• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.643-661
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• 2015

Korea Teachers Pension (private school pension) is a mandatory pension and a social security system for private school teachers to ensure the stability of subscribers by a supplying pension when they (and their dependents) face future economic risk due to retirement or death. Therefore, the Teachers Pension must provide stability and sustainability in regards to adequacy of income and to function as a pension. However, the Government Employees Pension System (GEPS) of Korea (the most representative special occupation pension) recorded a fiscal deficit in 2001 and with an accumulated deficit that is expected to grow; subsequently, various plans for the reform of GEPS have been actively discussed. The Korea Teachers Pension system is based on the GEPS scheme and is not free from the GEPS discussions on reforms of national pension. The current system for the Teachers Pension needs to be improved because it is expected to be depleted within the next 30 years due to low fertility and an aging population in Korea. This study discusses existing Teachers Pension schemes problems and suggests a projection method and revised plans to improve it. We use long-term financial projections of the Teachers Pension to estimate the fund exhaustion point and the minus balance of the financial scale as well as analyze the supply-demand burden structure that reflects the future population structure to propose Teachers Pension reforms that will improve stability and adequacy.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.225-238
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to examine public health nurses for their morale, test the effect of each factor on the morale, determine the variables affecting the morale, and thereby, provide for some basic data useful to the development of personnel affair administration for nurses. The survey on the nurses for public health centers was conducted for 10 days from April 23 to May 2, 2001; 96 nurses from Pusan, 101 from Kyonggi-do and 108 from Kangwon-do. The results of the study are as follows; 1. For the demographic variables, those aged between 31 and 39 accounted for the majority $(50.2\%)$ of the sample. $90.8\%$ was married, and $67.9\%$ of the sample graduated from junior colleges. $29.6\%$ of them had worked for 10-14 years and $62.5\%$ was of the seventh rank. $62.3\%$ of the nurses was recruited, and $59.4\%$ had chosen the public job for its guaranteed status. Half the nurses were working for the county population of which was more than 260 thousands, and $53\%$ of the nurses was serving the public health centers with 11-15 members. $47.3\%$ of them perceived that their living standard is middle or lower. 2. The degree of the moral was found as mean score. 2.65, which is interpreted as low. It has 11 factors. The rank of mean score of the factors is job satisfaction (3.36), sense of belonging (3.36), sense of recognition (3.30), stress due to supervision (3.13), degree of participation (3.05) and self-achievement (3.04), while those scoring lower points were assurance of status (2.58), pay level (2.53), working conditions (2.35) and promotion opportunity (2.31). 3. The degree of moral depending on the demographic variables was significantly affected by such variables as age. academic background, career, rank, employment method, motive for the job, size of the population served and living standards. 4. The result of the Stepwise multiple regression analysis for the morale factors, it was found that self-achievement accounted for $61\%$ of the total variance of the degree of morale, followed by stable status $(18\%)$, working conditions $(8\%)$, job requirements $(4\%)$ and promotion opportunities $(2\%)$; these five factors explained about $94.6\%$ of total variance of the degree of nurses' morale. On the other hand. age $(8\%)$ and academic background $(2\%)$ accounted for $10\%$ of the total variance of the degree of morale. 5. The factors affecting nurses' job life was economic need $(26.7\%)$, personnel management $(17.5\%)$, sense of recognition $(13.2\%)$, human relationship $(11.0\%)$, stable status and personal development in rank. On the other hand, the factors influencing on their possible resignation were children's bringing-up $(27.8\%)$, poor personnel management and promotion $(13.3\%)$, workload $(11.1\%)$ and little personal development $(8.9\%)$, Since such morale factors as promotion opportunity, working condition. pay level and stable status scored lower, it is required to reconsider those factors to improve nurses' morale.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.19 no.1 s.43
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• pp.15-33
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to find the effect of improvement in student's learning attitude when applying portfolio, which is one of the ways for the performance's assessment suggested as an alternative of traditional assessment for the instruction of Home Economics subject. The results of this study were as follows; 1. We have developed the Portfolio materials; teaching and learning plans, the paper of activities of the class, materials of the instructions, and assessment materials from the instruction of total 13 times in the unit of 'making short pants'. 2. The instruction,'Making short pants' with applying portfolio, is very effective in terms of changing student's learning attitude positively - pride, self-confidence, interest, conscience of purpose, motivation for achievement, focus surroundings, self-study, friendship among classmate and etc. 3. The result of analyzing students 'thoughts shows that the majority over 90% of the students showed the positive attitude toward applied portfolio instruction. Here are the reasons that 'it's helpful to study', 'it can be focused better on the instruction', 'it give them satisfaction and couidence' and 'it can be increased abilities studying by oneself'. on the other hand, the negative side of the instruction applied portfolio is that it requires too much time to prepare portfolio materials. there is pressure because of a lot of assignments to do. Based on this result, we are expecting to increase student's interest in the middle school class of Technology and Home Economic and also to achieve development of the method of teaching and learning to enhance student's learning attitude.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.15-36
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• 1996

