• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.398-405
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• 1997

과거 8년간의(1985-1992) 통계에 의하면 정면과 측면 충돌시 구속 시스텡의 하나인 Airbag장착 차량의 사망자 및 중상자 수가 현저히 감소하고 있는 것으로 나타나고있다. 그 러나 최근 소비자로 부터의 Airbag에 관한 불만을 보고 받고 있다. 즉 구속효과를 발휘함에 있어 부수적으로 인체 부상을 유발하고 있다는 것이다. 사망내지는 심각한 부상은 방지하고 있으나 경미한 부상은 오히려 증가하고 또한 신체가 적은 여성 운전자나 6세 이하의 어린이 에게는 심각한 부상의 우려가 있다는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 구속시스템의 총아인 Airbag 시스템의 심각한 부수적인 부상 보고를 입증하기 위하여 우리나라 어린이 6세 신체를 기준 으로하여 구속시스템을 착용하지 않았을 경우(실제로 많은 경우), seat belt만 착용시, Airbag만 작용시, 그리고 seat belt와 Airbag을 동시에 사용할 때를 컴퓨터 Simulation Package 이용 신체 dynamic을 모의실험 하였다. 실험결과, 기존에 알려진바와 같이 구속시스템을 사용하지 않았을 경우에 부상은 매우 컸다. 신체 사이즈가 작은 어린이 혹은 여성 운전자의 경우 Seat belt만을 사용한 경우는 Airbag만을 사용한 경우보다는 부상정도가 약간 경미하였으나 두 경우 모두 인체가 구속시스템의 구속 범위를 이탈하여 구속 시스템으로써의 역할을 충분히 하지 못하고 있었다. 특히 Seat belt와 Airbag을 동시에 사용하였을시에도 Airbag이 충분히 개선된 이후라도 신체 사이즈가 작은 경우에는 흉부부위에 의한 충격 흡수가 먼저 이루어지지 못하고, 머리에 먼저 Airbag이 접촉이 되어 충격 흡수 역할보다는 반동효과가 더 커서 머리 및 몸체가 뒤로 Rebound 하는 효과로 머리, 혹은 목의 신체 부상한계를 넘고 있어 큰 부상 내지는 사망에 이르고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 사료된다.의 결과는 자전거 에르고노미터의 결과가 트레드밀의 결과에 87.60%정도 나타났다.음을 관찰하였다. 특히 vitamin C와 E의 병용투여는 상승적으로 적용하여 간세포손상을 더욱 억제시킴을 알 수 있었다.mance and on TFP(Total Factor Productivity) growth which is a pure measure of firm performance. To utilize the advantage of panel data, FEM(Fixed Effect Model) and REM(Random Effect Model) were used. The empirical result shows that the entropy index as a measurement of inter-business relatedness is not significant but technological relatedness index is significant. OLS estimates on pooled data were considerably different from FEM or REM estimates on panel data. By introducing interaction effect among the three variables for business portfolio properties, we obtained three findings. First, only VI (Vertical integration) has a significant positive correlation with ROS. Second, when using TFP growth as an dependent variable, both TR(Technological Relatedness) and f[ are significant and positively rel

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.52-68
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to be inquired inner contemplation of the tattoo expressed in the modern costumes. For this study, related documentaries and pictures or photos were analyzed in terms of the theretical background for the history of tattoo, the relation between tattoo and the modern western costumes. The primary source of pictures or photos are Vogue, Collections, Collezioni, Harper\`s Bazaar, Modain, Model et Mode etc. The human\`s needs of body decoration had constantly pursued on the body and costumes from the first until lately. Especially in the recents, as the tattoo is implicated a dynamic and charming method of all kinds of body decoration, it\`s used a motive of modern western costumes. The original tattoo means a picture, word etc. that was put permanently onto their skin using a needle and coloring matter. But, these days tattoo is an expression of street style for something new in the subculture. The results were as a follows : The inner meaning of tattoo represented in the modern costumes was classified into two categories. First, the tattooing was a very important factor to complete fashion design through the history of modern costumes, and also the elaborate tattoo of the body was displayed unrestricted formativeness as the skinhead\`s tattoo, raceless\`s ambiguity of street style and artistic decoration, because that can be faded easily. Second, Tattoo Look was expressed as tattoo prints of the see-through, elastic textiles in the modern costumes. That is, the tattoo enhanced the effect of dramatic atmosphere other formative arts as well as the modern costumes by Tattoo Look. Similarity, Tattoo Look could be interpreted as the change of the aesthetic consciousness by the influence of the subculture. Accordingly, in the end of a this century, many experimental designers had applied tattoo to modern costumes. So this study will stand as an important clue to foresee the future costume\`s style and change.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.1215-1224
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• 2016

