• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.99-108
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• 2010

In this paper I tried to find out changed and improved streetscape through the simulation using components of streetscape abstracted by factor analysis after analyzing present situation and problems of the streetscape for housing developments prepared on publis water surface. An analysis object is located in Haeundae Marine City in Busan. As a result of analysing the streetscape of marine city at present, I could see that main problems were discontinuous street space that did not reflect the characteristic of seashore, uncomfortable and insecure passage owing to coexistence street at seashore, insufficient street facilities for pedestrians, and disordered outdoor signboards. Therefore, I put the causal problems of marine city's streetscape in the insufficient street components, disharmony, and discontinuity so analysed the simulation elements applying selected street components and evaluated them to deduce demand factors having common meaning. As the result, the common demand factors were 'street furniture', 'harmonious streetscape with surrounding', 'landscape with natural openness', and 'landscape with dynamic symbol' in the order. So it needs to stress on a plan for proper arrangement of 'street facilities' and symbolic streetscape having continuity and harmony with surrounding so that the plan can proceed more properly for marine city's identity.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.137-184
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• 2011

This article is aimed at understanding the political narratives represented in the National Museum of Indonesia. Starting initially as a colonial museum, the National Museum of Indonesia functioned as a useful tool for the Dutch colonial force to fuel its imaginations of the colonial territory and the people within it. The Dutch used the cultural display to advertize its benevolent colonial rule. All the while, the museum also inevitably reflected orientalism on the people and the culture of the colony. The republic of Indonesia inherited the colonial museum's practices and its display patterns. The business surrounding the museum also played a key role in the newly-born nation-state laying out a future for its redefined territory and people. Thus, what the colonial force imagined for the colonial territory through the study of museum displays was rather directly transferred to the republic without serious consideration of the decolonization process. Four main characteristics have been seen in the museum displays. The first is an emphasis on the glorious Hindu-Buddha history, from which numerous temples, statues, and jewelry have been found. Secondly, the Islamic period, which spanned between the Hindu-Buddha times to the colonial era, has almost completely been eliminated from the display. Third, the colonial era has been depicted as the time of Europe's exportation of scientific tools and adaption of sophisticated living patterns. Fourth, the images of ethnic groups were represented as being stagnant without reflecting any challenges and responses that these groups had faced throughout history. Looking at these display patterns, it can be concluded that all the dynamic internal developments and anti-colonial resistance that took place during the Islamic and Colonial Era have simply not been represented in the museum display. These display patterns do not reflect the real history or culture of the archipelago. Two considerations are thought to have influenced the neglecting of social realities in the display. The first of which is the Dutch's and Republic's apprehension over the possible political upheaval by the Islamic forces. Yet, more fundamentally, cultural displays themselves are distinct from historical education in that the former pays more attention to business ideas with an aim to attract tourists rather than to project objective historical knowledge. Thus, in cultural displays, objects which work to stimulate fantasies and spur curiosity on archipelagic culture tend to be selected and emphasized. In this process, historical objectivity is sometimes considered less vital. Cultural displays are set up to create more appealing narratives for viewers. Therefore, if a narrative loses its luster, it will be replaced by another flashy and newly-resurrected memory. This fact reveals that museums, as transmitters of historical knowledge, have a certain degree of limitation in playing their role.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.41
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• pp.299-320
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• 2015

Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland expands scope of Children's Literature genre by introducing the discourse of pleasure as opposed to that of didactic discipline. Carroll's narrative is important, not only for children's literature, but also as a forerunner of post/modernism of James Joyce with its language play and linguistic invention. Its treatment of Alice's body change follows the motif of body transformation in myth and literature. Comparing "stasis" of Susan Sontag's character Alice (James) in her play Alice in Bed and "movement" of Carroll's Alice, this study explores the issues of woman's alienation and the dichotomy of mobility/immobility in reality and in their literary representations. Focusing on a female child's double alienation as woman and child, I argue Alice's Adventures in Wonderland is a counter-narrative of alternative bildungsroman. Alice gains her subjectivity through her adventure by power of language and story-telling. Through representation of the dream/adventure of two desiring sisters, Carroll's narrative exhibits subversion of social order and emergence of new order of "chaosmos" out of chaos. As a method of study, this study traces genealogy of "curiosity" in myth and literature as a motivating force that triggers adventure and argues "creative curiosity" is a dynamic energy propelling Alice's adventure.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.33
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• pp.195-222
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• 2016

