• 산경연구논집
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to subdivide trade transaction-centered structure in a logistics/distribution industry system to apply blockchain, to establish and resolve with which types of technology, and to provide policy direction of government institution and technology to apply blockchain in this kind of industry. Research design, data, and methodology - This study was conducted with previous researches centered on cases applied in various industry sectors on the basis of blockchain technology. Results - General fields of blockchain application include digital contents distribution, IoT platform, e-Commerce, real-estate transaction, decentralized app. development(storage), certification service, smart contract, P2P network infrastructure, publication/storage of public documents, smart voting, money exchange, payment/settlement, banking security platform, actual asset storage, stock transaction and crowd funding. Blockchain is being applied in various fields home and abroad and its application cases can be explained in the banking industry, public sector, e-Commerce, medical industry, distribution and supply chain management, copyright protection. As examined in the blockchain application cases, it is expected to establish blockchain that can secure safety through distributed ledger in trade transaction because blockchain is established and applied in various sectors of industries home and abroad. Parties concerned of trade transaction can secure visibility even in interrupted specific section when they provide it as a base for distributed ledger application in trade and establish trade transaction model by applying blockchain. In case of interrupted specific section by using distributed ledger, blockchain model of trade transaction needs to be formed to make it possible for parties concerned involved in trade transaction to secure visibility and real-time tracking. Additionally, management should be possible from the time of contract until payment, freight transfer to buyers through land, air and maritime transportation. Conclusions - In order to boost blockchain-based logistics/distribution industry, the government, institutionally, needs to back up adding legal plan of shipping, logistics and distribution, reviewing standardization of electronic switching system and coming up with blockchain-based industrial road maps. In addition, the government, technologically, has to support R&D for integration with other high technology, standardization of distribution industry's blockchain technology and manpower training to expand technology development.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.561-568
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• 2008

Due to the rapid changes in world trade and shipping environment, today's ports face ever-increasing competition, from adjacent competing ports. To this reason, port service quality has been recognized as an important strategy to take competitive advantage for those competition. In general, service quality has effect on customer loyalty, and customer loyalty is the resource to sustain competitive advantage which service providers or service producers. By improving customer loyalty, companies can get more benefits and added value. However, this causality qf port service quality has not been clearly identified. Thus, various empirical studies in relation to port service quality are needed. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of perceived port service quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty. To achieve this aim, we established 8 hypotheses based on SERVPERF in order to test correlations of 5 dimensions of port service, port service quality, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. From the result of the hypothesis testing, we found that customer satisfaction and port service quality do not affect customer loyalty in spite of high effect of port service on customer satisfaction.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제18권
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• pp.105-134
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• 2002

In the Spring of 2000, the Banking Commission of the ICC decided to appoint a working group to draft a supplement to the UCP 500 to clarify the position regarding electronic presentation under a documentary credit. Provisions was drafted to supplement its existing rules for documentary credit, that is, UCP 500. These new provisions known as Supplement to UCP 500 for Electronic Presentation was approved by the ICC Banking Commission at the beginning of November 2001 and came in force as of 1 April 2002 The eUCP covers matters such as definitions of key terms such as electronic record, electronic signature, format, paper document, received. An eUCP Credit must specify the formats in which electronic records are to be presented and if not, electronic records may be presented in any format. Electronic records may be presented separately and need not be presented at the same time. The purpose of this paper is to understand the main substance of eUCP and to facilitate the introduction of electronic letter of credit by studying the problems and revision of eUCP and new electronic UCP. The main substances of eUCP are electronic address as place for presentation of electronic records, flexibility of the formats of electronic records to be presented, endowment of the notice of completeness of presentation to the beneficiary, one electronic record satisfying one or more originals or copies of an electronic record, the electronic records to be examined including the electronic record at the hyperlink to an external system or the referenced system, no remark as to the time period for the examination of documents. The Roles of eUCP are the Promotion of the Electronic Trade, the Supply of Basis on the Uniform Rules for Electronic Letter of Credit, the introduction of Electronic Trade Model. The characteristics of eUCP are a supplement to the UCP, no address of any issues relating to the issuance or advice of Credit electronically, independence of specific technologies and developing electronic commerce system, that is, Bolero Service. The Problems of eUCP are flexibility of format of electronic record, heavy burden on the side of banks, and the problems regrading the number of presentation, the notice of completeness of presentation, no provision in regard to the time to examine the electronic records, and representation of the electronic records. In the revision of eUCP to resolve the problems, the things to be taken into consideration are as follows; the designation of the format allowing the banks to examine electronically, prohibition of the paper documents, the development of the system receiving the electronic records, the addition of the reception notice on the side of the banks, the setting of the time to examine the electronic records, the construction of the backup system or the dual processing system.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2017

