• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.219-228
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 축소모형실험을 통하여 편토압 및 측압이 터널 거동에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 모형실험 결과의 타당성은 수치해석을 통하여 검토하였다. 터널에 작용하는 편토압을 감소시킬 수 있는 방안으로 편향 배치된 지보구조를 제안하고 이 방안의 적용성을 검토하였다. 실험 결과, 편향 배치된 지보구조를 적용함으로서 발생되는 변위가 전체적으로 줄어들었고, 초기 균열이 발생되는 하중도 증가되었다. 또한 터널의 안정성에 크게 문제가 되는 최대 편압 수직하중 역시 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 터널에 작용하는 측압의 영향을 검토한 결과, 측압계수의 변화에 따라 변위 발생 양상 및 균열 발생 양상이 매우 변화함을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 안정성 측면에서 취약점을 나타내는 부분도 변화함을 알 수 있었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제88권3호
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• pp.287-299
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• 2023

This article describes experimental and numerical analyses of eccentrically loaded over the axially loaded circular concrete filled double-skinned steel tubular (CFDST) short columns. Tests on circular CFDST short columns under eccentric and concentric loading were conducted to assess their responses to the frequent intensity of 5-30 mm at the interval of each 5 mm eccentric loading conditions with constant cross-sectional proportions and width-to-thickness ratios of the outside and internal tubes. The non-linear finite-element analysis of circular CFDST short columns of eccentrically loaded over the axially loaded was performed using the ABAQUS to predict the structural behavior and compare the concentric loading capacity over the various eccentric loading conditions. The comparison outcomes show that the axial compressive strength of the circular CDFST short columns was 2.38-32.86%, lesser than the concentrically loaded short column with the inner circular section. Also, the influence of computer simulation employed is more efficient in forecasting the experimentally examined performance of circular CFDST stub columns.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제14권5호통권60호
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• pp.567-576
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• 2002

중심 및 2축편심압축에 대한 고강도콘크리트충전 각형강관기둥에 대해 실험 및 해석을 수행하며, 실험변수는 기둥의 좌굴길이대 단면폭의 비 $L_k/D$, 편심의 크기 e, 그리고 편심하중의 각 ${\theta}$이다. 실험을 통하여 2축휨을 받는 고강도콘크리트충전 각형강관기둥의 내력 및 거동을 조사한 결과, 2축편심압축력을 받는 CFT기둥의 실험에 의한 최대내력 및 거동은 해석에 의한 값과 비교적 잘 일치하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.495-508
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• 2020

Double skin composite walls are alternatives to concrete walls to resist gravity load in structures. The composite action between steel faceplates and concrete core largely depends on the internal mechanical connectors. This paper investigates the structural behavior of novel composite wall system with T section and under combined compressive force and bending moment. The truss connectors are used to bond the steel faceplates to concrete core. Four short specimens were designed and tested under eccentric compression. The influences of the thickness of steel faceplates, the truss spacing, and the thickness of web wall were discussed based on the test results. The N-M interaction curves by AISC 360, Eurocode 4, and CECS 159 were compared with the test data. It was found that AISC 360 provided the most reasonable predictions.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.833-852
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• 2015

Self-compacting Concrete Filled steel Tubes (SCFT), which combines the advantages of steel and concrete materials, can be applied to strengthen the RC columns. In order to investigate the eccentric loading behavior of the strengthened columns, this paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation on them. The experimental results showed that the use of SCFT is interesting since the ductility and the bearing capacity of the RC columns are greatly improved. And the performance of strengthened columns is significantly affected by four parameters: column section type (circular and square), wall thickness of the steel tube, designed strength grade of strengthening concrete and initial eccentricity. In the numerical program, a generic fiber element model which takes in account the effect of confinement is developed to predict the behavior of the strengthened columns subjected to eccentric loading. After the fiber element analysis was verified against experimental results, a simple design formula based on the model is proposed to calculate the ultimate eccentric strength. Calibration of the calculated results against the test results shows that the design formula closely estimates the ultimate capacities of the eccentrically compressed strengthened columns by 5%.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.823-834
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• 2002

Steel-Concrete Column은 H형강의 플랜지 사이에 후프를 용접하고 플랜지 사이의 공간에 콘크리트가 채워진 새로운 합성기둥이다. 본 연구에서는 이 새로운 합성 기둥의 구조성능을 평가하기 위하여 단주압축, 휨, 전단실험을 수행하였다. 각 실험별 실험체들을 순철골 실험체와 철골 콘크리트 실험체로 구성하여 Steel-Concrete Column을 구성하는 철골, 내부 콘크리트, 후프의 내력기여도를 평가할 수 있도록 하였다. 실험결과 Steel-Concrete Column은 $\ulcorner$강구조 한계상태 설계 기준$\lrcorner$ 에 의해 계산된 내력값을 충분히 만족하여 구조부재에 적용 가능하다고 판단된다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.1487-1505
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• 2016