It is clear that the women's participation in social activity is dramatically increased in civilian field as well as military profession. Because of the characteristics of military nursing service, there are many difficulties. Frequent move, medical insurance, baby care. and the education are typical forms of difficulties for nurse officers in the military. The purpose of this research is to contribute to the perfect execution of nursing service. guarantee the active attitude for research and improve the combat strength by solving those private and economic problems. The method of research was analysis of question survey and the review of related literatures. The subject of research was 300 active nurse officers who work at the Army Hospitals. The survey was conducted 14 days from Oct 15 to Oct 28. The collected data was processed by computer using SPSS(Statistical Package of Social Science). Frequencies and percentages were used to examine the demographic characteristics of subject, and T-test was also used in the case of necessity. The result showed as follows; As the general characteristics of subject group; 28.7 years of average age, 73.6 months of service period, 63.4% of married. In regard of specialty; General 57.7%. Intensive Care 12.7% and Psychiatries 8.8%. The dissatisfactory factors about military welfare system were the difficulties in children education (36.9%). disadvantages on the civil medical insurance system (27.3%), and little chance of self education and development (21.5%). The problems in performing their duties were shown as dwelling instability due to frequent move (67.7%), and bring up children (14.2%). The reasons for resigning their job were shown as the instability of living status (64.2%), bring up children (18.8%) and dissatisfaction to the service (11.2%). The residential status was shown that military offered houses (45.2%), rental houses (29.3%) and own houses(14.64). The average numbers of moving residencies were; 3-4 time(34.6%), less than 2 times(33.1%), and 5-7 times(21.5%). Higher than 94.7% of the subject group spent more than 50.000 Won. In regard of education, they wanted to attend graduate school with their own expense(26.2%), computer science(20%) and Office Job Training(20%). The ways of taking care of children were mother-in-low(49.6%), mother(14.6%), and others(25%). The average expenditure per month for children were 20-30 hundred Won(44.2%), 10-20 hundred Won(25%) and 30-40 hundred Won(22.3%). The places of children care selected were public or occupational care center(56.2%), religious organization(20.8%), and other center managed by social organizations(10.4%). The result of survey for general welfare of nurse officers are as follows; By and large they seem to be satisfied with their job. however. there are some dissatisfactory factors. They are children care facilties, promotion. income. welfare facilities. disadvantage in medical insurance and civil hospitals. house purchase. unfair chances in specialty training. influence on promotion by educational status. and insufficient role for their children and husbands. As conclusion. the recommendations for improving nursing service are as follows; 1. Children care center managed by occupation 2. Dormitory system for children by military personnel 3. Equal opportunities in education according to ability 4. Reasonable moving price according to the distance and scope of family and extra allowance

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 2020

As the entrepreneurial ecosystem turns out to be a leading factor in improving nation's entrepreneurship, many studies are underway in the country to develop the start-up ecosystem. Although the entrepreneurial ecosystem is receiving attention as an essential factor for the nation's economic growth as well as entrepreneurship due to its inter-relationship with start-ups, government agencies and investors, criticism of measurement indicators has been increasing due to the different institutional and political contexts of each country, including the various definition of start-up ecosystem. In this study, we develop indicators that are suitable for domestic conditions in Korea and that can measure the level of start-up ecosystems in each regional level. FGI and Delphi surveys by scholarly experts in each field of start-ups & entrepreneurship were conducted to verify how well existing indicators fit the domestic situation and to develop indicators that can measure the local entrepreneurial ecosystem in Korea through close examination. As a result, the local entrepreneurial ecosystem consisted of three to four sub-components and 38 sub-components, each consisting of seven indicators, including Policy, Investment, Culture, Market, Human Capital, Support and Knowledge. It is expected that this research will be used to diagnose local start-up ecosystems and to propose discriminatory policies that can complement regional strengths and weaknesses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.10 no.2 s.21
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• pp.7-15
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• 2004

To maintain and improve seafarers oral health, I investigated and analyzed the oral health status of seafarers: who are safety training at Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology located in Busan. The results of the investigation and analysis are as follows: Two times of brushing teeth a day occupied $51.0\%$ the largest percentage, mixed brushing method was the highest as $39.0\%$, $64.2\% of respondents have recieved teeth scaling. Two or three of times snack intake per day occupied $62.6\%$ the largest percentage. Based on the objects' answer on oral status, the persons answered that my oral status is 'good' $25.9\%$ 'bad' $38.3\%$ occupied The persons with a decayed tooth occupied $78.1\%$ and as for the subjective symptoms of oral disease, $25.6\%$ of respondents answered that I felt sensitivity. Intraoral discomfortable symptoms in the respect of each age, under forty age had dental decay, over forty age had sensitivity of teeth. The more has a intake snack, the more has an oral disease and oral decayed tooth. As a whole of the above results in order to control oral health of the seafarers reasonably, time and economic limiting factors must be solved in the first. In planning oral health education, practicability should be emphasized especially.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.1689-1695
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• 2008

