• 원예과학기술지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.672-677
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• 2010

유전자변형 장미 개발에 이용된 형질전환 벡터 pSPB130을 검출할 있는 duplex PCR이 개발되었다. 유전자변형 장미를 검출하기 위해 anthocyanin synthase($ANS$)가 장미 내 재유전자로 PCR 검사법에 이용하였다. 107bp의 PCR 산물을 얻을 수 있는 RHANS-KF/KR primer가 ANS 유전자를 증폭시키는데 이용되었고, 이것을 이용하여 9개의 다른 식물에 대해서 PCR한 결과 장미에서만 특이적인 증폭산물이 확인되었다. GMRH-KF/KR primer가 형질전환 벡터 pSPB130에 삽입된 35S promoter와 flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase($F3^{\prime}5^{\prime}H$) 사이의 염기서열을 확인할 수 있도록 제작되었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 duplex PCR의 검정한계치는 약 0.5%이며, 이러한 duplex PCR이 우리나라 미승인 유전자변형 장미를 모니터링 하는데 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.3-9
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• 2014

전이중(full-duplex) 양방향(two-way) 중계 네트워크는 전이중 방식을 사용하는 중계기에서 중첩 부호화(superposition coding) 혹은 물리 계층 네트워크 부호화(physical layer network coding)를 사용하여 기존 반이중(half duplex) 중계기를 사용하는 양방향 중계 네트워크에 비해 높은 주파수 효율을 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 전이중 양방향 중계 네트워크를 고려하여 전이중 방식에서 필연적으로 발생하는 루프간섭 신호의 영향을 살펴보았다. 여기에서 사용자 및 중계기는 루프간섭 신호를 제거하기 위해 루프간섭 신호를 추정한다. 하지만 루프간섭 신호를 추정할 때, 추정 오류가 발생하여 수신 신호에서 루프간섭 신호를 완벽하게 제거하기는 어렵다. 모의실험에서는 불능 확률(outage probability)을 통해 이로 인해 발생할 수 있는 성능 변화를 분석하였다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.913-925
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• 2016

In-band wireless full-duplex is a promising technology that enables a wireless node to transmit and receive at the same time on the same frequency band. Due to the complexity of self-interference cancellation techniques, only base stations (BSs) are expected to be full-duplex capable while user terminals remain as legacy half-duplex nodes in the near future. In this case, two different nodes share a single subchannel, one for uplink and the other for downlink, which causes inter-node interference between them. In this paper, we investigate the joint problem of subchannel assignment and power allocation in a single-cell full-duplex orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) network considering the inter-node interference. Specifically, we consider two different scenarios: i) The BS knows full channel state information (CSI), and ii) the BS obtains limited CSI through channel feedbacks from nodes. In the full CSI scenario, we design sequential resource allocation algorithms which assign subchannels first to uplink nodes and then to downlink nodes or vice versa. In the limited CSI scenario, we identify the overhead for channel measurement and feedback in full-duplex networks. Then we propose a novel resource allocation scheme where downlink nodes estimate inter-node interference with low complexity. Through simulation, we evaluate our approaches for full and limited CSIs under various scenarios and identify full-duplex gains in various practical scenarios.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.215-216
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• 2009

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제6권11호
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• pp.3124-3130
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• 1999

A duplex system enhances reliability by tolerating faults through spatial redundancy. Faults can be detected by duplicating identical tasks in pairs of modules. However, this kind of systems cannot even detect the fault if it occurs coincidently due to either malfunctions of common component such as power supply and clock or due to such environmental disruption as EMI. In the paper, we propose a method to reduce those effects of coincident faults in the duplex controller computer. Specifically, a duplex system tolerates coincident faults by using a sophistication sequencing of scheduling technique with certain timing redundancy. In particular when all tasks should be completed in the sense of real-time, the suggested scheduling method works properly to minimize the probability of faulty tasks due to coincident fault without missing the timing constraints.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.325-333
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• 1998

