• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.131-134
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• 2021

Morbihan disease (MD) is a rare condition that involves rosaceous lymphedema or erythematous lymphedema of the middle and upper thirds of the face. It typically affects the periorbital region, forehead, glabella, nose, and cheeks. The etiology of MD remains unclear, and its diagnosis is challenging. MD often tends to be unresponsive to therapies commonly used to treat rosacea, including corticosteroids, isotretinoin, and antibiotics. Surgical treatments have therefore been attempted, but most cases showed unsatisfactory responses. These problems could have resulted from an incorrect recognition and interpretation of the pathophysiology of MD and inaccurate planning of the operation, resulting in recurrence or exacerbation of edema.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.60-81
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• 2008

This thesis is written about the causes, the processes and the treatments of edema. It consists of 31 chapters. Covering 11 chapters, there are prescriptions and constructions. When one of the organs fails to work metabolizing water, you can have edema. It is the result of the accumulation of excess fluid under the skin. Edema most commonly occurs in the head facial, the palpebral portion, the feet and legs or all the body. Sometimes it is accompanied with ascites. There are three classifications in the thesis. First, according to the cause and the symptom of disease, it is divided into 5 types. Type 1. The swelling caused by the disorder of the lungs from the troubling wind. Type 2. The swelling caused by the weak spleen. Type 3. The swelling caused by abnormal condition between the kidneys and the lungs. Type 4. The swelling in abdomen caused by the weak kidneys. Type 5. The swelling (Yellow sweat) caused by the heat inside body as water outside. Second, the swelling and the abnormal symptom of five viscera. Third, the swelling accompanied with menstruation in female and with chilliness. In short, the original textbook is showed that the treatment of edema focuses on the cause and the region of fluid accumulation. When the swelling is in the upper body or the cause of diseaseis outside, the useless humidity can be expelled through sweating. On the other hand, when the swelling is in the lower body or the cause of disease is inside, it is pushed out by urination. In this book, the author presents further treatments. And these treatments are often cited by doctors after ages. Even one of them suggested that the swelling be divided by cosmic dual forces. In spite of many researches, it is too complicate for us to understand the writer’s intend. For that reason, comparing with other medical books and referring to guides explained by doctors, I have studied the textbook to help understand.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.341-362
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• 2018

Objective : This study's purpose was to review the clinical studies of Oryeong-San. Method : We searched papers about Oryeong-San using KISS, KTKP, PUBMED, Embase, Science Direct, and the key words "Goreisan", "Goreito", "Wu Ling San", "Oryeongsan", "Poria Five Powder" were used. Papers not matched with inclusion criteria were excluded. Results : Until today, there have been 133 studies on the effects of head diseases, urinary system diseases, edema, and other various effects of Oryeong-San. Of these, 23 studies were classified as clinical research papers. There were 8 cases of head diseases, 5 cases of urinary system diseases, 3 cases of edema, 2 cases of adjuvant, 1 case of Dysmenorrhea, 1 case of Primary Hypertension, 1 case of Primary Insomnia, 1 case of hydrocele, 1 case of side effects causing TINU syndrome. Conclusion : It can be seen that Oryeong-San has established the basis for application to the purpose of head disease(chronic subdural hematoma, hydrocephalus, hearing loss), urinary system disease(stone, urinary tract infection), edema, adjuvant, other hypertension and insomnia. On the other hand, considering one case that causes side effect of TINU syndrome, caution should be exercised when observing the progress of the patient taking the Oryeong-San.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.128-136
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• 1990

