• 제목/요약/키워드: edible mushroom

Search Result 313, Processing Time 0.029 seconds

Preparation of fermentation broth of Sparassis latifolia containing soluble β-glucan using four Lactobacillus species (수용성 β-glucan을 함유한 꽃송이버섯 발효액의 제조)

  • Jo, Han-Gyo;Choi, Moon-Hee;Shin, Hyun-Jae
    • Journal of Mushroom
    • /
    • v.13 no.1
    • /
    • pp.50-55
    • /
    • 2015
  • Glucan has been shown to have a significant role in the activation of the immune system, including increased activity of macrophages and so on. Sparassis latifolia (formerly S. crispa) is an edible mushroom abundant in dietary fiber and widely known to contain high levels of ${\beta}$-glucan. In the present study, fermentation broths containing soluble ${\beta}$-glucan were prepared by fermentation with mushrooms with four Lactobacillus species (L. plantarum subsp. Plantarum, L. acidophilus, L. helveticus, and L. delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus). After culturing four Lactobacillus spp. in MRS broth, each Lactobacillus was inoculated into MRS broth containing S. latifolia powder 5% (w/v) at $37^{\circ}C$ in an anaerobic incubator for five days. It showed that the ${\beta}$-glucan contents were different in each fermentation sample. The suitable conditions for the preparation of mushroom fermentation broths were investigated and discussed.

Development of artificial cultivation conditions on Tricholoma gigantium (왕송이버섯(Tricholoma gigantium)의 인공재배를 위한 환경조건 구명)

  • Jang, Kab-Yeul;Park, Jeong-Sik;Cheong, Jong-Chun;Kong, Won-Sik;Yoo, Young-Bok;Jhune, Chang-Sung;Sung, Jae-Mo
    • Journal of Mushroom
    • /
    • v.5 no.3_4
    • /
    • pp.98-102
    • /
    • 2007
  • Tricholoma gigantium, an edible mushroom, belongs to Tricholomataceae of Tricholoma and is distributed at Jeju-Do in Korea. It is also well-known as the medicinal mushroom in Taiwan. The cultivation method using the compost was developed in Korea in 1995. To develop a mass cultivation method and a superior strain, four strains were collected and tested. To establish the optimal cultivation conditions, various examinations were accomplished. Bag cultivation was more effective than box cultivation and the optimal relative humidity was more than 80%. Although the mycelial growth was tested in the substrate supplemented with different additives, such as rice bran and wheat bran, there's no significant difference between them. It suggested that the environmental conditions were more important than the substrate additives for cultivation.

  • PDF

Anticancer and Immunopotentiating Activities of Crude Polysaccharides from Pleurotus nebrodensis on Mouse Sarcoma 180

  • Cha, Youn Jeong;Alam, Nuhu;Lee, Jae Seong;Lee, Kyung Rim;Shim, Mi Ja;Lee, Min Woong;Kim, Hye Young;Shin, Pyung Gyun;Cheong, Jong Chun;Yoo, Young Bok;Lee, Tae Soo
    • Mycobiology
    • /
    • v.40 no.4
    • /
    • pp.236-243
    • /
    • 2012
  • Pleurotus nebrodensis is an edible and commercially available mushroom in Korea. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the anticancer and immunopotentiating activities of crude polysaccharides, extracted in methanol, neutral saline, and hot water (hereafter referred to as Fr. MeOH, Fr. NaCl, and Fr. HW, respectively) from the fruiting bodies of P. nebrodensis. ${\beta}$-Glucan and protein contents in Fr. MeOH, Fr. NaCl, and Fr. HW extracts of P. nebrodensis ranged from 23.79~36.63 g/100 g and 4.45~6.12 g/100 g, respectively. Crude polysaccharides were not cytotoxic against sarcoma 180, HT-29, NIH3T3, and RAW 264.7 cell lines at a range of $10{\sim}2,000{\mu}g/mL$. Intraperitoneal injection with crude polysaccharides resulted in a life prolongation effect of 11.76~27.06% in mice previously inoculated with sarcoma 180. Treatment with Fr. NaCl resulted in an increase in the numbers of spleen cells by 1.49 fold at the concentration of $50{\mu}g/mL$, compared with control. Fr. HW improved the immuno-potentiating activity of B lymphocytes through an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity by 1.65 fold, compared with control at $200{\mu}g/mL$. Maximum production of nitric oxide ($14.3{\mu}M$) was recorded in the Fr. NaCl fraction at $200{\mu}g/mL$. Production of tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was significantly higher, compared to control, and IL-6 production was highest, in contrast to TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, and positive control, concanavalin at the tested concentration of the various fractions. Results of the current study suggest that polysaccharides extracted from P. nebrodensis have a strong anticancer effect and may be useful as an ingredient of biopharmaceutical products for treatment of cancer.

