• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.67-72
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• 2022

Ecological research relies on the interpretation of large amounts of visual data obtained from extensive wildlife surveys, but such large-scale image interpretation is costly and time-consuming. Using an artificial intelligence (AI) machine learning model, especially convolution neural networks (CNN), it is possible to streamline these manual tasks on image information and to protect wildlife and record and predict behavior. Ecological research using deep-learning-based object recognition technology includes various research purposes such as identifying, detecting, and identifying species of wild animals, and identification of the location of poachers in real-time. These advances in the application of AI technology can enable efficient management of endangered wildlife, animal detection in various environments, and real-time analysis of image information collected by unmanned aerial vehicles. Furthermore, the need for school education and social use on biodiversity and environmental issues using AI is raised. School education and citizen science related to ecological activities using AI technology can enhance environmental awareness, and strengthen more knowledge and problem-solving skills in science and research processes. Under these prospects, in this paper, we compare the results of our early 2013 study, which automatically identified African cichlid fish species using photographic data of them, with the results of reanalysis by CNN deep learning method. By using PyTorch and PyTorch Lightning frameworks, we achieve an accuracy of 82.54% and an F1-score of 0.77 with minimal programming and data preprocessing effort. This is a significant improvement over the previous our machine learning methods, which required heavy feature engineering costs and had 78% accuracy.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.331-340
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• 2003

This paper presents a case study of the student's culture as a component of conceptual ecology that affects discussions and discourses in the science classroom. The present study was conducted using a naturalistic approach, mainly through observing a science class of a middle school in Seoul, Korea, and through semistructured interviews. The case showed that the science classroom culture can be identified in four aspects: (1) knowledge; (2) the teacher; (3) classmates; and (4) self. These cultural aspects were strongly related to each other and functioned as constraints in discussions and discourses of the science classroom. For successful discussions and discourses, it is necessary to consider students' cultural aspects: epistemological views on knowledge, the teacher-student and student-student relationships, and the role of self in the discussions and discourses.

• ALGAE
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.349-375
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• 2006

The application of modern ecological, ultrastructural and molecular methods, aided by the cultivation of numerous cyanobacterial morphotypes, has substantially changed our knowledge of these organisms. It has led to major advances in cyanobacterial taxonomy and criteria for their phylogenetic classification. Molecular data provide basic criteria for cyanobacterial taxonomy; however, a correct phylogenetic system cannot be constructed without combining genetic data with knowledge from the previous 150 years research of cyanobacterial diversity. Thus, studies of morphological variation in nature, and modern morphological, ultrastructural, ecophysiological and biochemical characters need to be combined in a “polyphasic” approach. Taxonomic concepts for generic and infrageneric ranks are re-evaluated in light of combined phenotypic and molecular criteria. Despite their usefulness in experimental studies, the limitations of using strains from culture collections for systematic and nomenclatural purposes is highlighted. The need for a continual revision of strain identification and proper nomenclatural practice associated with either the bacteriological or botanical codes is emphasized. Recent advances in taxonomy are highlighted in the context of prospects for understanding cyanobacterial diversity from natural habitats, and the evolutionary and adaptational processes that cyanobacteria undergo.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.17-28
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• 2004

This research explored parenting education programs for be college students and adolescent workers, and it was focused on determining whether different parenting education programs were needed for college students and adolescent workers. The participants were 254 college students in Suncheon and 135 adolescent industrial workers in Ulsan. Data were gathered via questionnaires and two-way ANOVA analyses of parenting effectiveness by sex and social status(college student, versus adolescent industrial worker), and by age and social status were performed. There were no significant differences based on sex, age, or social status, and no interaction effect. However, there were significant differences in adolescents' parenting effectiveness depending on childhood parenting experiences, parenting knowledge, and parenting education program experience. Among the predictors(sex, age, social status, childhood parenting experience, parenting knowledge, and parent education experiences) adolescents' childhood parenting experiences was the strongest variable for predicting parenting effectiveness. In this regard, the results confirmed Bronfenbrenner's Ecological System's Theory that family influences children's belief systems about parenting effectiveness in the microsystem. Furthermore, the results indicate that a different parenting education program is not needed for college students and adolescent industrial workers, respectively; instead, a more comprehensive parenting education program for all adolescents - regardless of social status is needed. And based on the present study's results, the importance of child development knowledge, and parent-child relationships in parenting education programs was also confirmed. From a broader social perspective, all adolescents are encouraged to participate in parenting education programs.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.90-100
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• 2004

