• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.414-420
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• 2009

오리나무 열매 추출물을 사용하여 한지를 염색하여 매염제, 염액의 농도, 염색보조제가 색한지의 색과 염착량, 광견뢰도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 제조한 색한지는 갈색을 나타냈으며 매염제를 사용하면 염화철과 초산구리의 경우 염착량이 증가하였고, 명반과 염화철 매염의 경우 $a^*$와 $b^*$ 값이 조금 줄어드는 것을 볼 수 있었으나 변화 크기는 작았다. 염액의 농도가 증가하면 염착량이 증가하였고 $L^*$ 값은 작아져서 색이 약간 어두워지고, $b^*$ 값은 커져서 노란색을 더 많이 띠었다. 염착제를 사용하면 염색성이 크게 향상되며 명반과 초산구리 매염한 경우보다 무매염과 염화철 매염한 한지에서 염색성의 향상이 더 컸다. 가속열화시험 결과 염착제를 사용한 색한지의 퇴색정도가 무처리 색한지보다 더 컸는데, 그 중 초산구리 매염을 한 색한지의 퇴색이 가장 작았다.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.35-47
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• 2013

We know that humans are able to live comfortably when there is a balance between the living environment that surrounds us and us. Clothing, one of the necessities of life, serves a dual purpose of functioning as protection for the body as well as providing visual satisfaction, and so is the most effective bonding mechanism. A different type of comfort that has been provided through industrialization and advancements in technology has resulted in pollution problems in the environment, and it has reached a point of seriously thinking about its effects. The biggest problems in environmental pollution are air pollution and waste disposal, and something that cannot be ignored is that environmental hormones and harmful heavy metals have been discovered in the synthetic dyes used in the clothing product, and not only are they harmful to the body, but they also have adverse effects on skin allergies such as atopic dermatitis. Its effects on clothing, especially underwear and baby products, can become a serious issue. The use of natural vegetable dye can be considered the basis for the traditional Korean dyeing process, however not all natural dyeing process can be thought of as traditional Korean dyeing. This is because natural dyeing used to be the most common method of dyeing before synthetic dyes came along and became the dye of choice for most clothing. Natural dyes are beneficial to the body, and the nature colors, achieved from the natural materials, relieve eye strains as well as have a healing effect for people who are suffering from psychological instability such as stress. However, the use of mordant in order to increase the fastness and get better color effects can lead to even more damage to the environment, and it cannot be a dyeing method that is good for the body. Traditional natural dyeing is different from regular natural dyeing because it uses colors that the Korean people can identify with and applies specific methods in order to achieve those colors. Even though experimental study with dyestuff and practical use of the dyeing methods for traditional Korean dyeing has been started(Soh, H., 1983) and has been ongoing, it is still not easy for regular people to use the method on their own. At the present time, natural dye materials are getting made and sold more than ever, but there is a lot of confusion among consumers regarding the difference between traditional Korean dyeing and natural dyeing, as companies are using the two terms interchangeably to market their natural dye products. So getting a better understanding of the characteristics of traditional Korean dyeing and traditional colors should be considered first priority at this time. The purpose of this thesis is to study the traditional Korean view of color, which developed the culture of traditional dyeing in Korea, and the characteristics of traditional Korean dyeing, a method that pursued achieving Korea's color through natural dyeing.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2002

Compared with synthetic dyes, natural dyes have inferior colorfastness as a result of the exposure of the material to any environment that may be encountered during the processing, testing, storage, display or use of the dyed materials. Especially, colors on fabrics fade excessively after washing. Therefore, it is problem to infer the historic textiles with natural-dyed fabrics. The object of this study is to analyse the factors affected to colorfastness and color change during washing. In experimental, fifteen natural dyes were dyed by the Korean traditional dyeing methods onto natural fiber fabrics: cotton, silk, ramie, and flex. Total 49 dyed fabrics in combination with dyes and fibers were used for the specimen. The Launder-Ometer was used for evaluating the effects of exposure to repetitive washing from 1 to 20 washing cycles (KS K 0430). Color difference(ΔE) in the CIEL＊A＊B＊ color-order system were determined by spectrophotometer at 100 bserver. Washing caused significant changes in the color of natural-dyed fabrics. The degree and nature of color changes on the fabrics were dependent on the combination of fiber and the dye type used. The groups of violet(Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb.et Zucc) and black color(Ailanthus altissima Swingle, Phus trichocarpa Miq) yielded excellent colorfastness to repetitive washing. The group of indigo blue color(Polygonum tinctorium Lour.) was also very resistant to color change in washing except silk. Whereas the dye groups of Red, Yellow, Orange, Brown colors indicated greatest changes in color, particularly Carthamus tinctorius L.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.175-179
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• 1996