I Studied some important medical literatures inorder to examine the cause & syndrome of diffuse fluid-retention syndrome and found out some facts as follows ; 1. cause of diffuse fluid-retention syndrome is Hwang Je Nae Kyong(黃帝內經) and so forth six kinds of medicine books are reffered sudden thirst of intestin and stomark cause of disease Golden chamber(金?要略) and so forth fifteen kinds of medicine books are reffered fluid water promote obscesses atributide at four extrenities and unable hidrosis cause of disease Elementary cause for medicine(醫學入門) and so forth kinds of book medicine books are reffered water in four extrenities cause of disease. The classified Medical Records of Famous physicians(名醫類安) reffered rest at wetness earthly cause of disease. 2. syndrome of diffuse fluid-retention syndrome is Golden chamber and so forth nineteen kinds of medicine books are reffered compression and pain of body syndrome of disease. Hwang Je Nae Kyong(黃帝內經) and so forth seven kinds of medicine books are reffered pulse ; the liver-pulse is soft and powder syndrome of disease. The classified Medical Records of Famous physicians(名醫類安) and so forth two kinds at medicine book are reffered general syndrome of disease. Today is reffered edema of four extremites syndrome of disease. The cause & syndrome of diffuse fluid-retention syndrome obtained was as follows ; cause of diffuse fluid-retention syndrome is fluid water promote abscess attributide at four extremities and unable hidrosis and compression and pain body is main syndrome and hyperhidrosis, vertigo, edema of four extremities alternating episodes of chills and fever can guan pulse is sunken and slippery and both chi wiry are represented syndrome of diffuse fluid-retention syndrome.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.124-135
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• 2007

Backgrounds : Scutellaria baicalensis has been used as a medicinal plant to treat various disease conditions accompanying inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Objectives : The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of Scutellaria baicalensis against inflammatory, pain and edema Methods : In vitro, the effects of Scutellaria baicalensis against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation were investigated in mouse BV2 microglial cells. In vivo, the effects of Scutellaria baicalensis on acetic acid-induced writhing response, carrageenan-induced edema and the plantar test (nociceptive thermal stimulation) were investigated using rats and mice. Results : The present results showed that pre-treatment with the aqueous extract of Scutellaria baicalensis suppressed the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cyclooxygenase-2 expressions in mouse BV2 microglial cells. The aqueous extract of Scutellaria baicalensis inhibited acetic acid-induced abdominal pain in mice and also reduced thermal pain in rats. However, no significant inhibition on carrageenan-induced edema in rats. Conclusions : The present study showed that Scutellaria baicalensis possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.85 no.2
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• pp.381-393
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• 2024

Purpose Metabolic abnormalities in hepatic encephalopathy (HE) cause brain edema or demyelinating disease, resulting in symmetric regional cerebral edema (SRCE) on MRI. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of the clustering analysis of SRCE in predicting the development of brain failure. Materials and Methods MR findings and clinical data of 98 consecutive patients with HE were retrospectively analyzed. The correlation between the 12 regions of SRCE was calculated using the phi (φ) coefficient, and the pattern was classified using hierarchical clustering using the φ² distance measure and Ward's method. The classified patterns of SRCE were correlated with clinical parameters such as the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score and HE grade. Results Significant associations were found between 22 pairs of regions of interest, including the red nucleus and corpus callosum (φ = 0.81, p < 0.001), crus cerebri and red nucleus (φ = 0.72, p < 0.001), and red nucleus and dentate nucleus (φ = 0.66, p < 0.001). After hierarchical clustering, 24 cases were classified into Group I, 35 into Group II, and 39 into Group III. Group III had a higher MELD score (p = 0.04) and HE grade (p = 0.002) than Group I. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that the SRCE patterns can be useful in predicting hepatic preservation and the occurrence of cerebral failure in HE.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.325-334
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• 2023

Edema disease (ED) in pigs is enterotoxemia caused by Shiga toxin type 2e (Stx2e)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and frequently occurs in young piglets. Therefore, ED causes enormous economic losses in pig farms. In this study, a modified Stx2e (mStx2e) antigen was expressed and purified using commercial E. coli expression system. Monoclonal antibody was serviced by Ynto Ab Inc., using Phage Display Technique. Anti-Stx2e antibodies in piglets were measured by indirect ELISA using mStx2e antigens. Naive Stx2e in piglets were detected by Sandwich ELISA using Stx2e-monoclonal antibodies and commercial Stx2e-polyclonal antibodies. Among 3,480 piglets, anti-Stx2e antibodies were observed in 2,573 piglets. The 49.4% among 830 piglet serum samples possessed 0.625 ㎍/mL or more of Stx2e proteins. The 18.3% of 830 sera had 0.313 ㎍/mL of Stx2e proteins. The 32.3% of 830 samples held 0.156 ㎍/mL or less of Stx2e proteins. These results show that indirect ELISA using mStx2e antigen and Sandwich ELISA using Stx2e-monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies can be useful to detect ED in piglets.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.369-374
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• 1995

