• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.207-216
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors contributing to the wage inequality between employment of persons with disabilities. Among the raw data provided by the Korea Employment Development institute for persons with disabilities, 3,546 cases were studied, excluding cases in which major variables were missing, in the 『2018 survey on the employment status of the disabled in business』. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 25 and STATA 14 to analyze wage inequality among employment companies for persons with disabilities. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 25 and STATA 14 to analyze wage inequality in employment companies for persons with disabilities. The study found that factors contributing to the wage inequality in employment companies for the disabled include 'minimum level of education'12.63%, 'asset level'6.37%, 'level of work required'4.87%, 'ratio of female employment'3.30%, 'sales profit'2.33%, 'education training for employees'1.19%, 'labor union membership rate'0.67%, 'work type'0.42%, 'average working hours'0.41%, 'recognition of work level of disabled people'0.34%, 'recognition that employment of disabled people is helpful to companies'0.23%, 'positive recognition of work cost of disabled people'0.17%. Based on these results, this study proposed access at the level of employment business for the disabled, social level, and worker level for the disabled.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2022

Purpose - In spite of the growing importance of Taiwanese green industry, most of employees who work in this industry in Taiwan are dominated by males. Only a few females are working in this industry and their wage is lower. This research is applying role congruity theory which explains why females share only a small portion in Taiwan's green industry. This study addresses a research question, "How has the gender inequality and discrimination been reflected in the occupation structure of Taiwan's green industry? How has this gender occupation structure influenced females in the green industry?" Research design, data, and methodology - To find out the impact of gender role in the green industry, the dataset of the 2015 Taiwan Social Change Survey is used. Using STATA, t test has been implemented to address our research question with three hypotheses. Result -All of hypothesis were all supported. It is found there is a statistical difference in stereotypical thinking between female who work in the green industry and the non-green industry of Taiwan. The limited female representation in the green industry of Taiwan influences job matching and job satisfaction significantly. Conclusion - This study suggests the Taiwanese government should encourage STEM education for females and provide more relevant vocational education and training particularly for females' competency development in the green industry. By providing vocational education and training to meet the skill needs of greener economy resilient to climate change, Taiwan's green industry will grow further and will overcome gender inequality and discrimination.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.551-565
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• 2013

This paper examines the aspects of development education in the Geography Syllabus in the State of NSW, Australia and geography textbooks developed by it. The aspects of development education in the Geography Syllabus and textbooks is as follows. Firstly, Development Education is implicitly described in terms of the difference of the quality of life and aid links in Geography (Mandatory) Stage 4 and Geography (Mandatory) Stage 5, but clearly in Geography Elective. Moreover, Development Geography is one of unit to learn deeply in case of Global Challenges in Stage 6. Secondly, in geography textbooks, development education is sequenced with learning of the quality of life in everyday life, understanding of diverse meaning of development and measure of development, and the role of individuals and organizations for reducing the global inequality. The implications of the findings is as follows. Firstly, geography curriculum needs to be consist of the difference of the quality of life in the middle school, and development geography in high school. Secondly, the major concepts of development education like development, measure of development and the aid etc. need to be described in the different views. Thirdly, development education needs learners to learn the interdependence and practice the global citizenship through learning of specific links of our country with others. Finally, geography textbooks should not describe the normative efforts for reducing global inequality, and treat individual practical cases as well as organizations like government and NGOs so that learners empathize with their value and attitude through individual practical cases.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.21 no.2 s.30
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• pp.321-330
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to develop a tool which can be used in factor analysis of inequality on mathematics education. The objectives for study are develop an index that can be used to find a deviation of objects on mathematics scholastic achievement. The results of this study are deviation index of objects on mathematics scholastic achievement which development can be applications to Gini coefficient.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.201-209
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the socioeconomic inequality in malnutrition in under-5 children in Iran in order to help policymakers reduce such inequality. Methods: Data on 8443 under-5 children were extracted from the Iran Multiple Indicator Demographic and Health Survey. The wealth index was used as proxy for socioeconomic status. Socioeconomic inequality in stunting, underweight, and wasting was calculated using the concentration index. The concentration index was calculated for the whole sample, as well as for subcategories defined in terms of categories such as area of residence (urban and rural) and the sex of children. Results: Stunting was observed to be more prevalent than underweight or wasting. The results of the concentration index at the national level, as well as in rural and urban areas and in terms of children's sex, showed that inequality in stunting and underweight was statistically significant and that children in the lower quintiles were more malnourished. The wasting index was not sensitive to socioeconomic status, and its concentration index value was not statistically significant. Conclusions: This study showed that it can be misleading to assess the mean levels of malnutrition at the national level without knowledge of the distribution of malnutrition among socioeconomic groups. Significant socioeconomic inequalities in stunting and underweight were observed at the national level and in both urban and rural areas. Regarding the influence of nutrition on the health and economic well-being of preschool-aged children, it is necessary for the government to focus on taking targeted measures to reduce malnutrition and to focus on poorer groups within society who bear a greater burden of malnutrition.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.196-213
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• 2019

