• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.372-375
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• 2003

The incidence of blindness resulting from diabetic retinopathy has significantly increased despite the intervention of insulin to control diabetes mellitus. Early signs are microaneurysms, exudates, intraretinal hemorrhages, cotton wool patches, microvascular abnormalities, and venous beading. Advanced stages include neovascularization, fibrous formations, preretinal and vitreous microhemorrhages, and retinal detachment. Microaneurysm count is important because it is an indicator of retinopathy progression. The purpose of this paper is to apply data mining to detect diabetic retinopathy patterns in routine fundus fluorescein angiography. Early symptoms are of principal interest and therefore the emphasis is on detecting microaneurysms rather than vessel tortuosity. The analysis does not involve image-recognition algorithms. Instead, mathematical filtering isolates microaneurysms, microhemorrhages, and exudates as objects of disconnected sets. A neural network is trained on their distribution to return fractal dimension. Hausdorff and box counting dimensions grade progression of the disease. The field is acquired on fluorescein angiography with resolution superior to color ophthalmoscopy, or on patterns produced by physical or mathematical simulations that model viscous fingering of water with additives percolated through porous media. A mathematical filter and neural network perform the screening process thereby eliminating the time consuming operation of determining fractal set dimension in every case.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.3-12
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• 1982

Although most patients with penetrating injuries can be managed successfully with early tube thoracotomy, blood volume replacement & close observation, the remainder can be saved only by an aggressive operative intervention. From January 1959, to August 1980, 176 cases with penetrating injuries had been treated at the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, National Medical Center. The ratio of male to female patient of penetrating chest wounds was 4.3:1 in male predominance and age from 10 to 40 occupied 76.7% of the total cases. Stab wounds was the most common penetrating injuries and followed by gunshot & glass wounds. To prevent early complications of penetrating chest injuries, thoracentesis were done in 29 cases [16%], and closed thoractomy in 40 cases [22.7%]. Open thoractomy, however, had to be done in 37 cases [21%] because of massive bleeding, hemopericardium, foreign body.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.953-960
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• 2001

This study is approached the early intervention of children with disability in the aspect of family. The family of didabled children are identified as special individual with responsibilities and roles beyond those of other family. Physical Therapy need of the disabled child should be sought in the context of the family and socio-cultural environment. The process of early developmental facilitation is defined as a approach of the family. As family is the most influential factor in the child developmental facilitation, treatment and education. The family tend to seek complete information about disabilities, desire accurate, straight foreward about their child.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.198-200
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• 1999

Esophageal perforation due to the air pressure generated by forcefully evaporating gas is seldomly reported. If the diagnosis is confined to the injury of the oral cavity and the pharynx, missing the injury of the esophagus, the result may be fatal. Cases like this must be managed by early diagnosis and appropriate surgical intervention. The most important thing for early diagnosis is suspicion of esophageal injury from history and physical examination. We report two cases of esophageal pneumatic perforation caused by an explosive gas from the carbonated beverage bottle.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.115-118
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• 2016

Williams syndrome (WS) is a developmental disorder characterized by vascular abnormalities such as thickening of the vascular media layer in medium- and large-sized arteries. Supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) and peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis (PPAS) are common vascular abnormalities in WS. The natural course of SVAS and PPAS is variable, and the timing of surgery or intervention is determined according to the progression of vascular stenosis. In our patient, SVAS and PPAS showed rapid concurrent progression within two weeks after birth. We report the early manifestation of SVAS and PPAS in the neonatal period and describe the surgical treatment for stenosis relief.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.213-220
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• 2007

This study investigates the voice quality including F0, jitter, shimmer, and NHR for the children with cochlear implant (CI group) and those with normal hearing (NH group). The CI group was further classified two sub-groups depending upon the time of surgery (i.e. under four years vs. over four years). Three corner vowels (e.g. /a/, /i/, /u/) with extended vocalization were used and analyzed with Multi-Dimensional Voice Program (Kay Elemetrics, Model 4300). The statistics were made in two independent sample t-test with SPSS 11.5. The results can be summarized as follows: (1) The children with cochlear implanted before 4 years of age had very similar data with the NH group except for the vowel /a/. (2) The children with cochlear implanted after 4 years of age, however, indicated significant differences in Fo (/a/, /i/, /u/), Jitter (/e/), shimmer (/a/, /i/, /u/) and NHR(/a/) in all three vowels. It is concluded that the early CI surgery and the early intervention would be very important to maintain better voice quality.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2020

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in critically ill children, and is associated with increased mortality and long-term renal sequelae. The definition of pediatric AKI was standardized based on elevation in serum creatinine levels or decrease in urine output; accordingly, epidemiological studies have ensued. Although new biomarkers appear to detect AKI earlier and predict prognosis more accurately than traditional markers, they are not frequently used in clinical setting. There is no validated pharmacological intervention for AKI, so prevention and early detection are the mainstays of treatment. For high risk or early stage AKI patients, optimization of volume status and blood pressure, avoidance of nephrotoxins, and sufficient nutritional support are necessary, and have been demonstrated to be effective in preventing the occurrence of AKI and improving prognosis. Nevertheless, renal replacement therapy is needed when conservative care fails.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.172-176
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• 2011

Surgical resection of the mandible due to presence of benign or malignant tumor is the most common cause of the mandibular deviation. Depending upon the location and extent of the tumor in the mandible, various surgical treatment modalities like marginal, segmental, hemi, subtotal, or total mandibulectomy can be performed. The clinicians must wait for extensive period of time for completion of healing and acceptance of the osseous graft before considering the definitive prosthesis. During this initial healing period prosthodontic intervention is required for preventing the mandibular deviation. This case report describes early prosthodontic management of a patient who has undergone a reconstructed hemi-mandibulectomy with modified mandibular guide flange prosthesis. The prosthesis helps patient moving the mandible normally without deviation during functions like speech and mastication.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.569-577
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• 2017

Sepsis is a syndrome characterized by systemic inflammatory responses to a severe infection. Acute hyper-inflammatory reactions in the acute phase of sepsis have been considered as a primary reason for organ dysfunction and mortality, and advances in emergency intervention and improved intensive care management have reduced mortalities in the early phase. However it has been recognized that increased deaths in the late phase still maintain sepsis mortality high worldwide. Patients recovered from early severe illness are unable to control immune system with sepsis-induced immunosuppression such as immunological tolerance, exhaustion and apoptosis, which make them vulnerable to nosocomial and opportunistic infections ultimately leading to threat to life. Based on strategies to reverse immunosuppression, recent developments in sepsis therapy are focused on molecules having immune enhancing activities. These efforts are focused on defining and revising the immunocompromised status associated with long-term mortality.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.119-122
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• 2003

In order to determine whether foals of move dominant mothers were harassed less by mares than those of lower-ranked mothers, harassment of foals was studied in a herd of Jeju ponies (Equus caballus) consisting of 73 mares, their 53 foals, and one stallion. Mares Harassed the foals on 71 occasions between March to September,1998. The frequency of harassment tended to decrease as foals aged, but the relationship was not significant (P = 0.079). Foals were harassed when sleeping (n = 14), grazing (n = 19), moving (n = 8), approaching a mare in the vicinity (n = 13), or play-fighting with the foal of the harassing mare (n = 17). Mares harassed foals of younger, more subordinate mares than those of older, more dominant mares (P < 0.001). We conclude that early social experience of foals is associated with the dominance rank of its mother.