• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of eCG and various concentrations (20, 40, and 80 ${\mu}g/ml$) of porcine FSH on nuclear maturation and intracellular glutathione (GSH) level of oocytes, and embryonic development after parthenogenetic activation (PA) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) in pigs. Immature pig oocytes were matured in TCM-199 supplemented with porcine follicular fluid, cysteine, pyruvate, EGF, insulin, and hormones (10 IU/ml hCG and 10 IU/ml eCG or $20{\sim}80{\mu}g/ml$ FSH) for the first 22 h and then further cultured in hormone-tree medium for an additional 22 h. Nuclear maturation of oocytes ($85{\sim}89%$) was not influencem foreCG and various concentrations FSH. Embryonic development to the cleavage stage ($86{\sim}94%$) and mean number of cells in blastocyst ($33{\sim}37$ cells) after PA were not altered but blastocyst formation e-treignificaddlor(p<0.05) improvem forthe supplementation eith 80 ${\mu}g/ml$ FSHr(64%) compared to 47%, io8%, iand 47% in oocytes that were treated with eCG, 20,i and 40 ${\mu}g/ml$ FSH,i numectivelo. In SCNT, fusion ($78{\sim}83%$) of cell-cytoplast couplets and siosequent embryo cleavage ($82{\sim}88%$) were not influencem fordifferent gonadotropins but blastocyst formation tended to increase forthe supplementation eith 80 ${\mu}g/ml$ FSHr(25% vs. $11{\sim}18%$). Our nuults demonstrated that oocyte maturation and embryonic development after PA and SCNT e-frinfluencem fortype of gcem fortype of gits concentration. In this study, supplementation of maturation medium eith 80 ${\mu}g/ml$ FSHrimproved preimplantation development of PA and SCNT pig embryos, probably by increasing intracellular GSH concentration of matured oocytes.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.227-234
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• 2002

본 연구는 한우미경산우에 인공수정 7일째와 복제수정란 이식시 hCG를 투여에 의해 수태율 향상을 위하여 실시하였다 인공수정 후 임신 60일째에 임신감정을 실시한 결과 대조구, CIDR 그리고 hCG를 투여한 결과 53%, 46%, 71%였으며, 처리간에 유의적인 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 복제수정 란의 이식시 hCG를 투여한 결과 대조구, hCG투여구는 각각 5.8%, 10.4%를 나타냈으며, 유의차는 인정되지 않았다. 인공수정 7일째에 hCG를 투여한 한우 미경산우의 발정일부터 발정 28일까지의 혈중 P4농도는 발정초기에는 처리구 모두 약간의 상승을 나타냈으며, 임신을 위한 가장 중요한 시기인 발정 13~16 일에는 무처리구에 비하여 hCG투여구가 3배 이상 의 수준을 나타냈으며, CIDR처리 임신우에 비교 하여도 약 B배 이상의 P4농도를 나타내었다. 그 이 후에도 P4의 농도는 2~3배의 수준을 지속적으로 유지하여 임신을 위하여 안정된 P4의 농도를 나타내었다. 인공수정 7일째 hCG를 투여한 한우 미경산우의 IGF-I 및 IGF-II의 혈중호르몬 농도는 IGF-I은 임신.비임신 그리고 hOG 및 CIDBt의 처리에 관계없이 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. IGF-II는 CIDR(E2 capsule 제거) 처리구에서 임신이 비임신에 비하여 높은 경향을 나타냈으나, hCG 투여구에서는 임신과 비임신간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 인공수정 7일째에 hCG를 투여한 한우 미경산우의 발정일로부터 28일째까지의 혈중 cortisol 농도 는 발정당일과 발정 16일째의 임신한 미경산우에 서는 다른 발정주기일보다는 약간 높은 경향을 보였으며, 임신CIDR의 경우가 비임신보다는 전반적으로 높게 나타났고, hCG를 투여한 것은 큰 변화를 보이지 않았다. 이상의 결과에서 인공수정 및 복제수정란의 이식시 hCG 1,5001u를 투여한 한우 미경산우는 임신유지를 위한 혈중 P4의 농도를 상승시키며 수태율도 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. IGF와 cortisol은 hCG 투여가 초기 임신기에는 큰 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2022

