• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.1113-1128
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• 2017

This study was practiced in order to develop a textbook to improve early childhood teachers' ability to use multimedia required by kindergartens and to examine its effects. First, investigation of the status of multimedia application of early childhood teachers in kindergartens was done along with looking through their attitude and anxiety. The expertise and the multimedia education was required in early childhood education and curriculum. As a result, 15 categories and 50 subcategories under 4 themes were drawn through the procedures of qualitative analysis. The conclusions obtained through this study were the following: First, the education for multimedia application related to the tasks required in kindergartens is needed instead of the common education for multimedia application, to improve the ability to use multimedia for early childhood teachers. Second, multimedia education based on visual theory for the purpose of early childhood education, rather than common features-centered multimedia education, is helpful for the improvement of early childhood teachers' ability to use multimedia. Finally, the improvement of early childhood teachers' ability to use multimedia will be a chance to provide children with a better educational environment.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.107-119
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• 2017

본 연구는 문헌연구를 통해 이론과 실천의 관계에서 교수 행위를 바라보는 상반된 두 가지 관점 중 bottom-up 관점에서 유아 교사의 실천을 탐색한다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전통적으로 유아교육에서는 top-down 관점을 중심으로 발달심리학 이론, 발달에 적합한 이론과 실제에 관한 담론, 그리고 발달이론에 근거하여 개발된 다양한 프로그램모델의 틀 안에서 유아교사의 실천과 교수행위를 정의하고 합리화해 왔다. 둘째, 이와 반대로 bottom-up 관점은 현장에서의 교사의 행위와 실천이 이론을 이끈다고 보며 반성적 사고를 통해 교사가 현장에서 실천방법을 구성해 가는데 초점을 둔다. 이 관점에서 실천은 이론의 근거가 되며, 교사는 암묵적 이론을 형성하면서 연구자의 역할을 한다고 보면서 개인경험, 학교풍토와 맥락, 그리고 우세한 교육담론이 교사의 이론을 구성하는 데 영향을 미치는 요소로 본다. 셋째, 실제로 예비교사와 현직교사를 대상으로 하는 연구결과로부터 예비교사는 경험으로부터 오는 교수에 대한 기대가 양성과정에서의 담론과의 교류, 실습 및 학교의 영향으로부터 교수에 대한 이론을 발달시킨다는 것을 보여준다. 또한 현직교사들은 그들이 지닌 암묵적 지식의 전개가 지속적인 전문성 발달과 관련이 있으며 행정적 압력 및 현장의 복잡한 현실적인 문제들을 개인적으로 발달시킨 전략을 사용하여 해결함을 보여준다. 연구 결과에 따라 bottom-up 관점에 근거한 향후 교사 실천에 관한연구 방향과 시사점을 제안하였다.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2014

The modern day architectural giant, Maki Fumihiko, has lived through both the early and the more recent modernism, Contemporary. In the 1950's he was faithful to the spirit that was founded on the early modernity, Metabolism. In his later years in the 2000's, his style can be distinguished into Neo-Modernism which was based on local influence. The educational system at Washington University and the modern city of Saint Louis carries the continuation of Fumihiko Maki's early and later architectural career. Steinberg Hall and Kemper Art Museum have been built adjacent to each other in an extended period of time. These two projects encompass the changes in the era that has gone through modernism, transformation of an architect's career, and the maturation of the university. Steinberg Hall carries the ideal and the spirit of young Fumihiko Maki, therefore, the basic platform of experimentation of the early Metabolist has been applied. Spatial theory that concentrates on the integration of relations is also evident in this project. In contrast, Kemper Art Museum expresses the work of a 78 year-old veteran from the perspective of Neo-Modernism. This piece focuses on the internal space through the coexistence of a variety of space, and with that it notably interprets the integration of the pieces to the whole as a set theory. The partial change that we see is the evidence of the change in the early and the later modernism, while maintaining the innocence and the spirit of it. This is to highlight the fact that, ultimately, the goal of architecture is to secure the human race's honesty and their freedom expressed through space.