Purpose - This research aims to examine the effect of e-business adoption on firm's growth and profitability in the distribution industry. The value added from the distribution industry acts as the cost of other industries. As the distribution industry develops, its stage becomes shorter and the distribution margin becomes smaller. Therefore, e-business is expected to have a different effect on the distribution industry than other industries. Research design, data and methodology - The previous research generally used e-business adoption as an independent variable and firm's performance as a dependent variable. This study elaborated the model using a dynamic panel model that includes the performance variable of the previous year as an independent variable. By employing system GMM (Generalized Method of Moments), the endogeneity problem in the dynamic panel model can be solved. For the analysis, I extracted the distribution companies as the raw data in the National Statistical Office's Business Activity Survey over the period 2006 to 2012. Results - The growth rate of firms adopting e-business was 0.299%p higher than that of the non-adopter. However, only ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning), KMS (Knowledge Management System) and SCM (Supply Chain Management) contributed positively to the growth rate. In the case of profitability, it was 0.04%p higher than the distribution companies that did not adopt e-business. ERP and LMS (Learning Management System) improve profitability, while SCM reduces profitability. Consequently, while ERP improves both growth and profitability, SCM improves growth but reduces profitability. In addition, KMS improves firm's growth only, and LMS does only profitability, showing that each e-business has a differentiated effect. Conclusions - Since the distribution industry has different characteristics from manufacturing and other service industries, the introduction of e-business may not guarantee the growth and profitability of distribution companies. Careful introduction considering the characteristics of the distribution industry is required. In particular, it is necessary to select an e-business meeting the characteristics and needs of a distribution company, and thereafter, it is required for the company's own efforts to internalize it within the system.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.47-73
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• 2009

Electronic Commerce has become the leading method of business in many countries. And related laws are being established and is operating in Korea and China. In this circumstance, Korea's electronic signature law was enacted on February 5, 1999, and has been applied from July 1, 1999. But China's electronic signature law was enacted on August 28, 2004, and has been formally applied from April 1, 2005. This paper is to drive problems of the electronic signature system and law and to show the whole point to be considered in enterprise and the present status of internal and external service under the basis of electronic trade. The purpose of this study aims to present a comparative analysis on the Korean and Chinese electronic signature system and law. In addition to, another point of this paper is suggestions for improvement of legal problem.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.227-245
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• 2014

선화증권의 위기문제를 해결하기 위한 UN과 CMI 노력의 발판으로 볼레로 선화증권이 도입된 지 상당한 시간이 흘렀지만 아직까지 전자선화증권이 실질적으로 도입되지 않고 있는데 이는 법률적, 제도적으로 해결하지 못한 과제가 남아있기 때문이다. 특히 볼레로 선화증권의 경우에는 도입초기에 개별국가의 전자무역사업자들과의 협업사업모델을 제시하지 못하여 제대로 이용되지 않고 있는 실정이다. 국제적으로 볼레로 선화증권의 운영이 제대로 이루어지 않고 있는 상황에서 한국 상법에서는 전자선화증권의 등록기관 지정제도를 도입하여 현재 KTNET이 법무부에 의해 등록기관으로 지정되어 있으며 전자선화증권 서비스를 개시하였다. 그러나 한국의 상법모델은 볼레로 선화증권보다 글로벌차원에서 많은 문제점을 안고 있다. 이러한 문제점은 또한 등록기관 지정제도상의 특징과도 연관되어 있다. 따라서 본 논문은 한국 전자선화증권 등록기관 지정제도를 살펴보고 지정제도 상의 특징을 도출하고 그 특징과 관련된 이슈와 문제점을 규명함으로써 한국에서 전자선화증권이 보다 활성화되는데 그 연구목적을 두고 있다.