This study says that giving a life through the mixed power of motions which can not be fixed. It is a fundamental activity of the art of dance. In the fact, the art of dance is defined as the most instinctive and intuitive arts show that dance is a harmony of emotion on the body, thus, this view wants to discuss the relations between "sense and body". This view doesn't focus on the mere motions of dancing form, but characterizes dance as an art of another vitality through the mixture and combination of these motions. In other words, this study emphasizes that dance transcends time and space on stages, and that dance, as an expression of identity, is an art which shows a sense from inside of human. Therefore, when we want to understand the true meaning of the art of dance, we should attend what attributes of dance define it as an art and show its creative. This study, thus, seeing those attributes as the life-giving function of dance, aims to help understand the principle meaning of the art of dance that realizes creation as well as the attitudes of audience who appreciate the art of dance. And by doing so, this study contemplates how we should see the creative idea of choreography, forming sympathy and the art of dance.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.73
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• pp.55-72
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• 2023

Recently, religious communities have devised multiple practical training programs for spiritual formation and direction. In this study, we define Christian spiritual formation as a lifelong journey of growing, progressing, increasing and strengthening toward wholeness in the image of Christ. In dialogue with J. Edwards' theology of spiritual sense, this essay suggests three major points of holistic spiritual formation in depth: first, spiritual Formation is a process; second, spiritual formation should attend to the balance between God's Initiative and Human Agency; third, holistic spiritual formation is a process to seek God-self. Spiritual formation is not a static status acquired by several techniques, methods or programs. It is a formative process through which one prepares to comprehend divine love and purpose. Spiritual formation is a dynamic process to respond to the One who shapes our life path with increasing faithfulness. Holistic comprehension of Christian spiritual formation will assist postmodern people to find meaning, value, purpose, and identity through deeper experiences with God in the midst of the fragmented and troubled world, so that they could restore wholeness in the image of God.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.21-42
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• 2021

This study was conducted to derive a Korean model that can permanently maintain and develop Korea. After analyzing Korean society, especially modern Korea, which was the foundation of the founding of the Republic of Korea, a Korean model that can lead Korean society as a sustainable society in human society was derived. The situation of Korea and Koreans was analyzed from a fundamental level. We analyzed the root causes of deepening division and conflict and vague concepts of freedom and justice, and presented a Korean model of the Republic of Korea based on the founding ideology and constitutional spirit of the Republic of Korea to solve these problems. The necessary conditions for being a Korean were derived from the founding ideology and constitutional spirit of the Republic of Korea, the indigenous ideology of Korea, and the fashion and lifestyle of Koreans, derived. In addition, basic axioms for the Korean model were presented, and the structure of the Korean model was designed based on this. The Korean model is presented so that Korean society can lead the human society and be happy for a long time. Reflecting the results of in-depth analysis of the ideological foundations of modern Koreans, a new long-term sustainable structure for Koreans with various ideologies to live well together was proposed. The new Korean model was named the service-oriented Korean model. This is because it is a model centered on thorough checks and balances between all opponents, because it is a multidimensional dynamic Korean model rather than a simple linear one-dimensional Korean model, and because it is a Hwajaengtaeguk model that accurately expresses the identity of Koreans. It was proposed as a model for the sustainable development of Korean society. A follow-up study on specific Korean education programs is needed in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.74-86
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to deduce the landscape evaluation indices that can be applied from the preparation for the registration of major national farm/fishery heritages to post-management. For this purpose, the Delphi survey was performed on experts. From August to November in 2014, the primary open survey, secondary open survey, and tertiary closed survey were performed to gather opinions from 28 experts, 25 experts, and 29 experts, respectively. As a result, the landscape evaluation indices for farm/fishery heritage consisted of five areas of evaluation, ten items of evaluation, and 40 indices of evaluation. The areas of evaluation were rurality, authenticity, aesthetics, tourism potentials, and locality. Rurality was classified into rurality of farm/fishery towns and nostalgia. Authenticity was classified into objective authenticity and existential authenticity. Aesthetics was classified into attractiveness and harmony. Tourism potentials were classified into value of resources and value of usability. Locality was divided into physical originality and cultural identity. The study made the following findings: first, the general grounds of farm/fishery landscape evaluation cannot be applied when evaluating the quality of landscapes of farm/fishery heritage, as their value as a cultural heritage should be considered. Second, the new indices valued emotional factors in addition to the physical factors considered by the existing farm/fishery landscapes. The new indices involved a more expanded concept of landscapes as it also considers everyday or temporary activities, including the farm/fishery activities of local people or participation in festivals and experience programs. Third, farm/fishery heritage focuses on the lives of local people, as it involves both the synchronic and the diachronic perspectives to see what is currently visible and what is no longer visible. This brings into consideration not only the farms and the natural environments but also their relationships with the villages, especially the residential areas. Finally, the indices reflected both the farm/fishery heritage's value as cultural heritage and its value for tourism. They derived temporary and dynamic landscapes, including the trading activities of local specialty markets in relation to the production landscapes. However, further studies should be conducted as this study could not rate the relative importance of indices or compare the total scores of landscapes without the weight of each item.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.1 s.63
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• pp.253-262
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• 2006