Screening of Tyrosinase Inhibitor from Plants (Tyrosinase 활성을 저해하는 식물체의 탐색)

  • Jung, Sung-Won;Lee, Nam-Kyung;Kim, Seok-Joong;Han, Dae-Seok
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.27 no.6
    • /
    • pp.891-896
    • /
    • 1995
  • In order to screen natural inhibitor of tyrosinase which catalyzes an enzymatic browning of some foods and in vivo synthesis of melanin, inhibitory effect of 129 edible plants and 15 chemical compounds on the in vivo melanin synthesis by mushroom tyrosinase was analyzed. Among leafy vegetables tested, radish bud, red chicory, Shepherd's purse and small green onion were found to have more than 50% tyrosinase inhibition effect in the descending order. Chinese radish and garlic in root vegetables, and nameko, shiitake and oyster mushroom in mushrooms, and teas showed also more than 50% inhibition effect. Among fruit vegetables tested, red pepper, Chinese quince and avocado were found to have more than 50% tyrosinase inhibition effect, while fruits generally showed low inhibitory effect. Medicinal plants which inhibit tyrosinase more than 50% were mume fructus>cinamomi ramulus>rubi fructus>mori cortex>biotae orientalis folium>puerariae radix, and herbs with more than 50% inhibitory effect were allspice>clove>mustard. In some chemical compounds tested, 4-hexylresorcinol, L-cysteine, glutathione, sodium bisulfite and kojic acid showed powerful inhibition effect on mushroom tyrosinase.

  • PDF

Chemical Structures of the Compounds Isolated from the Edible Mushroom Sarcodon aspratus (능이버섯(Sarcodon aspratus)으로부터 분리한 저분자 화합물의 화학구조)

  • Kang, Hee-Chol;Yun, Bong-Sik;Yu, Seung-Hun;Yoo, Ick-Dog
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
    • /
    • v.43 no.4
    • /
    • pp.298-302
    • /
    • 2000
  • In our investigation on chemical constituents of edible mushrooms, seven compounds I-VII have been isolated from the methanolic extract of the fruit body of Sarcodon aspratus. The methanolic extract was separated by solvent partition, silica gel column chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and compounds I-VII were finally purified by preparative HPLC or TLC. Their structures were assigned as 4-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, cyclo(Ala-Pro), adenosine, nicotinamide, BL V, linoleic acid, respectively, on the basis of mainly $^1H\;NMR$ spectra.

  • PDF

Cloning and Characterization of Squalene Synthase (SQS) Gene from Ganoderma lucidum

  • Zhao, Ming-Wen;Liang, Wan-Qi;Zhang, Da-Bing;Wang, Nan;Wang, Chen-Guang;Pan, Ying-Jie
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    • /
    • v.17 no.7
    • /
    • pp.1106-1112
    • /
    • 2007
  • This report provides the complete nucleotide sequences of the full-length cDNA encoding squalene synthase (SQS) and its genomic DNA sequence from a triterpene-producing fungus, Ganoderma lucidum. The cDNA of the squalene synthase (SQS) (GenBank Accession Number: DQ494674) was found to contain an open reading frame (ORF) of 1,404 bp encoding a 468-amino-acid polypeptide, whereas the SQS genomic DNA sequence (GenBank Accession Number: DQ494675) consisted of 1,984 bp and contained four exons and three introns. Only one gene copy was present in the G. lucidum genome. The deduced amino acid sequence of Ganoderma lucidum squalene synthase (GI-SQS) exhibited a high homology with other fungal squalene synthase genes and contained six conserved domains. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that G. lucidum SQS belonged to the fungi SQS group, and was more closely related to the SQS of U. maydis than to those of other fungi. A gene expression analysis showed that the expression level was relatively low in mycelia incubated for 12 days, increased after 14 to 20 days of incubation, and reached a relatively high level in the mushroom primordia. Functional complementation of GI-SQS in a SQS-deficient strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae confirmed that the cloned cDNA encoded a squalene synthase.

