.0 to 50 mg/L, the DPPH scavenging rate increased from 10.1 to 81.4%. The reduction power was sharply increased from 0.05 to 0.27 (700 nm) when the complex extract concentration was increased from 25 to 75 mg/L. However, above 100 mg/L, it was not decreased. In the case of SOD-like activity, it was 45.7% at 100 mg/L. Total numbers of patients with atopic dermatitis were 15 and 5 patients with severe acne symptoms. According to photos taken before and after the treatment and questionnaire results, considerable improvements in skin conditions are observed in the patients with atopic dermatitis and acne. For atopic patients, erythema and edema have been improved but the degree of effect was dependent on the individual's constitution. Concerning acne, the effect of coating of the extracts was prominent for first week and the degree decreased with time till 4 weeks. The complex extracts wereefficient in soothing rash and maturation. Side effects such as a scar were not detected during the application and treatment.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.853-860
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• 2011

We measured blood plasma parameters(cortisol, glucose, albumin) and glucocorticoid receptor(GCR) gene expression level of the Japanese eel(Anguilla japonica) exposed to an explosion noise for an hour in order to evaluate the effects of noise stress and to explore the possibility of these parameters as biomarkers on noise stress for one of this valuable aquaculture species. Plasma cortisol and glucose reached high levels with significant differences compared to the control group, whereas albumin showed a low value after 1 h of exposure. In addition, tissue distribution of GCR gene expression was studied by real-time RT-PCR of ten organs(brain, eye, gill, gonad, heart, intestine, kidney, liver, muscle and skin). Liver showed the highest level of expression in the control followed by gill, muscle and intestine. A time-course study revealed induction in liver, gill, muscle and intestine after 30 min or 1 h of noise exposure.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.40-47
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• 2024

The anatomy and histology of the olfactory organ of Monopterus albus was investigated using stereo microscopy, light microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The external structure of the olfactory organ exhibited closed anterior and posterior nostrils parallel to the skin surface. The interior structure consisted of a pipe-like chamber, and lower and upper accessory nasal sacs. The olfactory chamber was composed of the sensory and non-sensory epithelium, and an unidentified organ. The sensory epithelium of the pseudostratified epithelial layer was composed of olfactory receptor neurons, supporting cells, basal cells, and lymphatic cells; and the non-sensory epithelium of the stratified squamous layer contained stratified epithelial cells and mucous cells with acidic mucopolysaccharides. The presence of intraepithelial blood capillaries and abundant dermal vascularization in the sensory epithelium of the olfactory chamber may provide strong histological evidence that respiration occurs through the olfactory epithelium.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.477-484
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• 1984

The crude lipid contents in meat, skin and viscera of eel were 24.94, 20.00 and 14.96, respectively, and higher than the other fresh water fishes. The free lipid was consisted in order of neutral lipid(86.71~94.94), phospholipid(4.13~12.74) and glycolipid(0.63~1.22), and the bound lipid in order of phospholipid(51.74~75.21), neutral lipid(14.41~36.82) and glycolipid(5.12~7.51). The neutral lipid in free lipid was mainly consisted of TG(68.51~95.22), and that in bound lipid TG(36.54~39.94), ES & HC(17.20~18.01), and MG(15.81~18.11). The phospholipid in free lipid was mainly consisted of PC (32.40~56.08) and PE(18.71~31.09), while that in bound lipid PC (<42.51~67.90) and PS (23.37~34.49). The contents of major fatty acid of polar lipid in free and bound lipids were $C_{16:0}$(16.58, 14.10, $C_{18:0}$(12.44, 7.36), $C_{18:1}$(16.01, 15.78), $C_{20:4}$(10.01, 6.11) $C_{20:5}$(4.20, 8.67) and $C_{22:6}$(10.26, 18.32) and those of nonpolar lipid in free and bound lipids were $C_{16:0}$(22.31, 18.61), $C_{18:0}$(4.36, 5.69, $C_{18:1}$(36.30, 27.20) $C_{20:5}$(2.88, 2.38) $C_{22:5}$(6.38, 5.11) and $C_{22:6}$(1.20, 5.11). The total essential fatty acid(TEFA) content of polar lipid in meat was ranged from 17.33 to 22.88, and 2.0~3.0 times higher than that of nonpolar lipid, and the TEFA content of bound lipid in meat was ranged from 11.54 to 22.88, and 1.5~2.0 times higher than that of free lipid. The w3 highly unsaturated fatty acid(w3-HUFA) content of polar lipid in meat was ranged from 8.63 to 42.85, and higer than 11.48 to 14.42 of nonpolar lipid. Also the w3-HUFA content of bound lipid in meat was ranged from 13.35 to 42.85, and higher than 11.48 to 18.63 of free lipid. The w3-HUFA content in meat was higher than that in skin and/or viscera