• 정보학연구
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.147-162
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• 2003

본 논문은 전자무역거래의 환경하에서 활용될 수 있는 전자결제시스템의 유형과 현재 제공되고 있는 국제전자결제시스템의 활용상의 문제점을 살펴 보고 전자무역을 활성화할 수 있는 전자결제시스템의 발전방안을 모색하는데 그 목적을 두었다. 현재 전자무역거래에서 활용될 수 있는 전자결제시스템은 전자화폐(electronic cash), 전자수표(electronic check), 전자자금이체(electronic fund transfer), 트레이드카드(tradecard) 및 스위프트 시스템에 의한 전자신용장(electronic L/C by SWIFT system) 등이 있다. 하지만 이들에 대한 전자결제시스템의 보안성, 안정성 및 연동성을 포함하는 제도와 인프라가 제대로 구축되고 있지 않아 사용하는데 한계성을 가지고 있다. 따라서 아직 정착되고 있지 못한 국제전자결제시스템의 발전을 위해서는 정보보안기술과 인증시스템의 구축이 필요하고, 걸제서류가 전자문서로 교환될 수 있도록 해야 한다. 또한 스위프트시스템의 네트워크를 스위프트넷에 의하여 모든 당사자간에 연동시켜 안정성 있게 운용되어야 하고 기업간 거래를 위한 전자신용장을 정착시켜야 한다. 이와 더불어 전자결제와 관련된 법적${\cdot}$제도적인 국내외 인프라를 구축하여 국제전자결제시스템의 통합적 지침을 제공할 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.3-21
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• 2016

본 연구는 SWIFTNet TSU 선행연구의 고찰과 함께 지원업무의 내용을 살펴본 후, 이를 토대로 전자무역에 활용하기 위한 전략점 시사점을 분석하였으며 그 결과 얻어진 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, SWIFTNet TSU BPO의 거래를 개시할 때에 은행과 수입업자가 교환한 거래약정서에서 은행의 채권보전에 관한 규정을 설정하는 조치가 필요하다. 아울러 송금방식의 결제보다 비용은 더 들어가지만 SWIFTNet TSU BPO는 수출자에게 자금공여를 해주는 장점을 가지므로 수입자의 입장에서는 수출자와 매매계약을 할 때 제품 가격 인하의 주도권을 확보할 수 있다고 보았다. 둘째, SWIFTNet TSU BPO도 단일화된 공유기반의 플랫폼을 구축함으로써 보안성과 안정성 및 편리성을 갖추어야 한다. 이를 위하여 은행은 업무처리에 대한 서비스를 제공하기 위한 새로운 시스템을 구축할 필요가 있다. 나아가 SWIFTNet TSU BPO가 완전한 글로벌 시스템으로 완성되기 위해서 전세계의 무역거래자들이 만족할 수 있는 획기적인 결제 솔루션으로 거듭나야 하며 전자무역 결제시스템을 위한 기술적 표준화가 선결되어야 한다. 셋째, SWIFTNet TSU BPO를 은행결제와 다른 부가가치의 무역서비스 기능과 융합시키며 신속성, 외환결제 리스크 경감, 편리성, 비용절약 측면에서 우위성을 갖고 있으므로 여러 국가에서 더욱 편리하게 사용할 수 있도록 은행과 수출입업자, SWIFT의 협력 강화가 이루어져야 한다. 넷째, 무역유관기관들은 빠른 시일안에 은행지급확약통일규칙(URBPO)에 관한 지식의 습득이 요구되며 제도적으로 신속하게 확산될 수 있도록 글로벌 차원의 노력이 필요하다. 이와 함께 참여은행들에게는 거래 수수료에 대한 충분한 보상도 이루어져야 한다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.5-15
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• 2010