A Study on the Amino Acid Contents of Edible Mushrooms (식용(食用)버섯류(類)의 아미노산(酸)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Pyo, Myoung-Yun;Ro, Ihl-Hyeob
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
    • /
    • v.8 no.1
    • /
    • pp.47-59
    • /
    • 1975
  • Free amino acids in extracts and total amino acids in hydrolysates of eleven species of edible mushrooms were analyzed by amino acid autoanalyzer (Technicon PNC-1 Type). All these 11 species of mushroom can be repesented for convenience sake as follows. S-1; Agaricus campestris Fr. S-2: Agaricus campestris S-3; Pholiota nameko(I. Ito) S. Ito et Imai S-4; Auricularia auricula-judae(Fr.) $Qu{\acute{e}}l$ S-5; Tremella fuciformis Berk. S-6; Tricholoma matsutake(S. Ito et Imai) Sing. S-7; Pleurotus ostreatus Fr. $Qu{\acute{e}}l$ S-8; Lentinus edodes Berk Sing. S-9; Ramaria botrytis (Pers.) Ricken S-10; Coprinus comatus(Fr.) S.F, Gray S-11; Gyrophora esculenta The results obtained from this study are as follows. 1) 17 kinds of amino acid, including 7 kinds of essential amino acid in human nutrition except tryptophan were identified and quantified. 2) Of all free amino acids contained in mushrooms, glutamic acid is the richest, and then comes Ala, Thr, Pro and Lys in that order. There were no found Cys'and His in S-9;His in S-1; Met and Arg in S-11; Cys and Met in S-5;Pro, Cys, Met, Lys and Arg in S-4. Of all total amino acids which are closely related with nutritional valuation, glutamic acid is the richest, and then comes Asp, Ala, Arg, Leu, Thr, Gly in that order. Especially S-1 and S-2 contain high quantity $o{\acute{i}}$ proline in both free and total amino acids. 3) Cotents of ammonia in extracts of mushrooms in decreasing order in S-1, S-10, S-8, S-2, S-7, S-6, and S-2, S-6, S-8, S-9, S-1 in hydrolysates of mushrooms. 4) Gross Contents of free amino acid in extracts is high in decreasing order in S-10, S-1, S-7, S-6, S-8, and total amino acid in hydrolysates is high in S-10, S-2, S-2, S-8, S-1, S-9, S-6. 5) Besides 17 kinds of amino acid, 5 kinds of unknown amino acid are found in extracts and hydrolysates.

  • PDF

Study on the Identification and Contents of New Amino Acid in Edible Mushrooms (식용(食用)버섯중(中)의 새로운 아미노산(酸)의 구명(究明))