Climate information of the high resolution grid units is an important factor to explain the phenomenon in a variety of research field. Statistical linear interpolation models are computationally inexpensive and applicable to any climate data compared to the dynamic simulation method at regional scales. In this paper, we considered four different linear-based statistical interpolation models: general linear model, generalized additive model, spatial linear regression model, and Bayesian spatial linear regression model. The climate variable of interest was the daily mean temperature, where the spatial variability was explained using geographic terrain information: latitude, longitude, elevation. The data were collected by weather stations in January from 2003 and 2012. In the sense of RMSE and correlation coefficient, Bayesian spatial linear regression model showed better performance in reflecting the spatial pattern compared to the other models.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.91-103
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• 2004

A series of shaking table model tests were performed to verify the validity of similitude law, which is suggested by lai (1989) to simulate the dynamic behavior of soil-fluid-structure system for is shaking table tests. In the tests, the similitude law suggested by lai was applied to determine the length and the time scaling factors. Also, the steady state concept was used in determining the density of model backfill soil, which is a key factor in simulating the development of excess pore pressure during shaking. The similitude law was verified by checking whether three different sizes of quay walls show the identical behavior or not. The similar responses of acceleration, excess pore pressure and horizontal displacement of walls were obtained far the small and large models. However, the medium model showed larger responses than those of the small and large models because of the resonance between the frequency of input acceleration and the natural frequency of the wall system. In addition, the vertical displacement and rotational angle of the walls became larger with the increase of model size.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.23-44
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• 2016

We conducted this research for the purpose of examining the effects of organizational culture on service quality and customer satisfaction in the military hospital organizations in Korea. The research samples were collected from employees in 12 military hospitals belonged to the Armed Forces Command. For the analysis we used SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 20.0 program for conducting reliability tests, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation model analysis in order to find the relationship between the variables analyzed. The result of this study shows that the military hospitals in Korea have strong relationship-oriented culture, but weak hierarchy-oriented culture. Among the three groups of military hospitals, innovation-oriented culture and relationship-oriented culture were the strongest in the executive agency hospital group, task-oriented culture was the strongest in the group of the he frontline hospitals and hierarchy-oriented culture was the strongest in the group of the rear area hospitals. It was found that the executive agency hospitals have the strongest service quality and customer satisfaction among the hospital groups analyzed. This research also found that relationship-oriented culture and innovation-oriented culture have a direct positive(+) effect on service quality; hierarchy oriented culture has a direct negative(-) effect on service quality; task oriented culture has a direct positive(+) effect on customer satisfaction, and service quality mediated between organizational culture and customer satisfaction. The findings from this study suggests that implementing the dynamic strategies for organizational culture with focus on service qualities is needed given that customer satisfaction in the military hospitals is highly affected by service quality.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.13C no.1 s.104
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• pp.1-10
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• 2006