This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the behavior of a new type of composite FRP-concrete-steel member subjected to bi-axial eccentric loading. This new type of composite member is in the form of concrete-filled square steel tube slender columns with inner CFRP (carbon fiber-reinforced polymer) circular tube, composed of an inner CFRP tube and an outer steel tube with concrete filled in the two tubes. Tests on twenty-six specimens of high strength concrete-filled square steel tube columns with inner CFRP circular tube columns (HCFST-CFRP) were carried out. The parameters changed in the experiments include the slenderness ratio, eccentric ratio, concrete strength, steel ratio and CFRP ratio. The experimental results showed that the failure mode of HCFST-CFRP was similar to that of HCFST, and the specimens failed by local buckling because of the increase of lateral deflection. The steel tube and the CFRP worked together well before failure under bi-axial eccentric loading. Ductility of HCFST-CFRP was better than that of HCFST. The ultimate bearing capacity of test specimen was calculated with simplified formula, which agreed well with test results, and the simplified formula can be used to calculate the bearing capacity of HCFSTF within the parameters of this test.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제91권5호
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• pp.517-526
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• 2024

Due to the asymmetric cross-section of unequal-angle steel, the application of loads can induce axial rotation, leading to a series of buckling failure behaviors. Special attention must be paid during the design process. The present study aims to analyze the structural behavior of asymmetric steel angle members under various eccentric loading conditions, considering the complex biaxial bending interaction that arises when the angle steel is connected to the panel. Several key factors are investigated in this paper, including the effects of uniaxial and biaxial eccentricity on the structural behavior and the eccentric axial compression strength of long and short legs at different load application points. Potential risks associated with the specified load points, based on the AISC specifications, are also discussed. The study observed that the strength values of the members exhibited significant changes when the eccentric load deviates from the specified point. The relative position of the eccentric load point and the slenderness ratio of the member are critical influencing factors. Overall, this research intends to enhance the accuracy and reliability of strength analysis methods for asymmetric single angle steel members, providing valuable insights and guidance for a safer and more efficient design.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.289-299
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• 2020

To investigate the long-term behavior of eccentrically loaded RC columns, which are more realistic in practice than concentrically loaded RC columns, long-term eccentric loading tests were conducted for 10 RC columns. Test parameters included concrete compressive strength, reinforcement ratio, bar yield strength, eccentricity ratio, slenderness ratio, and loading pattern. Test results showed that the strain and curvature of the columns increased with time, and concrete forces were gradually transferred to longitudinal bars due to the creep and shrinkage of concrete. The long-term behavior of the columns varied with the test parameters, and long-term effects were more pronounced in the case of using the lower strength concrete, lower strength steel, lower bar ratio, fewer loading-step, higher eccentricity ratio, and higher slenderness ratio. However, in all the columns, no longitudinal bars were yielded under service loads at the final measuring day. Meanwhile, the numerical analysis modeling using the ultimate creep coefficient and ultimate shrinkage strain measured from cylinder tests gave quite good predictions for the behavior of the columns.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.527-542
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• 2020

In traditional eccentrically braced steel frames, damages and plastic deformations are limited to the links and the main structure members are required tremendous sizes to ensure elasticity with no damage based on the force-based seismic design method, this limits the practical application of the structure. The high strength steel frames with eccentric braces refer to Q345 (the nominal yield strength is 345 MPa) steel used for links, and Q460 steel utilized for columns and beams in the eccentrically brace steel frames, the application of high strength steels not only brings out better economy and higher strength, but also wider application prospects in seismic fortification zone. Here, the structures with four type eccentric braces are chosen, including K-type, Y-type, D-type and V-type. These four types EBFs have various performances, such as stiffness, bearing capacity, ductility and failure mode. To evaluate the seismic behavior of the high strength steel frames with variable eccentric braces within the similar performance objectives, four types EBFs with 4-storey, 8-storey, 12-storey and 16-storey were designed by performance-based seismic design method. The nonlinear static behavior by pushover analysis and dynamic performance by time history analysis in the SAP2000 software was applied. A total of 11 ground motion records are adopted in the time history analysis. Ground motions representing three seismic hazards: first, elastic behavior in low earthquake hazard level for immediate occupancy, second, inelastic behavior of links in moderate earthquake hazard level for rapid repair, and third, inelastic behavior of the whole structure in very high earthquake hazard level for collapse prevention. The analyses results indicated that all structures have similar failure mode and seismic performance.