A duplex surface treatment process of simultaneous aluminizing-chromizing process followed by plasma nitriding was performed on AISI HI3 steel and STS 403 steel. The properties of these duplex-treated steels were investigated and were compared with those of steels treated by single process of either simultaneous aluminizing-chromizing or plasma nilriding, in terms of microstructure, microhardness and high temperature wear resistance. Sim~dtaneous alumizing-chromizing process was done using a 2-step coating cycle and plasma nitriding process was done at $530^{\circ}C$ for 1.5 hour. AISI HI3 steel and STS 403 steel showed a FeA1 compound layer of approximately 350$\mu\textrm{m}$ thickness on the surface after simultaneous diffusion coating and nitrided layer of approximately 70-80$\mu\textrm{m}$ formed after the subsequent plasma nitriding process. The microhardness was improved much more by the duplex surface heatment than only by plasma nitriding. In addition the duplex treated specimens showed an improved high temperature wear resistance.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.534-539
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• 2001

The formation mechanism of microconstituents in brazed joints of duplex stainless steel and Cr-Cu alloy which is an essential process of rocket engine manufacturing was investigated using Cu base insert metal. $SUS329J_3L$ and C18200 were used for base metal and AMS 4764 was used for insert metal. The brazing was carried out under various conditions. There were various phases in the joints, because of reaction between liquid insert metal and base metals. Since liquid insert metal reacts with duplex stainless steel, liquid Cu from insert metal infiltrated into the $\alpha/\beta$ interface of duplex stainless steel. Through the process of Cu infiltration, isolated stainless steel pieces come into the liquid insert metal. Since liquid insert metal reacts with Cr-Cu alloy. Cr precipitates from C18200 come into the liquid insert metal. With increment of bonding temperature and holding time, amounts and sizes of phases increased. but Cr-Mn compounds decreased at 1303k for 1.2ks and Mn-rich phases disappeared Fe-Cr compounds formed.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.237-244
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• 2016

2205 duplex stainless steels have been used for the construction of the marine environment, because of their excellent corrosion resistance and high strength. However, the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement (HE) may be less than that of 316L austenitic stainless steel. The reason why 316L stainless steels have better resistance to HE is associated with crystal structure (FCC, face centered cubic) and the higher stacking faults energy than 2205 duplex stainless steels. Furthermore 2205 stainless steels with or without tungsten were also examined in terms of HE. 2205 stainless steels containing tungsten is less resistible to HE. It is because dislocation tangle was formed in 2205 duplex stainless steels. Slow strain-rate tensile test (SSRT) was conducted to measure the resistance to HE under the cathodic applied potential. Hydrogen embrittlement index (HEI) was used to evaluate HE resistance through the quantitative calculation.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표대회 개요집
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• pp.209-211
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• 2005

Super duplex stainless steels have been used for offshore oil and gas piping systems which are subject to corrosion atmosphere, because they have excellent resistance to Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) and Pitting corrosion and high strength/weight ratio. Normally, the welding for duplex stainless steels has been peformed using GTAW with Ar shielding gas. However, in case of using Ar as shielding gas, the corrosion resistance at root weld metal will be deteriorated due to loss of nitrogen from weld deposit during welding. It is wellknown that the corrosion resistance of super duplex stainless can be restored by addition of nitrogen as shielding gas. In this study, we made super duplex welding with using several kinds of shielding and purging gases and investigated the relationship between shielding gas and corrosion resistance. Consequently, it was shown that corrosion resistance of weld deposit can be restored by addition of $N_{2}$ as shielding gas.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2004

Recently the alloy development of duplex stainless steel has been done. On this study we studied the effect of the corrosion resistance according to the composition variety of C, Cr, N in the alloy elements of duplex stainless steel. materials which have below 0.1[mm/year] corrosion rate enable to use for corrosion-resisting materials, generally. On this experiment we inspected the effect of the composition variety of C, Cr, N in duplex stainless steel and the heat treatment, which the condition was the water quenching after the heat treatment for 1hr. The experiment was done on the basis of the ASTM G48A test, Critical pitting temperature(CPT), and ASTM G-61(Electrochemical tests for cyclic polarization).