천연염료의 염재중 적색 색상을 발현하기 위하여 소목에 의한 견 및 모시직물의 염색에 있어서 염색조건과 매염제 종류에 따라 염색직물의 색채변화, 염착농도(K/S) 및 염색견뇌도를 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 소목량에 따라 염색한 견과 모시직물의 색채변화는 다소 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 염착농도는 약 15g/l 소목량이 사용된 경우가 적당하였다. 2. 염색액의 pH별 견직물에 대한 염착농도(K/S)는 pH 3.5~6.5 범위내에서는 큰 차이가 없었으나, 모시 직물은 pH가 높을수록 염착농도(K/S)가 증가하였다. 3. 염색온도 30~9$0^{\circ}C$에서의 염착농도를 비교하여 보면 견 및 모시직물 모두 9$0^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높았다. 4. 매염재 처리 염색으로 견 및 모시 직물에 다른 색채의 발현이 가능하였으며, 염색견뇌도를 다소 향상시킬 수 있었다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.249-257
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• 2003

For the efficiency in extracting gromwell colorant, methanol, ethanol and aceton were used as solvents. Also, to compare the results when dyed in various conditions and on various fabrics, the ratio of water-dye mixture, pH, temperature, and varieties of fabrics -wool, silk, cotton, nylon, ramie- were selected. L, a, b, ΔE, munsell and K/S value of each sample was measured and compared for the practical use. Water-dye mixture of 5:5 ratio showed the optimum dyeability. Not to mention wool and silk, but also cotton showed a satisfying dying result at the acidity of pH4. As the temperature increased, the dyeability of all three fabrics improved greatly. Especially, wool showed the highest improvement in terms of dyeability as the temperature increased. K/S values for wool and nylon showed superior results to the others in the gromwell colorant. The resulting color turned out somewhat different depending on the solvents used and the sort of fabric that was tested on. When the gromwell colorant extracted with methanol or ethanol was applied, the color of fabrics came out as purple or purpleblue. When the colorant extracted with acetone was used, the color of fabrics came out to be redpurple. The colorfastness to light showed low glades regardless to whichever solvents were used. The grades of colorfastness to laundering were recorded low numerical values, and its record became even lower when the gromwell colorant extracted with aceton was applied. The staining grade of the colorfastness to laundering showed a good grade in the range of 4 to 5. All the dyed fabrics showed a excellent drycleaning fastness.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.163-177
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• 2019

폐MDF로부터 해섬하여 얻은 재생섬유를 Reactive Red H-E3B (Bis-monochlorotriazine(MCT)/MCT type)와 Reactive Red RB 133%(bis-monochlorotriazine/Vinyl sulphone type)로 염색할 때 최적의 염색조건을 구명하기 위하여 염색조건(염료 농도, 염과 알칼리 첨가량, 염색온도)과 염색특성 및 일광견뢰도와의 관계를 검토하였다. 2종의 반응성염료 모두 염료농도가 1~10(%,OWF)로 증가함에 따라 염착량(K/S)은 증가하였다. 또한, H-E3B가 RB 133%보다 염료 농도에 관계없이 K/S는 높았으며, 자외선 조사에 따른 색차는 낮아 자외선에 의한 변색 저항성이 양호하였다. 황산나트륨의 첨가량이 증가할수록 색차 및 K/S도 증가하였으며, 염의 첨가량은 50~70 g/L가 적절하였다. 2 g/L의 탄산나트륨 첨가에 의해 색차 및 K/S가 크게 증가하였으나 그 이상의 첨가량 증가에서는 거의 차이가 없었다. 탄산나트륨의 첨가량은 pH 10을 유지하는 5~10 g/L가 적절할 것으로 생각된다. H-E3B 염료는 염색 온도가 높아짐에 따라 염착량이 증가하다가 $80^{\circ}C$에서 다시 감소한 반면 RB 133%는 $60{\sim}70^{\circ}C$까지는 거의 동일한 염착량을 나타냈으나, 이후 감소하였다. 따라서 H-E3B는 $80^{\circ}C$, RB 133%는 $60^{\circ}C$가 적정한 것으로 판단된다. 이상의 최적조건에서 폐MDF 목질섬유를 염색처리하면 H-E3B염료는 1.5~2.0R, RB 133%염료는 9.6~10.0 PR의 색상을 가지는 염색 재생 목질섬유의 제조가 가능하였다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.356-361
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• 2010

This study was aimed to investigate the antibacterial efficiency of silver nano-particles and the dyeing properties of a brushed warp-knitted fabric. The properties of the brushed warp-knitted fabric containing silver nano-particle by field production processes were evaluated by analyzing its silver contents, antibacterial activity, color difference, exhaustion curve, fastness and tearing strength. Bacterial reduction ratio amounts to 91.4 and 99.9 for Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae respectively. As the brushed pile length of its fabrics is longer, the exhaution rate of disperse dye becomes higher. The brushing process of its fabrics reduces the tearing strength. The results indicate that the brushed warp knitted fabric containing silver nano-particle can be a practically promising product.