• 영어영문학
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.565-588
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• 2012

This paper aims at reconsidering 'suture,' a key concept in early Lacanian film criticism, with a view to narrowing a supposed gap between early Lacanian and later Lacanian film criticism. Early Lacanian film theorists, among whom Jean-Pierre Oudart, Jean-Louis Baudry, Laura Mulvey and Daniel Dayan, to name a few, are prominent, focus on cinematic signifying system as well as its ideological effects on shaping subjectivity of the audience. Initiated by Jacques-Alain Miller's article on suture as the logic of signifier and grafted into film as the logic of the cinematic by Oudart's writing, the concept of suture was established as a key word in early Lacanian film criticism. In their taxonomy, suture refers to the processes by which the audience are stitched into the story-world of a film. The audience are drawn into the film and take up positions as subjects-within-the-film such that they make sense of and respond to what the film represents as they are encouraged to do so by the film itself. On the other hand, later Lacanian film critics, who are much influenced by Lacan's later emphasis on the Real, focus on concepts such as gaze, petit objet a, fantasy, rather than suture. They are more concerned with the failure of suture and the disruption of the Symbolic than the ideological effects of suture and the consolidation of the Symbolic. They require a break from the previous approach of Lacanian film theory which centers around the Imaginary and the Symbolic. However, early Lacanian and later Lacanian film theory do not manifest as much disparity as they are supposed to do, for both are against the ideological manipulation of suture. Slavoj Žižek, a leading scholar of later Lacanian psychoanalysis, revives the concept of suture as a patch of the Symbolic which covers the gap, if not always successful.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.3-16
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• 2003

In researches done previously, the characteristics of the Hyangyak medicine in the early period of Chosun shown in "HyangyakBoncho(鄕藥本草)" in Vol. 76-85 of "Hyangyakjipseongbang(鄕藥集成方)" and "Sanghan section(傷寒門)" in Vol. 5-8 of "Hyangyakjipseongbang(鄕藥集成方)" was investigated. "Cough section(咳嗽門)" in "Various Diseases volume" of "Dongeuibogam(東醫寶鑑 雜病篇)" Vol. 5 and "Various Coughs section(諸咳門)" of "Hyangyakjipseongbang(鄕藥集成方)" Vol 24-25 which is a paragraph related to "Sanghan section(傷寒門)" was compared. The variety of the Hyangyak, processing methods and forms of the Hyangyak were shown by comparing each oriental medical botany(本草) used for treating cough(咳嗽) in "Dongeuibogam(東醫寶鑑)". Subsequently, the difference between each structure and medical theory was speculated. The facts revealed in this research is as follows. First, [Various Coughs section(諸咳門)] of "Hyangyakjipseongbang(鄕藥集成方)" uses only the Hyangyak, and no foreign medicines were used for treating cough(咳嗽) in "Dongeuibogam(東醫寶鑑)". Second, in [Various Coughs section(諸咳門)] of "Hyangyakjipseongbang(鄕藥集成方)", medicines related to diet and medicines taken raw were widely used, and various forms of medicine such as extracts, plasters, and gruels were used. Third, like other medical books in earlier periods, [Various Coughs section(諸咳門)] of "Hyangyakjipseongbang(鄕藥集成方)" describes the medical theory with conciseness, and keeps the structure of symptom classification focused on treatment and prescription. Fourth, as [Hyangyakboncho(鄕藥本草)] extensively uses the knowledge of oriental medical botany(本草) from two of Four Masters of GeumWon(金 元); JangWonSo(張元素) and LeeDongWon(李東垣), "Various Coughs section(諸咳門)" of "Hyangyakjipseongbang(鄕藥集成方)" quotes the books of JuDanGae but does not adopt the theory and prescriptions of 'replenishing yin and downbearing fire (滋陰降火)'. To find a more descriptive picture of the Hyangyak medicine for the treatment of 'cough(咳嗽)', a comparatitive study between the books written in the same period -"Euibangyuchui(醫方類聚)" and books compilated in China should be done, and there should be more profound researches done on individual medicines and prescriptions.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to overview domestic and foreign trends in the study of the landscape evaluation through new framework of landscape evaluation studies. 108 studies on the landscape evaluation are summarized and categorized into theoretical studies, verification of theories, development of evaluation methods and applications in physical planning. Major theories in the landscape evaluation came from the psycho-physics, the evolutionary theory ann the cultural-learning theory, and were verified and applied into physical planning. Early experimental researches on landscape evaluation, based on psycho-physics, were focused on relatively simple responses to landscapes. But many studies have been gradually related to the evolutionary theory and the cultural learning theory, emphasizing biological and cultural effects on landscape evaluation. Especially, Appleton's Prospect-Refuge theory' and Kaplans' 'Information Processing model' have very strong influence in landscape evaluation. Relatively there have been many application researches in Korea, which tells there have been strong needs to solve pending practical problems caused by the rapid economic and social growth for several decades. Almost of applications in physical planning are focused on physical features of landscapes, but for more comprehensive landscape evaluation, many other factors such as cognitive and sociocultural variables should be integrated into the whole evaluation system. As a result of reviewing of landscape evaluation studies, I found the overall domestic and foreign trends and the necessity of more research on the applications in physical planning. Because this study mainly focused on academic researches, for more appropriate landscape evaluation and management there should be more practical researches including various approaches.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2008