Ubiquitous computing, a new type of network environment has been generating much interest recently and has been actively studied. In ubiquitous computing, the sensor network which consists of low electric power ad-hoc network-based sensors and sensor nodes, is particularly the most important factor The sensor network serves as the mediator between ubiquitous computing and the actual environment. Related studies are focused on network . management through lightweight hardware using RFID. However, to apply these to actual environment, more practical scenarios as well as more secured studies equipped with secures and efficiency features are needed. Therefore, this study aims to build a wireless network based on PTD for multi users, which provides the largest utility in individual networks, and propose an appropriate management method. The proposed method is designed to enhance security and efficiency related to various services required in wireless networks, based on the reliable peripheral devices for users or pm. using pm, which has been applied to electronic commerce transactions in existing papers, this study also proposed an appropriate management method that is suitable for a dynamic environment and setting a temporary group to provide various services.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.6 no.2 s.20
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• pp.73-79
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to enhance the development of construction waste-recycling technologies and its economical efficiency by developing environment-friendly tetrapod, precast concrete, where recycled aggregate is used in order to promote recycling of waste concrete. The results of concrete mechanic characteristics experiments by the circulation coarse aggregate-replacement ratio are as the following. The circulation aggregate is lower and higher than natural aggregate in specific gravity and absorption ratio, respectively so that in case of mix proportioning, unit volume increases, while unit aggregate amount decreases. From the result, sufficient experiments of physical characteristics of circulation aggregate are required to get proper mix proportioning. When circulation aggregate-replacement ratio increases, compressive strength tends to decrease comprehensively, but 50% of replacement ratio is good enough to use. When circulation coarse aggregate's replacement ratio is 0%, drying shrinkage, which causes cracks in concrete and deteriorates durability, shows the minimum length change and the higher the ratio, the larger the length change. Thus. when using circulation coarse aggregate, drying shrinkage should be fairly examined. In freezing-and-thawing resistance, weight loss tends to comprehensively increase its loss at the circulation aggregate-mixed site. And the examination of surface aggregate-omission ratio is further needed and dynamic elastic modulus and durability factor(DF) require more study as well. In order to use circulation aggregate to tetrapod, a clear standard for strength should be first prepared and at the same time, more study about durability is needed.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.97-103
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• 2004

Most of the columns in centrally braced steel frame buildings are usually designed as the gravity columns to reduce connection cost. For a rational seismic performance evaluation of centrally braced steel frame buildings, it is important to properly incorporate in the analysis  the P-${\Delta}$ effects arising from the gravity columns. An effective scheme for the P-${\Delta}$ effects modeling due to the gravity columns was illustrated based on the concept of fictitious leaning column. Seismic performance evaluation of inverted V braced steel frames with or without P-${\Delta}$ effects modeling was conducted by following the FEMA 273 NSP (Nonlinear Static Procedure). The problem in estimating dynamic P-${\Delta}$ modification factor (C3) in FEMA 273 was discussed. The results of this study indicated that the P-${\Delta}$ effects should be included in the seismic performance evaluation of centrally braced steel frames. This study also showed that the inverted V braced frames, retrofitted by applying the tie bars to redistribute the inelastic demand over the height of the building, exhibit significantly improved seismic performance.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.361-367
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• 2010

The barrel cam, which is a type of cylindrical cam, has been widely used as a part of index drive units for automatic manufacturing machines. The axis of rotation of the barrel cam is orthogonal to the axis of rotation of the follower. The index drive rotates or dwells depending on the cam profile, while the cam rotates with a constant velocity. Continuous sliding contact between the barrel cam and the follower surfaces causes wearing of the adhesive between them. This study shows that the contact force between two sliding bodies is responsible for the wear of the barrel cam in the paper-cup-forming machine. This contact force is calculated by using the multibody dynamics model of the paper-cup-forming machine. The analytical result is validated by comparing it to the actual wear spots on the real product.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.456-464
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• 2014

Commercial vehicle drivers typically feel more fatigued compared to general-public drivers. because they spend longer periods of time driving and experience more rough road conditions. This study showed that the application of a magnet, a linear spring, and a seat suspension with nonlinear characteristics was the optimal design to increase comfort while driving. The resonant frequency for the optimal design suspension was 2.8 Hz, and the stiffness was analyzed through displacement-load experiments. Vibration transmissibility was analyzed by suspension stiffness and the existing dynamic compression. The magnetic spring type was at 0.875. As a result, the X-type magnetic spring performed better than the existing spring at 0.729.