• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2004년도 학술발표회
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• pp.134-147
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• 2004

Theses days, there are 3 prerequisites for dam building in Korea: First one is how to build the dam safe and stable from the technical points of view. Second one is how to design and construct the dam environmentally sound with the minimum change of the surrounding area of the dam site. Third one is how to activate the local economy of the surrounding area of the dam site in order to make the dam construction sustainable from the social and economical points of view. As far as technical aspects far dam building, there are hardly any problems in dam design and construction in our country. However, there are a little difficulty according to the location of the dam site. In order to fulfill the second option it is believed that a lot of effort should be made to accomplish the second task not only because that fairly large area shall be inundated with water after impounding but also because that ecological environments shall be changed due to change of water environment. Therefore, thoughtful investigation and assessment of the environmental features of the local regions have to be preceded before starting of the dam building. In order to overcome these difficulties Hantan river dam has been declared as an Eco-dam with 3 strategies and 9 activities plan at the design stage after sufficient consideration of the local identities of these region and coupled national plans for surrounding areas. Finally, Eco-tourism with the several coupled network-wise touristic courses, namely PERTH model, has been proposed after thorough analysis of the local identities by the Jahari window to make local economy being activated. Detailed descriptions for 3 strategies and 9 activities plan for declaration of Eco-dam and proposal of Eco-tourism with the network-wise touristic courses will be mentioned in the main content.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2017년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.236-236
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• 2017

Effluent treated by an NaDCC injection method in Ballast water management system (BWMS) contains reactive chlorine species and disinfection by-products (DBPs). In this study, we conducted whole effluent toxicity (WET) testing and ecological risk assessment (ERA) to investigate its ecotoxicological effects on marine environment. WET testing was carried out for four marine pelagic and freshwater organisms, i.e., diatom Skeletonema costatum, Navicula pellicuosa, chlorophyta Dunaliella tertiolecta, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, rotifer Brachionus plicatilis, Brachionus calyciflorus and fish Cyprinodon variegatus, Pimephales promelas. The biological toxicity test revealed that algae was the only biota that showed apparent toxicity to the effluent; it showed no observed effect concentration (NOEC), lowest observable effect concentration (LOEC) and effect concentration of 50% (EC50) values of 25-50%, 50-100% and >100%, respectively, at three water condition, but did not show any significant toxicities on other biota. Meanwhile, chemical analysis revealed that the BWMS effluent contained total residual oxidants (TROs) below $0.03{\mu}g/L$ and a total of 25 DBPs such as bromate, volatile halogenated organic compounds (VOCs), halogenated acetonitriles (HANs), halogenated acetic acids (HAAs), chloropicrin and Isocyanuric acid. Based on ERA, the 25 DBPs were not considered to have persistency, bioaccumulation and toxicity (PBT) properties. The ratio of predicted environmental concentration (PEC) to predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) of the other DBPs did not exceed 1 for General harbor environment. However, four substances (Isocyanuric acid, Tribromomethane, Chloropicrin and Monochloroacetic acid) were exceed 1 for Nearship environment. But observed toxicity in the test water on algal growth inhibition would be mitigated by normal dilution factor of 5 applied for nearship exposure. Thus, our results of WET testing and ERA showed that the BWMS effluent treated by NaDCC injection method would have no adverse impacts on marine environment.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.115-128
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• 2019

Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are being faced with rapid changes in their business environments due to evolution of technologies and innovation in societal eco-systems. Particularly, dynamic interactions between such environments and enterprise activities have become significant, so technology planning, which is a process of identifying appropriate directions regarding product and technology development, has received much attention to cope with such dynamics proactively. However, SMEs typically have limits in performing independent, strategical and systematical technology planning activities due to the lack of human, material and financial resources. This paper proposes the development of a product roadmapping method so that SMEs carry out efficient technology planning activities with interconnections of external business environments. The present work provides product roadmap templates that directly accommodate the influence of business environments on the product's system and its associated super/sub-systems with the use of external environment analysis techniques including TRIZ methodology, PEST and 5Forces analysis. These templates are useful to efficiently forecast the directions of product's development and evolution, which arise from changes in external environments. Consequently, the present work enables SMEs to flexibly cope with the era of the next R&D generation, which pursues value creation through mutual interconnection between business environments and technology development.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.429-440
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• 2021