Catfish is one of the most important freshwater fish farming commodities in Indonesia. Higher catfish production can be achieved by cultivating transgenic catfish carrying the growth hormone (GH) gene of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus GH, CgGH). This research focuses on analysis of the presence of the CgGH gene in transgenic G₁, G₂, and G₃ mutiara catfish broodstock, as an indication of stable CgGH inheritance. CgGH gene was isolated using the RNeasy mini kit and RT-PCR. RT-PCR revealed amplicons measuring approximately 600 bp in transgenic G₀, G₁, G₂, and G₃ mutiara catfish. The CgGH consensus sequence similarities ranged from 93.76% to 97.06%, with four functional domain sites (somatotropin-1, somatotropin-2, four α-helix, N-glycosylation, four cysteine residues) of fish GH proteins. The functional domains of fish GH proteins are conserved in G₁, G₂, and G₃ and indicate stable exogenous GH inheritance to produce transgenic catfish strains in each generation.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2015

Background: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) can cause serious adverse effects. To reduce the occurrence of CIN related computed tomography (CT) in emergency patients, we assessed the respective roles of serum creatinine (SCr) alone and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as an early predictor for CIN related CT. Methods: For patients with SCr <1.5 mg/dL who underwent CT in emergency department (ED) between September 2012 and October 2013, we assessed the prevalence of CIN and its adverse effects. The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study (MDRD) and Cockcroft-Gault (CG) formula was used for the calculation of eGFR. Practical calculation was performed by electronic medical record (EMR) system for MDRD and internet calculating service for CG. And we investigated the prevalence of CIN in eGFR $<60mL/min/1.73m^2$ before CT. Results: A total of 1,555 patients were enrolled. The prevalence of CIN after CT was 4.6% and it showed correlation with renal deterioration, increased in-hospital mortality, and prolonged hospitalization. Despite baseline SCr <1.5 mg/dL, among enrolled patients, 11.3% as MDRD equation and 29.5% as CG formula were $<60mL/min/1.73m^2$ and in this condition, the prevalence of CIN was significantly high (odds ratio was 2.87 [1.64-5.02] as MDRD equation and 2.03 [1.26-3.29] as CG formula). Conclusion: Just SCr <1.5mg/dL was not appropriate to recognize preexisting renal insufficiency, but eGFR using MDRD equation was useful in predicting the risk of CIN related CT in ED. Using EMR, calculation of eGFR can be easier and more convenient.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.1374-1377
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• 2004

The present study was conducted to explore the possibilities of estrus induction and superovulation in a native Indian breed of goats called 'Black Bengal'. Forty-two adult non-pregnant females were divided in two groups, of which 18 goats were subjected to a superovulatory treatment comprising of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), Prostaglandin (PGF2$\alpha$) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to induce superovulation. The remaining 24 goats received no treatment and served as controls for the parameter under study as well as recipients for embryo transfer studies. The average duration of estrus was found to be significantly increased in treated goats (34.2${\pm}$3.4 h) compared to controls 3.0${\pm}$2.4 h). The average duration between PGF administration and occurrence of estrus was 2.0${\pm}$5.2 h. After mid ventral laparotomy, superovulatory responses indicated a significant increase in the number of follicles, which was 8.27${\pm}$0.37 in the treatment group compared to 4.16${\pm}$0.17 in the control group. The number of corpora lutea was also significantly increased in treated animals compared to control (2.90${\pm}$0.86 vs. 0.74${\pm}$0.04) respectively per ovary per goat.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.353-358
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• 2005

본 논문의 목적은 CHAMP, GRACE 데이터와 지표면 중력데이터를 이용하여 개발된 새로운 지오포텐셜 모델인 EIGEN-CC01C을 평가하는데 있다. 정확도 분석은 EIGEN-CG01C와 EGM96의 두 가지 지오포텐셜 모델로부터 계산된 각각의 지오이드고와 수준점에 대한 GPS 관측값으로부터 계산된 지오이드고를 비교하는 방식으로 수행하였으며, GPS 관측에 사용된 수준점은 총 320점이다. 본 연구결과, KGEOID98과 같은 정밀 지오이드를 개선하기 위한 기준면으로서는 편의가 적은 EIGEN-CG01C모델이 EGM96모델에 비하여 보다 더 적합한 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2001

