• BMB Reports
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.226-231
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• 2016

Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-encoded nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA1) plays a pivotal in an EBV episome replication and persistence. Despite considerable attempts, there are no EBV drugs or vaccines. We attempted to eradicate EBV episomes by targeting EBNA1 using the transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) (E1TN). E1TN-mediated transient knockout (KO) of EBNA1 reduced EBNA1 expression, and caused significant loss of EBV genomes and progressive death of EBV-infected cells. Furthermore, when a mixture of EBV-infected Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cells and EBV-negative BL cells was targeted by E1TN, EBV-negative cells were counter-selected while most EBV-infected cells died, further substantiating that EBNA1 KO caused selective death of EBV-infected cells. TALEN-mediated transient targeting of EBNA1 attenuated the growth of EBV-infected cells, implicating a possible therapeutic application of E1TN for EBV-associated disorders.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.23-35
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• 2008

I got the following conclusion that analyzes the dental health recognition, attitude and the action of the students who major in health section executing questionnaire about dental health behaviors from March 3 through 26 with health-related university students in some area in order to arrange the fundamental data that manage their mouth health rationally by using the investigation and comparison by sex and department in dental health teaching. The results obtained were as follows : 1. A large number of students recognized dental health as an important problem, but they believed that the level of their knowledges on dental health was not so high and female students were more negative than male students with regards to their own dental health condition. 2. 49.8% of the students know about tap water fluoridation program control business and 60.7% agreed and boy's approval rate was higher than girl's. But 42.2% of the not-related buccal department's students have a reservation about tap water fluoridation program control business. 3. Average brushing number of the boy is 51.0% 2 times a day according to sex, A girl appeared highest by 48.3% 3 times a day and there was statistically significantly different according to (pE0.01). there wasn't statistically significantly different according to department. Also, the period of the brushing was the most right after a breakfast, in the order of before sleep and after dinner. 4. Whether they go to the dentist's or not, 90.8% of them say 'yes', the result showed statistically significant difference according to sex (pE0.01), but It didn't show statistically significant difference according to department. Also, the purpose for visiting the dentist's office lately was the most caries treatment. and there was statistically significantly different according to sex (pE0.01), but there was not statistically significantly different according to department. 5. Oral health education-related subject approval's rate when the education course open is 65.0% there was statistically significantly different according to department (pE0.01). Also when oral health education-related subject as the liberal arts open' the rate of taking a course application showed 50.2% high appear. there was statistically significantly different according to department(pE0.01).

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.101-113
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the health segment of the 7th national physical education curriculum in an effort to grasp the state of oral health education in the school curriculum. And it's also meant to investigate the relationship between oral health education and the oral health awareness of some high schoolers to check into any possible problems with oral health education as part of health education. The subjects in this study were 240 students from two different girls' high schools in Seoul, on whom a survey was conducted to find out their oral health knowledge, behavior and awareness. And the health category of the current P.E. curriculum announced by the Ministry of Education was analyzed. The findings of the study were as follows: Oral health education provided by the high schools as part of health education in P.E. class wasn't linked to P.E. theories and practice. The weight of oral health education was extremely small in the health segment, and there was no sequence, continuity and integration among the content systems of oral health education for different grades. When some high schoolers were investigated, they weren't properly oral health conscious, though it was very important for students to receive oral health education to prevent and manage dental diseases. And they didn't consequently take care of their own oral health. Future research efforts should be channeled from diverse angles into developing oral health education curriculums to bolster school oral health education to improve national oral health.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.295-307
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of credibility of health information (CHI) source and e health literacy (eHL) on health information orientation (HIO) of parents of hospitalized children. Convenience sampling method of 109 parent whose children were admitted in a children's hospital in D city was used. The hierarchial regression model with general characteristics and characteristics of children for step 1 and eHL and CHI for step 2 against HIO was statistically significant (F=8.22, p<.001). And this model could explain 40% of HIO ($R^2$=.40). Especially, eHL (${\beta}$=.54, p<.001) and CHI (${\beta}$=.21, p=.008), subjective health perception (${\beta}$=.19, p=.016), and age (${\beta}$=-0.15, p=.048) were identified the influencing factors on HIO. Based on these findings, to foster the HIO of parents of inpatient children, credible health information should be given to these population and a approach with eHL enhancement should be considered. And further research that is to explore the way to enhance the eHL should be carried out to suggest the practical application

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2012

The magnification technique has recently become popular in bone radiography, mammography and other diagnostic examination. However, because of the finite size of X-ray focal spot, the magnification influences various imaging properties with resolution, noise and contrast. The purpose of study is to investigate the influence of magnification and focal spot size on digital imaging system using eDQE (effective detective quantum efficiency). Effective DQE is a metric reflecting overall system response including focal spot blur, magnification, scatter and grid response. The adult chest phantom employed in the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was used to derive eDQE from eMTF (effective modulation transfer function), eNPS (effective noise power spectrum), scatter fraction and transmission fraction. According to results, spatial frequencies that eMTF is 10% with the magnification factor of 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0 are 2.76, 2.21, 1.78, 1.49 and 1.26 lp/mm respectively using small focal spot. The spatial frequencies that eMTF is 10% with the magnification factor of 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0 are 2.21, 1.66, 1.25, 0.93 and 0.73 lp/mm respectively using large focal spot. The eMTFs and eDQEs decreases with increasing magnification factor. Although there are no significant differences with focal spot size on eDQE (0), the eDQEs drops more sharply with large focal spot than small focal spot. The magnification imaging can enlarge the small size lesion and improve the contrast due to decrease of effective noise and scatter with air-gap effect. The enlargement of the image size can be helpful for visual detection of small image. However, focal spot blurring caused by finite size of focal spot shows more significant impact on spatial resolution than the improvement of other metrics resulted by magnification effect. Based on these results, appropriate magnification factor and focal spot size should be established to perform magnification imaging with digital radiography system.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.403-407
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• 2007