This study has the goal to modify ‘Investigating and Evaluating Environmental Issues and Actions’(IEEIA) instruction in the sense of Korean ecological sociocultural characteristics and ‘ecology and environment' curriculum and to assess the effects of modified IEEIA instruction on responsible environmental behavior and associated variables in high school student. A modified pre- and post-test nonequivalent control group design was utilized with 4 intact classes from J-high school at Seo-cheon, Chungcheongnamdo. Pre- and post-test data were collected on the following variables: responsible environmental behavior, knowledge of and skill in using environmental actions strategies, in-depth knowledge about issues, and locus of control. Analysis of t-test was used to compare pretest with posttest means of treatment group and control group. In treatment group, statistically significant differences between pretest and posttest were found with all variables. The treatment was found to be more effective than the control in increasing the variables of responsible environmental behavior, knowledge of and skill in using environmental actions strategies, and locus of control.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.909-916
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• 2021

The purpose of the research to analyze SMEs' technological innovation performance in the Special Region of Yogyakarta based on green supply chains. This study's technology innovation performance is influenced by environmental management practices, green supply chain integration, and supply chain knowledge-sharing. This research is important because many SMEs are underdeveloped in terms of technology innovation performance. Technology innovation performance shows that innovation has a multi-dimensional ecological performance in organizations. Therefore, SMEs' sustainable supply chain could be achieved by managing operations, support, and information by focusing on environmental and social issues to maximize the entire chain. This study used primary data. The number of respondents in this study was 200 SMEs that have implemented green supply chain management practices. The data collection method used was a questionnaire. The data analysis technique tool used is a two-step approach to SEM-AMOS. The results of this study indicate that SMEs are willing to implement a green supply chain to increase their performance. The technological innovation performance model of this study is acceptable. The findings of this research suggest that companies must be encouraged to maintain and increase the implementation of green supply chain integration and better supply chain knowledge-sharing with improved technological innovation performance enhancements.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.331-339
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• 2022

The global process of transition from industrial to information society, as well as socio-economic changes taking place in Ukraine, require significant changes in many areas of state activity. It is especially connected with the reforms in the sphere of education. Today, national programs provide for the development of education on the basis of new progressive concepts, the introduction of the educational process of new pedagogical technologies and scientific achievements, the creation of a new system of information education, entrance of Ukaine into the transcontinental computer information system. Information technologies are qualitatively changing the key resources of development: this is no longer a space with fixed production, but primarily mobile finance and intelligence. They have a direct impact on the formation of personal growth, professional content and self-organization, emotional and psychological maturity and consciousness, and so on. One of the main factors in ensuring the stability and social education of the country's citizens is the culture of security, the formation and development of which is an urgent problem today. Comprehensive and systematic development of security culture will significantly increase the readiness of the population, the level of environmental, labor and patriotic education, reduce human losses, material damage from emergencies. Ecological education can be carried out more successfully only gradually and in accordance with the socio-psychological periods of one's development: kindergarten - school - college - university. The creation of such a system of environmental education should be enshrined as the basis of state environmental policy as a constitutional norm with the usage of information technology. Graduates of universities, who are the future of our country, after mastering the skills of basic environmental education must have a high level of environmental culture, which is, in turn, part of general human culture, and investigate environmental issues from the standpoint of their profession. It is known that with the help of environmental education the collective intelligence of society is formed, which can predict human activities and processes occurring in nature, and in some way to help with the elimination of crises. It is through environmental education that another system of human values is being formed, which places great emphasis on intangible wealth and solidarity, and great responsibility of humanity for the ecological state of the native country; provides a higher standard of living as a result of sustainable development, through the introduction of information technology in this system. To improve the quality of life, we need better knowledge, which must be implemented through information technology at the international level.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 1978