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 1977

Nutrition counselors in Korea often encounter difficulty in their attempt to change village women's attitudes regarding food taboos which are counter to good eating habits. There are a great many food superstitions which are not due to religious influence, but seem to be related to shape and composition of food. Many expectant mothers superstitiously avoid eating certain foods for fear that they may cause mental or physical abnormality in their babies. As was shown in a previous survey (Mo, 1966)of villages in all provinces except Jeju Island, such superstitions were common among pregnant and lactating mothers. Many food taboos and superstitions based on non-scientific and irrational ideas do exist even in modern society, and are a major obstacle to nutritionally adequate food consumption. A study of food taboos among women of Jeju Island was undertaken from November to December of 1976, these results to be compared as well with those of the previous study. There were 73 items found to be prohibited during pregnancy. Of these, 48.7% were of the deaf group, 17.4% fish, 5.5% eggs, 4.7% cereal, and only 2.2% fruit. Of 252% women respondents, 111 (45% ) abstained from eating chicken, duck, and shark because of the belief that they would cause their babies to be born with gooseflesh or shark skin. Many of them avoided rabbit meat for fear that their babies might be born with harelip. It was also feared that a baby would become disfigured if his mother ate duck, goat, dog meat, chicken or duck eggs, or soup made of bones. A common superstition was that highly spiced or salty foods would cause the fetus to be hairless. Squid and octopus were believed to cause babies to have weak bones, or none at all. Most of these food taboos were associated with fears concerning Physical structure and appearance of unborn babies. Other taboos were associated with fear of undesirable behavioral characteristics. For example, some mothers thought that a baby would pinch or bite the mother's breast during the weaning period, if crab meat were eaten during pregnancy. Unevenly sliced rice cake, loach, snake meat and eel were also believed to cause a baby to be ill-tempered. The findings of this study are remarkably similar to those of the previous study conducted by the authour in 1966. Most of the same food taboos, based on non-scientific and irrational reasons, were found on Jeju Island as on the peninsula, and thor were similarly wide-spread. The results of correlational analysis show that the most significant factors related to prevalence of food taboos, are level of education and religious background. Number of food taboos is correlated with level of education. Also, food taboos are least freqent among the Christian woman. Proper nutrition education should he undertaken in order to encourage intake of protein-rich food, particularly during pregnancy when nutritional needs of mother and fetus are great.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.665-676
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• 2016

As high temperature during citrus growing season has caused a serious problems including inferior coloration in production of mandarins in Korea, we were to investigate the expression pattern of several genes related with coloration during the ripening in high temperature condition of citrus fruits. The expression of genes related with sugar metabolism, cell wall degradation, and flavonoid synthesis in high temperature conditions was investigated in fruits of 'Haryejosaeng' (Citrus unshiu) and 'Shiranuhi' mandarin (C. reticulata). While the expression of beta-amylase (BMY), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chalcone synthase (CHS), and flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H) was differently induced, expression of polygalacturonase (PG) decreased dependently on temperature conditions. In 'Haryejosaeng' mandarin, while the expression of genes related to the skin coloration, such as CHS and F3H genes increased at $25^{\circ}C$, the expression of PAL and stilbene synthase (STS) genes were induced at $30-35^{\circ}C$ in all ripening stages. In 'Shiranuhi' mandarin, the expression of the BMY gene decreased at early time point in all temperature condition and then increased at $30-35^{\circ}C$ than at $25^{\circ}C$ in the ripening stage 2 to 3 of fruits. F3H and STS genes also showed the tendency to decrease at $30-35^{\circ}C$. Although the expression levels of genes in ripening stage 1 and stage 2 of fruits showed similar patterns in both 'Haryejosaeng' and 'Shiranuhi', the expression levels of genes were down-regulated in late ripening stage of 'Shiranuhi' fruits compared to 'Haryejosaeng'. In general, the mRNA levels of seven tested genes were higher in 'Haryejosaeng' than in 'Shiranuhi' mandarin, and expression of genes by high temperature was regulated sensitively in 'Haryejosaeng' compared to 'Shiranuhi' mandarin. Further investigations of expression of various genes based on transcriptome analysis in early ripening stage can provide valuable information about the responses to climatic changes in ripening citrus fruits.