Objectives: Standardized guidelines and reference points for a food security policy are necessary to guarantee that basic social safety nets work properly. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the basic concepts and detailed dimensions of food security, including the potential relevant indicators, and sought to establish standardized well-being baselines. Methods: A literature review and 14 expert roundtable discussions were carried out to analyze and extract the key concepts of food security. After determining these concepts and detailed dimensions of food security, a conceptual framework was modeled. Then, indicators for each local government that could be monitored and evaluated for each sub-area were suggested. Results: The concept of food security was defined as follows: Individuals should be provided with sufficient, safe, and quality food, which should be accessible to the community and available for use to achieve health and well-being. In addition, food security should be ensured sustainably in a changing environment. Four dimensions were suggested while conceptualizing food security. First, sufficient food, which means sufficient food supply in quantity, quality, and safety. Second, equitable food which includes creating environments in which high-quality and safe food can be purchased at an appropriate price and can be provided regardless of the socioeconomic gap. Third, healthy food which should be provided to promote people's health and happiness through the eco-friendly consumption of food. Fourth, sustainable food, which can be supplied in a sustainable manner and as part of an eco-friendly food system that considers the conservation of natural environments. Conclusions: The basic concepts and detailed areas of food security including the potential indicators proposed in this study, may be useful for developing and implementing various policies and programs to support food and nutrition security in the future.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.14-28
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• 2001

본 연구는 경상북도 울릉도 자연환경자원보호구역에서의 난개발의 문제점과 개선방안을 제시하는 것이다. 울릉도 자연환경자원 보전구역에서 발생되는 난개발 형태는 국토이용변경, 일주도로의 개설, 항만건설에 따른 석산개발, 관광지 지정조성 및 군사시설 설치 등이다. 문제점으로는 첫째, 국토이용변경으로 인한 동식물의 서식영역 감소와 식수원 오염이다. 둘째, 일주도로개설로 인한 자연생태계파괴이다. 셋째, 항만건설과 석산개발로 인한 자연경관 훼손 및 해양생태계 변화이다. 넷째, 관광지 지정조성과 군대시설 설치에 따른 회귀한 식물의 훼손과 식수원 오염이다. 개선되어야 할 점으로는 첫째, 국토이용변경으로 인하여 회귀한 식물이 훼손되지 않도록 친환경적으로 개발한다. 둘째, 도로 시설, 항만을 설치할 때는 환경영향평가를 실시하여 자연경관 및 환경자원의 훼손을 최소화하도록 한다. 셋째, 도서지역 개발에 소요되는 석재 등은 전부 육지에서 반입하도록 하고 도서지역의 열악한 재정을 감안하여 그 소요예산은 전적으로 국가에서 부담하여야 한다. 넷째, 관광지 지정조성에 대해서는 이미 조성된 지역은 계획적으로 관리하며, 미 조성된 지역은 자연환경보전지역으로 재조정하도록 한다. 다섯째, 군대시설을 설치할 경우, 당해 자치단체와 반드시 협의하여 설치하도록 한다. 다섯째, 공무원 및 해당 주민들의 자연환경자원보전 및 보호하고자하는 의식이 필요하다 마지막으로 지역주민들에 대한 재정적인 지원이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.430-439
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• 2019