  • Ro, Ihl-Hyeob
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
    • /
    • v.12 no.1
    • /
    • pp.31-41
    • /
    • 1979
  • Free amino acid in ethanol extracts and total amino acids in hydrolysates of eleven species of edible mushrooms were analyzed and determinated the contents five kind of new amino acid by means of amino acid autoanalyzer and gas liquid chromatography. The result obtained from this study are as follows. 1) Five kind of new amino acid turned out to be ${\alpha}$-aminobutyric acid, allo-isoleucine, ethanolamine, $\gamma$-aminobutyric acid and ornithine. 2) By means of amino acid autoanalyzer, the monoethanolamine was identified on the chromatogram ahead of alanine, ${\alpha}$-aminobutyric acid between peak of threonine and glycine, allo-isoeleucine between peak of valine and leucine, isoleucine, ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid followed by proline between peak of leucine, isoleucine and methionine and ornithine between peak of phenylalanine and tyrosine 3) By means of Gas liquid chromatography, the ${\alpha}$-aminobutyric acid was identified on the chromatogram between peaks of alanine and valine, allo-isoleucine between peaks of methionine and isoleucine, monoethanolamine followed by ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid between peaks of phenylalanine and ammonia, ornithine between the peaks of ammonia and lysine. 4) Of five amino acids which were identified, ornithine was the highest of its content in the mushroom extracts, and allo-isoleucine, ethanolamine, and ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid came next in decreasing order. 5) Also which were identified, ornithine was the highest of its content in the hydrolysates, and ${\alpha}$-aminobutyric acid, ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid, allo-isoleucine came next in decreasing order, ethanol extracts and hydrolysates of Auriculariaauricula-Judae(Fr.) $Qu\acute{e}l$ species didn't contain any of five kind of new amino acid. Ornithine also was the highest in the hydrolysates of ll mushrooms.

  • PDF

A Survey on Foods of Principal Products in Jeollabukdo Area (전라북도 지역의 주요 특산물 중 식품에 대한 조사)

  • Kim Jeong-Ok;Choi Cha-Ran;Shin Mal-Shick
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
    • /
    • v.15 no.5
    • /
    • pp.493-503
    • /
    • 2005
  • This survey was performed to investigate the distribution of specialities which cultivated importantly in Jeollabukdo area in order to understand food culture of this area. Foods in speciality were divided into 4 groups, agricultural, aquatic, animal and the others products. Total number of 93 species of specialities, including 40 species of agricultural products, 29 species of aquatic products, 8 species of animal products and 16 species of the miscellaneous products, were identified from Jeollabukdo area. Especially, there were various fruits and vegetables among agricultural products and fishes among aquatic products in this region. Rice, pepper, pear, Mandarin fish, beef, pine mushroom, lentinus edodes and honey were determined as specialities in Jeollabukdo area. Various aquatic products were specialities in Gochang, Gunsan, Buan and Gimje region. Fruits, mushrooms, wild edible greens and animal products were specialities in Muju, Jangsu, Jeongeup and Jinan. Sweet fish, cat fish and freshwater crab were caught off in Sumjin river region only such as Namwon, Sunchang and Imsil, Recently, pumpkin(Cucurbita maxima) and paprika were determined as specialities in Jeollabukdo. In case of aquatic products, mushrooms and wild edible greens, their wild type products decreased, while cultivated type increased Commercialization by brand naming of agricultural and animal products were rapidly increasing. The kinds of specialities in Jeollabukdo area were changing by the influence of geographical, religious and social factors.

  • PDF

Immunomodulating Effect of Edible Mushrooms in Mice (식용버섯의 면역조절에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Hyun-Ji;Heo, Yong;Kim, Jong-Bong
    • Journal of Life Science
    • /
    • v.21 no.4
    • /
    • pp.515-520
    • /
    • 2011
  • This study was carried out to evaluate the immunomodulatory capacity of edible mushrooms, including Lepista nuda, Corprinis comatus, Letinus edodes, and Pleurotus eryngii, in mice. BALB/c mice were administered 1, 50, and 500 mg/kg body weight of various mushrooms five times a week over 4 weeks through gastric intubation. The control mice were administered distilled water. No significant changes in body weight were observed. IL-4 and IFN${\gamma}$ production was evaluated with splenic T lymphocytes stimulated in vitro with phytohemagglutinins for 48 hr. The mice group administered L. edodes showed significantly higher ratio of IFN${\gamma}$ versus IL-4 than the other groups. In addition, the ratio of plasma IgG2a versus IgG1 was also significantly elevated in mice treated with L. edodes. However, no significant change was observed in ratio of IgG2a versus IgG1 in splenic B lymphocytes stimulated in vitro with lipopolysaccharides for 7 days. These results indicate that L. edodes can enhance type-1 helper T cell-mediated cellular immunity.