Leptin, the hormone product of the obese gene, is secreted predominately from white adipose tissue and regulates feed intake, energy metabolism and body composition. It has been considered a candidate gene for performance, carcass and meat quality traits in beef cattle. The objective of this study was to identify SNPs in the promoter region of the leptin gene and to evaluate the possible association of the SNP genotypes with carcass and meat quality traits in Korean cattle. We identified a total of 25 SNPs in the promoter region (1,208-3,049 bp upstream from the transcription start site) of the leptin gene, eleven (g.1508C>G, g.1540G>A, g.1545G>A, g.1551C>T, g.1746T>G, g.1798ins(G), g.1932del(T), g.1933del(T), g.1934del(T), g.1993C>T and g.2033C>T) of which have not been reported previously. Their sequences were deposited in GenBank database with accession number DQ202319. Genotyping of the SNPs located at positions g.2418C>G and g.2423G>A within the promoter region was performed by direct sequencing and PCR-SSCP method to investigate the effects of SNP genotypes on carcass and meat quality traits in Korean cattle. The SNP and SSCP genotypes from the two mutations of the leptin promoter were shown to be associated with the BF trait. The average BF value of animals with heterozygous SNP genotype was significantly greater than that of animals with the homozygous SNP genotypes for the g.2418C>G and g.2423G>A SNPs (p<0.05). Analysis of the combined genotype effect in both SNPs showed that animals with the AC SSCP genotype had higher BF value than animals with BB or AA SSCP genotypes (p<0.05). These results suggest that SNP of the leptin promoter region may be useful markers for selection of economic traits in Korean cattle.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.22-28
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• 2015

The design on a riser in 1MW OTEC system is performed. The minimum diameter of the riser is decided depending on intake quantity of deep-sea water to supply an OTEC cycle. An applicable pipe material is selected from analyzing the properties of commercial pipes. The selected HDPE pipe with the low density and strength is reinforced with a lumped block attached at the end of and wire ropes along the riser. A lumped block, connected to a floating structure by wire ropes, with 25% and 50% weight of a GFRP riser is designed to be attached the end of a riser. The structural safety of the HDPE riser with wire rope supporting axial loads induced by a lumped block is analyzed under the harsh ocean environmental condition near Hawaii ocean with the numerical method. The final dimension of the riser and accessories is determined considering the economic point of view. The designed riser will be applicable to the construction of the 1 MW OTEC pilot plant.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.699-708
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• 2017

The service industry, as a new growth engine, has become more important in response to changes in the global economy and the industrial environment. Developed countries have promoted the competitiveness of the service industry and have enhanced economic added value. Developing new services requires extensive resources. Therefore, cooperation and network building capabilities with customers, suppliers, and various knowledge creation agencies are critical sources of competitiveness. This study classified the Korean service industry by industrial type in order to enhance innovation competence.The Korean service industry lags behind that of developed countries, and this study analyzed the differences of innovation results according to collaboration partners by the classified industry. By adopting a method that applies industrial classification by Dialogic's innovation pattern, this study showed external cooperation results were different by industrial type. Analysis results revealed that companies cooperate with customers and competitors in many cases; however, product innovation was higher for companies that collaborated with private service companies. In the 'Innovation in services' industry, industry cooperation with universities showed organizational innovation achievements. In the 'Innovation through services' industry, cooperation with customers positively affected marketing innovation achievements. Consequently, the need to foster consulting firms and universities that can professionally collaborate with companies is implied in order to enhance the Korean service industry.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.43-48
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• 2004

The development of the traffic system has brought relative reduction in aspect of the cost and time distance on the geographical space. SOC(social overhead capital), an express highway and railroad, has a great and absolute effect on the prosperity of community, As Mokpo is one of the community under the influence q West costal highway express and KTX(Korea Train Express), the number of the tourists visiting city of port like Mokpo has increasing gradually, especially at the high-demand season(in Summer). But the coastal passenger boot can't be capable of customers arriving at the port. As a result of this situation, the 'balking' occurs. No 'balking', means the jam of road. In this thesis, by understanding the concept and property of ARENA and simulating operation of coastal passenger boot at Mokpo port, intends to analyze the truth of 'balking' and finds an effective operation method of coastal passenger boot for the solution to the traffic jam. The solution to the jam in the vicinity of port of Mokpo, which try to develop tourism package commodity now, will present the effect of qualitative analysis in giving an opportunity of economic growth of the community, Mokpo.