The study was made to expand the knowledge of the ecology of Cobitis koreensis which is very common in the upper and middle part of rivers in western part of Korea. A number of C. koreensis are found in the creek of Jeonju-cheon located at Segjang-ri, Wanju-gun, Jeonrabug-do Province. The area studied has pebble bottoms. The flow velocity of the river ranges from 20cm to 40cm per second under normal conditions. The sex ratio of male to female was 1:1.34 and the female was 10~25mm larger than the male in total length. Length-frequencies in this population indicate that 20~40 mm fish group is underyearling, 40~60mm is a yearling, and 60~85mm is two-year-old. And the fish longer than 90mm in total length is regarded as being over three-year-old. Based on the ratio of gonadal weight to body weight, spawning in this species began in April and expanded well into June with water temperature 20~26。C, and the individuals became sexually mature over the two-year-old. The number of the eggs was counted from ten matured female fishes. The mean number of eggs in seven 72.6~81.4mm fishes was 908 (595-1, 229) and that of the rest three 86.0~89.0mm was 1, 674 (1, 337-2, 023). The contents of stomach in the other fifteen specimens captured in September 1977 were investigated. While the younger fed almost on the algae, the foods in the adult were largely aquatic insects.

• Mycobiology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.205-209
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• 2001

The Korean sawmills have recently recognized the importance of prevention of fungal discoloration due to increased losses in revenue. Before establishing integrated control strategies of fungal discoloration, more complete knowledge about causal organisms is needed. As a first step, we initiated a through survey of fungi colonizing commercially important softwood(Pinus dens flora, Pinus koraiensis, and Pinus radiata) logs and lumber in Korea. In this paper we report results obtained from Japanese red pine(Pinus densiflora) log study. In summer 2000, fungi were isolated from Japanese red pine logs in storage, and identified based on their cultural and morphological characteristics. A total of 595 fungi were isolated, representing 21 genera and 30 species. Mold fungi, mostly Trichoderma species, were the most frequently isolating fungi, representing more than half of all isolates. Dematiaceous fungi represented approximately one fifth of the isolates, and Rhinocladiella atorvirens was the most abundant in all samples. Opiostoma species represented 7% of all isolates from cores planted on malt extract agar(MEA) and the incidence of these species doubled with the addition of streptomycin and cycloheximide to MEA. The results indicate that Japanese red pine sapwood is susceptible to colonization by a variety of fungal species. As a result, control strategies that concentrate on one fungus may have limited success because of interference from competing flora.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.87-91
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• 2008

In this study, three different sizes of cerium oxide ($CeO_2$) nanoparticles were synthesized and exposed to Caenorhabditis elegans to investigate the potential harmful effect of $CeO_2$ nanoparticles on the environment. The effects of the $CeO_2$ nanoparticles on C. elegans were assessed at multiple levels, such as with respect to stress response gene expression, growth, reproduction and mortality. Moreover, to test the ecotoxicological relevance of $CeO_2$-induced gene expression. The overall results suggest that $CeO_2$ nanoparticles may provoke ecotoxicity in C. elegans especially with respect to gene expression, reproduction and survival, which can comprise an important contribution to knowledge on the ecotoxicity of $CeO_2$ nanoparticles, about which little data are available. This is particularly valuable in the biomarker research on ecotoxicology, as ecological relevance is a crucial criterion for the applicability of the biomarker in field biomonitoring and ecological risk assessment.