Research of color has been developed and also has raised consumer desire through changing from a tool to pursue curiosity or beauty to a tool creating effects in the 20th century. People have been interested in colors as a dynamic expression of results since the color TV appeared. The meaning of colors has been recently diversified as the roles of colors became important to the emotional aspects of design. While auto colors have developed along with such changes of the times, black led the color trend during the first half of the 20th century from 1900 to 1950, a transitional period of economic growth and world war. Since then, automobile production has increased apace with the rapid economic growth throughout the world and automobiles became the most expensive item out of the goods that people use. Accordingly, increasing production induced facility investment in mass production and a technology leveling was achieved. Auto manufacturing processes are very complicated, auto makers gradually recognized that software changes such as to colors or materials was an easier way for the improvement of brand identity as opposed to hardware changes such as the mechanical or design components of the body. Color planning and development systems were segmented in various aspects. In the segmentation issue, pigment technology and painting methods are important elements that have an influence on body colors and have a higher technical correlation with colors than in other industries. In other words, the advanced mixture of pigments is creating new body colors that have not existed previously. This diversifies the painting structure and methods and so maximizes the transparency and depth of body colors. Thus, body colors that are closely related to technical factors will increase in the future and research on color preferences by region have been systemized to cope with global competition due to the expansion and change of auto export regions.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.47-79
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• 2019

The Korean Society of Law and Medicine has faithfully played the role of professional academic organizations last 20 years in terms of academic activities, accumulated achievements, diversity, professionalism, and influence on academic circles. The Korean Society of Law and Medicine and the Journal of Medical Law serve as a platform for academic information and exchange of opinions on medical law. Medical law began in the midst of increasing conflicts and disputes caused by medical malpractice and the enactment and legal coercion of medical care as pressure on medical workers. It tried to find a way to coexist with each other through the encounter and convergence of medicine and law. Medical criminal law extends from traditional crimes in the realm of life and body protection to bioethics violations caused by the development of biomedical technology, corruption and economic crime in the medical field. Medical law has evolved into a comprehensive legal area dealing with legal issues raised in medical treatment, healthcare, bioethics, and life sciences technology. On the legal side, medical law is not independent legal areas. It is overlapping with traditional law areas such as civil law, administrative law, criminal law, social law, civil and criminal procedure law. However, it is now established as a convergence study in medicine, bioethics, life science, as well as in various fields of law. It has become an area where collaboration is needed with the field of law, medicine, ethics, sociology and economics. Medical criminal law has undergone a dynamic development over the last two decades. The development of medicine and medical technology provides new and innovative methods of diagnosis and treatment. The achievements and risks of revolutionary developments in biotechnology, genetic engineering and medicine coexist. While there is a dazzling achievement that mankind has hoped for: combating disease and improving health, it also creates unwanted side effects and risks to humans. There is a need to reconsider ethical and legal principles. The discovery and development of patient identity and autonomy has changed the medical doctor-patient relationship. Furthermore, it was complicated by the triangle relationship of patients, medical doctors and insurance. Legal matters are also complicated. This is why the necessity of legislation is emerging. Criminal punishment provisions are also required. The Medical Law and Biomedical Law are systematically and coherently deformed as mosaic-based legislation that takes place whenever there are social issues, citizens' needs, and medical organizations' interests, rather than sufficient enactment and revision procedures. It needs a complete overhaul, and this is possible through interdisciplinary collaboration which is the strength of The Korean Society of Law and Medicine.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.5-40
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• 2002

Using detailed data of women's work history, this study analyses the transition process between employment and non-employment over the life history in order to identity individual and structural determinants in the processes. Korean women comprise very heterogeneous groups in terms of work continuity: one group having a continuous work history and another having an interrupted work experience. While 4.0% of total women have stayed in the labor market since leaving school, 17.3% have not worked outside at all and remaining 87.9% have experienced into and out of the labor market at least once. On the average, the cumulated time of employment per woman is 8.2 years and the cumulated time of unemployment is 13.1 years. Thus Korean women work a total of only 38.5% of their whole lifetime after leaving school. We can conclude that the increase of the employment rate of married women in Korea since the 1970s has been due to the increase of the new entrants with short or little working careers into the labor market, not to the increase of women's work continuity on the whole. A women's educational achievement does not seem to be positively related to employment duration, contrary to the suggestion of the human capital theory, Rather, family variables, especially the existence of the child under 6 yens old, is a more significant determining factor for an individual's exit from employment. And there is little difference among different age cohorts which implies little improvement in the employment continuity of younger women. This study also documents the importance of structural variables, such as the type of occupation, as significant determining factors for the hazard rate. Specially women with professional jobs tend to stay longer in the labor market. Therefore, women's entry into more professional occupations is expected to contribute to the continuity of employment. Our results also show that duration-dependence is not spurious. When unobserved heterogeneity is controlled, the negative relation between the rate from employment and the duration of employment does not disappear.