The inhibitory effect of the food processing agent on growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Listeria monocytogenes was performed with organic acid, and combination of citric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and vanillic acid. The minimun inhibitory concentration(MIC) of propionic acid was 5,000 ppm in E. coli O157:H7, 2,500 ppm in Salmonella Enteritidis and Listeria monocytogenes. MIC of citric acid was 10,000 ppm in E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Enteritidis, 2,500 ppm in Listeria monocytogenes. MIC of acetic acid was 2,500ppm, while in vanillic acid was 5,000 ppm in Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Listeria monocytogenes. MIC of combined organc acid in E. coli O157:H7 were 2,500ppm in PC, 1,250 ppm in PA, PV, CA, CV and AV. MIC of combined organc acid in Salmonella Enteritidis were 2,500 ppm in PC, PA, PV, CA, and CV, 1,250 ppm in AV. MIC of combined organc acid in Listeria monocytogenes were 1,250 ppm in all treatment group. MIC of combined treatment of three organc acid in E. coli O157:H7, S. Enteritidis and L. monocytogenes were 1,250 ppm in PCA, PCV, PAV and CAV. The inhibitory effect of organc acid in E. coli O157:H7, S. Enteritidis and L. monocytogenes could be confirmed from the result of this experiment. Therefore, it was expected that the food process would increase or maintain by using organic acid.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.133-139
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• 2021

Background: Smoking in adolescence leads to an intensified addiction to nicotine when physical and mental growth has not yet been completed. With the advent of e-cigarettes, the rate of e-cigarette use among Korean adolescents has been steadily increasing. To date, studies on e-cigarettes and oral health, especially on the relationship between smoking styles and oral health in adolescents, are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the risk factors for oral health problems caused by the repeated use of conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes. Methods: This explanatory research study compared the adolescents' experiences of periodontal disease symptoms according to smoking type through a secondary analysis of the original data from the 15th Adolescent Health Behavior Survey (2019). Cross-analysis was performed to compare the smoking patterns according to the adolescents' general characteristics. Finally, a binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine how smoking characteristics affect the adolescents' experience of periodontal disease symptoms. Results: In terms of patients' general characteristics, significant differences were observed in sex, school level, grades, household economic status, type of residence, and father's education level between adolescents who smoked conventional cigarettes alone and those who smoked both conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes (p<0.05). After checking the factors affecting the smoking pattern and the experience of periodontal disease symptoms in adolescents, it was found that the duplicate smoking group was more likely to experience periodontal disease symptoms (odds ratio, 1.20) than the group that smoked conventional cigarettes alone (p<0.05). Conclusion: Duplicate smokers experienced more symptoms of periodontal disease than those who smoked cigarettes alone. Based on the findings of this study, smoking cessation counseling according to the smoking type and differentiated education for oral health promotion should be provided.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.1401-1404
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• 2006

Eight structurally different acetylcholinesterase reactivators derived from currently commercially available oximes were tested for their potency to reactivate acetylcholinesterase inhibited by pesticide paraoxon (P) and DFP (D). Housefly AChE (F) and bovine red blood cell AChE (B) were used as the source of the cholinesterases. Ellman's method was taken to examine cholinesterases activity. The results show that four AChE reactivators are potent AChE reactivators, able to reach reactivation potency of more than 30% in all cases - PF, PB, DF and DB. Their reactivation potency was comparable with that of pralidoxime and even higher compared with that of HI-6, standard AChE reactivators currently available on the market.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.65-76
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that affect the smoking type among those who have used regular cigarettes, liquid or cigarette-type e-cigarettes. Methods: The subjects of analysis were 6,081 people who had smoked regular cigarettes or e-cigarettes. For data analysis, SPSS ver.25.0 statistical package program was used. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the factors affecting smoking type. Results: Factors affecting the experience of using e-cigarettes compared to regular cigarette smoking are gender and class. Academic performance, living with family members, drinking experience, and secondhand smoke in school. The factors influencing dual use compared to regular cigarette smoking were gender, class, academic performance, economic status, living with family, drinking experience, and experience of secondhand smoke in school. Smoking cessation attempts had an effect on dual use compared to regular cigarette smoking. Conclusion: Smoking cessation experience had a greater effect on e-cigarette use than regular cigarette smoking.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.307-311
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• 2009

The objectives of this study were to compare the biochemical profiles with biogroups for the identification of Cronobacter spp. (formally known as Enterobacter sakazakii) isolates using biochemical identification kits. A total of 38 Cronobacter spp. contained 5 clinical, 31 food, and 2 environmental isolates were used. All isolates were identified as Cronobacter spp. with the Vitek II system and ID 32E kit. The API 20E kit identified all isolates as Cronobacter spp. but the percentage identification was 51.1% for 16 of 38 isolates. These strains were contained to Biogroup 2, 9, 10, and 11. The utilization of inositol is a factor determining the percentage identification of Cronobacter spp. with the API 20E kit.