In this study, we shall be concerned with computing in parallel a few of the smallest eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenvectors of the eigenvalue problem, $Ax={\lambda}Bx$, where A is symmetric, and B is symmetric positive definite. Both A and B are large and sparse. Recently iterative algorithms based on the optimization of the Rayleigh quotient have been developed, and CG scheme for the optimization of the Rayleigh quotient has been proven a very attractive and promising technique for large sparse eigenproblems for small extreme eigenvalues. As in the case of a system of linear equations, successful application of the CG scheme to eigenproblems depends also upon the preconditioning techniques. A proper choice of the preconditioner significantly improves the convergence of the CG scheme. The idea underlying the present work is a parallel computation of the Multi-Color Block SSOR preconditioning for the CG optimization of the Rayleigh quotient together with deflation techniques. Multi-Coloring is a simple technique to obatin the parallelism of order n, where n is the dimension of the matrix. Block SSOR is a symmetric preconditioner which is expected to minimize the interprocessor communication due to the blocking. We implemented the results on the CRAY-T3E with 128 nodes. The MPI(Message Passing Interface) library was adopted for the interprocessor communications. The test problems were drawn from the discretizations of partial differential equations by finite difference methods.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.543-548
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• 2006

본 실험은 황금열수추출물이 알레르기성 접촉 피부염 유발 시 항산화활성, serum Ig E농도와 표피회복능에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 행해진 것으로 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB: 2.5% DNCB 1 mL로 감작, 4일 경과 후 1% DNCB 1 mL로 유발) 처리로 알레르기성 접촉 피부염이 유발된 Sprague Dawley rat 수컷 흰쥐에 황금열수추출물(1 mL/kg/day)을 경구투여한 다음 혈장과 간의 항산화활성, 혈중 Ig E 농도, 표피두께변화를 관찰하였다. DNCB 처리에 의해 지질과산화물 함량과 Ig E 농도, 표피두께가 증가하였으며 황금열수추출물의 경구투여에 의해 간의 지질과산화물 함량 감소, 혈중 Ig E 농도 감소, 표피두께가 저하되는 결과를 보였다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 황금열수추출물이 알레르기성 접촉피부염으로 유발된 rat의 체내 항산화활성과 Ig E 농도개선, 표피두께 개선에 효과가 있는 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.770-776
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• 2017

This study investigated the effects of recombinant eel gonadotropin hormone (rJeGTH) produced in silkworms, with and without a carboxyl-terminal peptide from equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), on the induction of sexual maturation in female eels Anguilla japonica. Experiments were conducted both in vivo and in vitro. In in vitro trials, germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) induction did not significantly differ between rJeFSH and $rJeFSH{\cdot}eCG$ treatments and the control group. However, previous studies did find that rJeLH and $rJeLH{\cdot}eCG$ treatments induced GVBD in female eels. Our in vitro exploration of $estradiol-17{\beta}$ ($E_2$) levels in immature ovarian tissues revealed significantly higher $E_2$ levels in the group treated with $rJeFSH{\cdot}eCG$ $1{\mu}g/mL$ than in the control group. In contrast, the in vivo experiments showed no effect of recombinant hormones on the sexual maturation of feminized eels. Previous studies and our own in vitro results have clearly shown that rJeGTH and $rJeGTH{\cdot}eCG$ have a positive effect on the sexual maturation of feminized eels. To develop the activity of rJeGTH in vivo, further studies should confirm circulation time and activity of these hormones in eels' bloodstream, modify the structure of the recombinant gene, and implement additional glycosylation.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.186-192
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• 2002

Special attention has been paid to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for athlete doping control because it stimulates the endogenous production of testosterone and epitestosterone without increasing the T/E ratio which is a doping indicator for the exogenous administration of testosterone. Even though the IOC banned the use of hCG, a detection method has not been decided upon since there are a variety of immunoassay kits available on the market. We evaluated three kits in terms of their performance characteristics. The assay value of the control sample varied depending on the kit, resulting in 198 mIU/ml for the MAIA kit, 172mIU/ml for the IRMA kit, and 143 mIU/ml for the MEIA kit. Considering the IOC inter-lab distribution of results(55-312 mIU/ml) using 27 different kits and the mean value (178$\pm$56 mIU/ml), all three kits are within the range of －15.8% - ＋5.6% of the mean value, which proves them useful for the hCG assay. The MEIA kit resulted in lower hCG values because it detects only intact hCG molecules, in contrast to the other two kits which detect intact hCG and -hCG together. However, it is suitable for screening purposes because of its advantage of being an automated system. When 123 urine samples of athletes were analyzed in 22 batches using this system, the variation of control values fell within $\pm$ 10% of the mean values, and an specimens tested negative with hCG values less than the detection limit of 2 mIU/ml.