This paper attempts to analyze the contribution of different socioeconomic factors such as income, age, gender, household composition, education and employment status etc. to the difference between the Capital and Non-Capital Regions in the net wealth inequality of household in Korea. To this end, a two-stage Oaxaca-Blinder type decomposition is employed regarding the regional gap in the inequality of net wealth based upon the Recentered Influence Function of the Gini index for 'the 2018 Household Finance and Living Conditions Survey.' Despite the shortcomings of the survey data on wealth, the findings reveal that regional differences in income, marriage status (divorce), job type (agriculture, forestry and fishery related, and technical and assembly), family type (multi-cultural) variables deepen the regional gap in the net-wealth inequality, but employment status (full-time), job type (administrative and specialized, and service sales), household size variables mitigate the gap, and that regional differences in life cycles play an offsetting role.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12spc
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• pp.629-635
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• 2021

In the spring, 2020, the pandemic caused quarantine and all educational institutions switched to distance learning, which led to significant changes in the field of education around the world. It has become necessary to build its capacity to provide distance learning to protect education and create opportunities for more individualized approaches to teaching and learning not only during future pandemics but also during other possible issues, such as natural disasters, when a developed flexible curricula could be taught face-to-face or online. The article presents an analysis of distance education in the world during a pandemic, analyzes significant changes, and implements measures in the field of education in Ukraine and around the world. The role of public and international organizations in the implementation of quarantine in the conditions of COVID-19, which partially took over the functions of state and local authorities, is emphasized. The closure of schools under COVID-19 has led to a de facto deterioration in learning outcomes, so we have analyzed the effects of distance learning and digital inequality in the world. It is shown how the COVID-19 pandemic affected access to public services in Ukraine.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.474-484
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to study literature research on the possibility of education for social justice. First, the principle and rule of education for social justice were unfolded on the basis of contents that education for social justice has to emphasize freedom, democracy, equality of opportunity, and economic growth, and has to be student-centered, collaborative, experienced, knowledged, and practical. Second, the curriculum of education for social justice were unfolded on the basis of contents that education for social justice has to emphasize skills for reading the world and skills for activism, and has to emphasize human rights, democracy, and reservation. And third, the teacher education for social justice were unfolded on the basis of contents that education for social justice has to emphasize care, justice, critique, anti-bias education, critical pedagogy, multicultural education.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.433-445
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• 2007

Digital divide comes to appear as a new factor of causing social inequality with the entry of information society. Especially, the digital divide in student class makes a worry about education inequality as the education using ICT, e-learning, and u-learning are enlarged. So, the concern about the status of digital divide in school is increasing. In this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey of students and teachers in elementary and secondary schools located in Gyeongnam, and measured informatization level with the weighted average of three subindices : accessing index, capability index, and utilization index. According to the survey, the index on information processing capability showed the largest gap in both the student group and the teacher group. We also had the result of positive correlation between the capability index and the utilization index. These results show that the gap of information processing capability is an important factor for understanding the digital divide.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.359-374
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• 2023

The main purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between the transformation of Chinese regional development policy and trends in spatial inequality in mainland China. More specifically, it has attempted to identify the effects of Chinese regional development policies on regional economic inequality by investigating the coefficient of variation and Gini coefficient with GRDP in the province level. Regional inequality in China had increased from 1979 economic reform, but has eased since the 10th Five Year Plan(2001~2005) due to large-scale state investments in the western, central and northeastern regions. However, the analysis is likely to be resulted from the national level. Trends in regional inequality are differentiated in accordance with the eastern, central, northeastern and western regions. For example, regional inequality in the central region has increased, whereas other three regions has decreased since the 10th Five Year Plan. It has played a role in cutting down regional inequality in the national level. In particular, the central region has kept inequality since the 12th Five Year Guideline. It has led to the convergence of the regional economies in the national level. It has stemmed from some limits to greater regional policies in the Central region enforced in the 11th Five Year Guideline(2005~2010).