Aujeszky's disease virus(ADV) was inoculated intranasally into the Korean native goats to investigate pathological findings and pathogenesis of ADV infection by using of histological and immunohistochemical methods and in situ hybridization(ISH). Clinical signs of salvation, pyrexia, pruritus and staggering were followed by death with five days after inoculation, Pathoanatomical findings were edema of the lung and the urinary bladder with hemorrhage and congestion, petechial hemorrhages on the endo-and epicardium, renal congestion, moderate splenomegaly and cystic edema. Main microsocpic lesions observed in all infected goats were confined to the CNS and charcterized by perivascular cuffing with lymphocytes and macrophages, focal gliosis, neuronal degeneration and necrosis, and intranuclear inclusion bodies in the neurons and glial cells. Positive reactions to ADV were detected more frequently in the nuclei than in the cytoplasms of infected nerve cells in the CNS by immunohistochemistry and ISH. Frequenctly localized sites of ADV in the CNS were olfactory bulb, prietal cortex, callosal sulcus and corpus callosum. Positive reactions were also detected in the tonsillar epithelium, and alveolar macrophage and sloughed epithelium of the lung.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.225-239
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• 2000

Pulmonary edema is a disease involving the principal symptoms: dyspnea, bloody phlegm, asthma, cough, etc. According to oriental medical references, Jeomglyukdaejosapaetang (J.D.T) was efficacious for dropsy, cough, dysnea, etc, so it was thought to be used for remedy of pulmonary edema. Therefore experimental study was performed to investigate the effects of J.C.T on pulmonary edema of the rats induced by the herbicide, paraquat.Thus the survival rats, respiratory rats, lung weights and histopathological view of the lungs of rats were studied. The results are as follows. 1. The survival rates at 72hours of the rats injected with paraquat and treated with J.D.T increased in B group(J.D.T + Cortex Lycii Radicis + Cortex mori). The others were not different with the control. 2. The respiratory rates of the rats which survived 72hours later significantly decreased in B group(J.D.T + Cortex Lycii Radicis + Cortex mori). 3. The lung weights of the rats which survived for 72hours later significantly decreased in B group(J.B.T + Cortex Lycii Radicis + Cortex mori). 4. The histopathological views of the lungs of rats induced by paraquat were seen severe hemorrhage, edema and some broken alveoli in control group. But B group(J.D.T + Cortex Lycii Radicis + Cortex mori) were seen little hemorrhage and interstitial hyperplasia. According to the above results, J.D.T + Cortex Lycii Radicis + Cortex mort is effective on the remedy for pulmonary edema of rats induced by paraquat.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.178-182
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• 2006

Pulmonary edema is a well known phenomenon in medicine, physical findings indicative of this condition include frothy pink sputum, dispnea, and chest X-ray may present cephalization of vessels, perihilar edema, or diffused increase of density. It is one of the most serious, life threatening situation and should be diagnosed and managed instantly. Early diagnosis and intensive treatment are mandatory in order to effectively resolve the situation. The most common etiology for this pathology is cardiogenic, such as left ventricular failure and valvular disease. The one following is noncardiogenic, such as transfusion, infectious pneumonia, inhaled toxins, shock lung in association with trauma. Other forms of pulmonary edema which have not been clearly explained result from pulmonary embolism, drug overdose, after anesthesia, epinephrine overdose, exposure to high altitude, neurogenic, etc. We experienced two cases of pulmonary edema during two jaw surgeries(Le Fort I Osteotomy & BSSRO). These patients were young and physically healthy individuals on preoperative evaluation. Thus we report and discuss the etiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment with journals review.