Multigrid methods finite element/finite volume methods and their convergence properties are reviewed in a general setting. Some early theoretical results in simple finite element methods in variational setting method are given and extension to nonnested-noninherited forms are presented. Finally, the parallel theory for nonconforming element[13] and for cell centered finite difference methods [15, 23] are discussed.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.60-72
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• 2019

Commercial services providing quantum cryptographic communication are available in China and the United States of America (USA), and a commercial cloud service for quantum computing is available in the USA. This has been possible since the early stage prototypes of quantum technologies have transitioned from theory to practical applications. This has led to the development of a new industrial ecosystem so that governments are announcing plans to support further research and development, new ventures are being launched, and a market is emerging. We will discuss the technological possibilities of future developments from the early-stage achievements.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1994

Major studies of Home Economics have had an intention to keep the standard scientific perspective based on value-free and positivism. But in the early 20C there was a change within scientific philosophy and the holistic perspective has risen in the part of scocial and natural science. The phenomenon dealt in the field of Home Economics is the interaction between human and environment and it regards human and family behavior in the context of the environment as a major object. This interaction can be micro/macro and objectiv $e_jective, So it has a very complex trait. The goal of this study is to verify the applicability of Human Ecology as an alternative framework to explain each level of the family phenomena. Further it is concluded that it is very efficient to present Human Ecology as a general theory for Home Economics because there are increasing demands for understanding interdependence and persuing for balanced co-existence between human and encironment. Finally this study concludes that Human Ecology is not a past theory but a very comprehensive one to construct and abstract theory-building.ng.

• 아동학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.129-140
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to analyze consistency between theories of early childhood education and the teaching practices of kindergarten teachers. The subjects were 24 teachers selected from a pool of 125 teachers in the city of Taegu. The instruments employed for this study were the teacher belief test inventory (TBTI) and teacher practices observation form (TPOF). The data were analyzed by SPSS statistical package. The results of this study are as follows: (1) most of the teachers supported the interactionist theory. (2) A significant positive correlation was found between teachers' behaviorist theory and teaching practices. A positive but nonsignificant correlation was found between teachers' interactionist theory and teaching practices. (3) A significant positive correlation was found in the amount of teaching experience on behaviorist theory and teaching practices.