Business corporations have become specialized and on the basis of various interests try to strengthen their competitiveness through a cooperative system of purchase, distribution, service and IT technology. And an advanced Internet-based electronic commerce has witnessed explosive growth and a business-to-business (B2B) electronic commerce. Through E-marketplace. business corporations achieve such diverse utilities as expenditure curtailment, process reduction and prime cost reduction. And with business depression worldwide and soaring prices of materials, many business corporations consider the introduction of comprehensive purchase of MRO (maintenance, repair and operation) materials. The Purpose of this study was to examine the definition of B2B E-marketplace and the utilities of MRO commerce correctly focusing on an empirical analysis of cases of MRO supply and purchase business corporations. The indications acquired from this research results are as follows. Firstly, as for MRO integrated purchase under the characteristics of the market environment, it had to use the supplier obligatorily through the integrated purchase on the level of CEO's decision-making or the group rather than the voluntary will of the purchasing department or the procurement department. Secondly, as for the present B2B E-marketplace MRO purchase, the purchasing agency business has formed the mainstream, but it is aiming at the diversification of the benefit by supplementing/correcting the business model such as category type, mediation business type, MRO-type advancing in the store inclusive of the purchasing agency business, keeping pace with the potential market of MRO. Thirdly, as for analysis of the products, the purchaser wants more various products and assortment of goods than those of the present time, and also to be provided with the precise product information. Especially, as the importance of the product sourcing becomes high, the whole energy has been bestowed on acquirement of the excellent suppliers. Fourth, as for use of B2B E-marketplace MRO integrated purchasing system, there are the purchasing companies complaining the inconvenience even until now, and there is the demerit spending the long time during the image move and the process treatment. It shall try to shorten the searching time and the process treatment time as the system is centered on the purchaser. In order to enhance the efficiency of MRO E-marketplace purchase, followings must be considered: First, because the importance of product sources ever increases, an excellent supplier must be secured earnestly. Second, the time of process must be reduced focusing on purchasers. B2B E-marketplace will increase and diversify electronic commerce continuously. Through MRO E-marketplace, business corporations will reduce expenditure, achieve a transparent and speedy trade, and purchase products of fine quality, thus establishing a most effective market. In addition, in this study the investigator brings focus into MRO which has not been clearly discussed in the academic and business world so far and intensively highlights an indirect material-oriented expenditure curtailment effect. By taking all the aspects of supplier, purchaser and practical economical value into account, the investigator presents a strategic direction for the successful comprehensive purchase of B2B MRO.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.63-79
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• 2004

Peer-to-peer(P2P) has potential strength and possible factors which enable it to develop toward a new business by supplementing the limitation of the existing central server-type network. In various business sectors, various attempts have already been made to apply P2P. The computing power which was possible to be formed through peer-to-peer networking will become a powerful tools for expanding toward new business area depending the utilization methods by sector. Although the technology-centric P2P concept is a major interest now, its development direction will head toward service-centric P2P concept for satisfying desires of end-users(individual peers) for reliable contents and improving their purchasing convenience. But the solution requisites should be solved for the efficient application of P2P to business such as the establishment of and supplement for the industrial standard and legal system for P2P, the enhancement of peers recognition of P2P. Presently e-commerce using P2P is being implemented by a few enterprises locally by means of B2C. But if many enterprises enter this type of e-commerce, and the standardization of peer programmes, goods and documents is made, it will be able to be extended to B2B. Also it seems that it can be utilized in international transactions as well as in domestic transactions. So there is much room for the application of P2P to be extended further. Also there has been presented the necessity for related industries to support their work with theories and for academic studies to be made actively to set the direction of its development. It is hoped that multi-angled and in-depth studies on the utilization of P2P and various attempts to application of it to business be made on the basis of this study. For the development of P2P, continuous study and attempts are needed. The field of P2Ps application is very large and it will become a powerful tool, depending upon its application methods.