본 연구는 친환경 에코필라 사방댐의 시공성과 경제성을 향상시키기 위해 제안된 중공트랙형 단면의 프리캐스트 에코필라 사방댐에 대하여 산사태 발생시 토석류에 동반되는 암석이 충돌할 경우 구조체의 안전성과 손상도를 평가하기 위해 비선형 충돌해석을 수행하였다. 최근에는 콘크리트를 이용한 에코필라 사방댐의 설치가 늘고 있으나, 콘크리트 투과형 사방댐 설계의 기준이 전무하여 경험적으로 설계되고 있을 뿐 아니라 산사태로 인한 피해가 지속적으로 늘고 있는 상황임에도 불구하고 극한환경을 적용한 성능평가나 연구를 찾아보기 어렵다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 선행연구를 통해 적정성과 성능에 대해 검증된 중공트랙형 단면의 에코필라 사방댐에 대하여 급경사지에서 발생한 우면산 산사태의 토석류 속도로 암석이 충돌할 경우로 가정하였다. 암석의 규모는 ETAG 27의 성능평가 기준을 참조하여 유사한 규모로 설정하였고, 최대 충격력이 작용할 수 있는 조건과 작용위치, 암석직경을 변수로 고려하였으며, 콘크리트 비선형 재료모델을 적용하였다. 재료 비선형해석이 가능한 ABAQUS 소프트웨어를 이용하여 해석적 방법으로 구조체의 강도와 손상도 평가를 수행하였다. 해석결과, 암석직경 0.3m와 0.5m가 충돌했을 경우는 구조체의 변위나 응력이 허용치 이내로 안전한 것으로 평가 되었으나, 0.7m 직경의 암석이 충돌할 경우 중공트랙형 기둥부가 에너지를 충분히 흡수하지 못하여 파괴되는 것으로 예측되었다. 또한, 콘크리트 손상도 평가결과 암석직경 0.3m와 0.5m에서는 손상비가 1.0이하로 나타났으나 0.7m 직경일 경우는 1.39로 평가되어 일정수준 이상에서는 사방댐 기능수행 적합성이 제고되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구 결과는 사방댐 단면설계 시 고려해야 할 충격력에 대한 기초자료로 활용할 수 있으며, 향후 실험적 연구가 추가적으로 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the usage of eco-friendly elements in Korean traditional architecture to evaluate Hanok(Unjoru and Jinwondang) according to Green Building Certification Criteria(G-SEED). The results of this study were as follows; Unjoru and Jinwondang was not enough to obtain certification points. From Site usage and Traffic category, Jinwondang gets more points than Unjoru. It's because Jinwondang is located in downtown Seoul, so it gets more points of traffic and neighborhood facility. From Energy and Environmental Pollution category, Jinwondang gets more points of energy performance than Unjoru, too. It's because Jinwondang secured insulation performance of wall and windows using insulator and glass. From Resources category, Unjoru gets more points than Jinwondang. It shows that modern Hanok was limited using natural resources. From Ecological Environments category, Jinwondang is located urban area, it's difficult to secure the open space, so Unjoru gets more points than Jinwondang. If Modern Honok installs a system that can getting point and secure insulation performance, it will be certificated according to G-SEED.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2011

Over the years, there have been many school construction projects resulting from the activation of the Build Transfer Lease(BTL). Furthermore, due to the need for the qualitative expansion of educational facilities, as well as the attempt to fulfill social requirements and the need for eco-friendly learning environments, these projects have become a major priority. As a result, the government has established a proper standard for school construction based on a certain level of green certification that has been mandated. The aim of this study is to assess the status of schools as relates to the composition of the ecological environment surrounding them. These elements of eco-friendly school facilities are larger than the educational environment and are directly related to the environmental and educational effects on the students. Looking at the overall results of this study, the areas of ecological environment outside school are found to be inadequate. Therefore, this field needs to adopt more realistic goals, and focus on the areas where the most improvement is needed.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2021

A series of experiments have been carried out by using National Geographic Information Institute(NGII)'s Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS) data with various strategies to analyze the impact of multi-GNSS measurements on baseline processing. The results of baseline processing were compared in terms of ambiguity fixing rate, precision, and hypothesis tests were conducted to confirm the statistical difference. The combination of multi-GNSS measurements has helped to improve ambiguity fixing rate, especially under harsh positioning environments. Combination of GPS, Galileo, BeiDou could get better precision than that of GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and adding QZSS made the baseline solution's vertical component more precisely. The hypothesis tests have statistically confirmed that the inclusion of the multi-GNSS in the baseline processing enables not only to reduce field observation time length but also to enhance the solution's precision. However, it is of interest to notice that results of the baseline solution are dependent upon the software used. Hence, comprehensive studies should be performed shortly to derive the best practice to select the appropriate software.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Purpose: The industrial sector, especially in developed countries, is seen as the primary threat to sustainability. As a result, contemporary organizations prioritize establishing sustainable business practices. This sustainability can be achieved by organizations being concerned with their external environments, which is referred to as going green. This study aims to provide a green logistics network design to explain how to attract green consumers. Research design, data and methodology: This study conducted a comprehensive process to obtain textual dataset in the current literature and finally the author could collect total 26 relevant prior studies to achieve the purpose of the study. All dataset was thoroughly screened and selected for the high-degree of validity. Results: Based on the intensive literature review, the author insists that the four findings presented in this study will be useful as they provide evidence of the importance of technology in achieving global sustainability.in the situation we face that technology has become an important part of human life. Conclusions: This study provides meaningful insights into the environmental strategies that organizations across the world can implement to achieve a green supply chain based on the solutions in this study. The strategies presented in this study are evidence-based and have been tested through different studies.