• 한국염색가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국염색가공학회 2011년도 제44차 학술발표회
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• pp.31-31
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• 2011

Lanasol dyes containing ${\alpha}$-bromoacrylamide or ${\alpha},{\beta}$-dibromopropionylamide group are used for wool dyeing. They are normally applied to wool under pH 4.5 to 6.5 at $100^{\circ}C$. Although wool fabric can be dyed to obtain deep colour, high light and wet fastness, the dyeing processes need long dyeing time at high temperature, with salt addition, which inevitably causes environmental problems. Grafting is a modification method for textile where monomers are covalently bonded onto the polymer chain. It can be initiated by ozone, ${\gamma}$ rays, electron beams, plasma, corona discharge and UV irradiation. Coloration by UV-induced photografting exhibits several advantages such as fast reaction rate, energy saving, simple equipment, easy exploitation and environmentally friendliness. Also it requires much lower energy compared to the conventional dyeing and less damage to the substrate. In this study, a direct sequential UV-induced photografting onto wool fabrics was discussed. To understand the graft polymerization mechanism further, several characterization methods were used. Moreover, the effects of several principal factors on the graft photopolymerization were investigated. Furthermore, the colorfastness results were compared with conventional dyeing methods.

• 한국농촌생활과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.28-36
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to examine the best condition for dyeing silk in green color used kudzu-vine leaves which were available everywhere in our country except winter. Dyeing experiments were done under various dyeing conditions according to extracting method of dyebath from kudsu-vine leaves, pH of dyebath, dyeing time, concentration of dyebath and mordants which were treated after dyeing. Color difference ($\Delta$E) and Munsell's HV/C and color fastness to drycleaning, washing, perspiration and light were measured. The main results were as follows : 1. The color difference of dyed silk increased in dyebath B & C which were extracted in alkali water comparing with dyebath A which was extracted in distilled water. In dyebath B & C, the color difference was the highest in case of dyebath pH 5.0. 2. The colors of fabrics dyed in dyebath A were mainly yellow and the colors in dyebath B & C were yellow green. 3. The color differences of dyed silk increased according to dyeing time and concentration of dyebath. 4. The color were changed with the treatment of mordants. The most strong green color could get in Cu mordant treatment in dyebath C, pH 5.0, and concentration 4. 5. The peak of reflectance within the visible light of the fabric dyed in the most strong green color could be seen in $\lambda$500-520nm. 6. On the whole, the colorfastness of experimental fabrics dyed in dyebath B, C and Cu mordant treatment was good except the colorfastness to the light.

• 복식
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• 제27권
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• pp.121-132
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• 1996

This study showed the proper pigment extract in the Phe. Dyeing which is the basic dye of the natural plants dyeing,. Also it compared and examined the K/S the promotion of the color fastness and the effect of color difference change were attended by mordants and method of mordanting. 1. The most absorbance of Phellodendron. sol-ution is 330nm berberine is 430nm. 2. The best and proper temperature to extrat Phe,. was 80 and dyeing solution for 24 hours. 3. The pH effect was stable in the absorbances and color differences change. 4. Mordanted group increased the absorbances compared to non-mordanted sample. In case depth the most absorbance of Al. Sn. K. Cu and C. A solution were in 3% Fe and Cr were in 5%. In the color difference change they became dark reduced greenish and increased yellowish when their absorbances were in 3% 5. K./S was recoginzed by tainnin and fe, K/S was more increased pre-mordants than post-mordants. 6. Fe is the unchangable mordant in the color difference change and pre-mordants is more stable than post-mordants in the difference color. 7. Generally light C. F indicated more than grade 2 and light C. F, was much improved in post-mordanted by alumium potassium potass-ium dichromate. Washing C.F was improved in mordanted by tainnin and ferrous suulfate mordanted group was better than non-mordanted sample. Perspir-ation C,F was more stable in acid than alkali. Dry cleaning C.F indicated more than grade. 4.