• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2000

In Condebelt press drying system, the temperature difference between top and bottom plate of Condebelt transfers water to bottom side, Fine fibers, stickies , ink , and various inorganic materials are also migrated to the fine wire located at the bottom plate by highly pressurized moisture flow. As a result, the fine wire contaminated by plugging of these fine and sticky materials can cause many problems such as blistering or partial crushing of paper. The contaimination of fine wire leads to a deterioroated strength together with uneven physical properties of paper. In this paper, froth-flotatiion method, which is commonly used in the field of ONP recycling process, were adopted to separate the contaminants in KOCC as a new fiber fractionation method. Standard deviation of paper strength and brighteness decreased of Condebelt fine wire were measured to investigate the effect of contaminants removal . The standard deviations of paper strength obtained from the flotated accept were not dependent on the number of condebelt press drying . However, in the case of untreated KOCC, the standard deviations were increased as press drying repeated. This indicates that the contaminant gives uneven physical properties to the paper by wire plugging . Optical and SEM images clearly illustrate the effect of contaminants on the wire condition.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.428-432
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• 2022

In this study, we describe the improvement of the resolution of a paper-based sensor by fabricating a high-concentration ninhydrin part using a low-temperature drying method to detect proline with high resolution. In the conventional paper-based sensor for detecting proline, the ninhydrin part is fabricated at room temperature, and in this process, the ninhydrin solution spreads around the ninhydrin part. Therefore, the concentration of the ninhydrin part becomes lower than that of the applied solution, lowering the resolution of the sensor. The proposed paper-based sensor better improved the sensitivity of the sensor compared to the existing sensor by fabricating a high-concentration ninhydrin part through drying the ninhydrin solution using a low-temperature drying method. Owing to the experiment, the intensity of the green color of the paper-based sensor with the integrated ninhydrin part fabricated at 10 ℃ is approximately 20% lower than the paper-based sensor with an integrated ninhydrin part fabricated at room temperature, indicating better sensor resolution. Therefore, the paper-based sensor with an integrated ninhydrin part fabricated at a high concentration could be useful for diagnosing drought.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.95-100
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• 1977

To get a basic information for improving Korean's pattern of comsuming red pepper and the possibility of its industrial production, consumer's ways of red pepper processing and his present dietary habits were surveyed and the results are follows; (1) Korean's daily consumption of red pepper was on the average 9.2 g on the basis of the whole dried red pepper. (2) The tendency of evading the home drying method was increased; 72.22% in urban community and 50.4% in rural community purchased the dried red pepper in the lump yearly. The household purchasing the fresh red pepper and using the home drying was 27.8% in urban community and 49.6% in rural community, so one third of urban household was still using the home drying method. The case of dependence on tine drying factory was no more than 2.6%. (3) Drying method was mainly sun drying which done on the poor circumstance like as the street side without the proper equipment of drying. Home process of red pepper by housewife was 70.8%, and the old, housekeeper were only 7.3% respectively. (4) The hygienic sense in the drying was rare; 68.8% was not washed and 51.9% of decayed red pepper was eaten. (5) Koreans prefered the strong pungency, deep red color and fine powder form. (6) While the 45.5% of seed was collected by second hand dealer and made use of as resources of edible oil, it was not used effectively due to complexity of its collection system. (7) While 40.1% desired the improvement of red pepper dietary life, 41.1% distrusted the present commercial red pepper powder on the market. From the results above, we conclude the fact many households have still hygienically poor red pepper processed at home, in spite of the red pepper is one of the most important spices in Korea. Considering the growing urban population, reduction of unemployed labor due to the increasing nuclear family and hygienic problems caused by the serious pollution, the improvement of red pepper processing method is urgently required. And it is believed that red pepper has a good prospect to be processed on the industrial scale in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.370-377
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• 2000

The red ginseng is very popular as a health food. It has been manufactured with raw ginseng by the conventional method. But, the yield of the heaven grade ginseng (the best quality red ginseng) among the whole products is around 5-7％, Therefore, the yield should be improved in order to increase economic returns. In this study, a new model of drying system was developed to improve the yield of heaven grade ginseng from 7% to 15% or more. For this system, temperature and relative humidity were controlled by the feedback control system, and a solenoid valve for steam supply and other variables were controlled by the PC. The special features of this system developed are an image processing system for monitoring the red ginseng during the drying process in the drying chamber, and a cylindrical porous tray for holding ginseng that is rotating with the speed of 0-10rpm in the drying chamber and makes uniform drying of red ginseng possible.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.578-589
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• 2002

The purpose of this research was to analyze the residual water retention and to determine the number and species of microorganisms from the wet cotton fabrics in dehydration and drying process during washing. The drying rates of terrycloth and interlock knit under the rainy seasons were measured according to the dehydration and hanging methods, layers of fabric and pre-treatment agents. Microorganisms were isolated from the dried terrycloth by pure culture, and were identified by Biolog system. The results are as follow: The initial water retention of fabrics after dehydration decreased in the order of dripping>centrifuge>squeezing method, which affected the drying rate. The drying rates were faster by increasing surface area of fabrics. There was no significant difference in drying rate among the fabrics pre-treated with detergent, or fabric softener, or cationic surfactants such as Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB) and Benzalkonium chloride(BC). Puedomonas aureginosa was found in the fabrics treated with a powder-type detergent. On the other side, there was no growth of microorganism in the fabrics treated with a liquid-type detergent (containing antibacterial agent), CTAB and BC.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.531-539
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• 2012

To determine the effects of various drying methods on the quality characteristics of beef jerky from low-valued cuts, Hanwoo beef shank muscles were either hot air-dried, shade-dried, or sun-dried. The physicochemical quality and microbiological safety of the Hanwoo beef jerky were analyzed during a storage of $25^{\circ}C$. Moisture content and water activity ($a_w$) of the samples decreased as the time period of storage increased, regardless of the drying condition (p<0.05). Shade-dried jerky showed higher $a_w$ compared to others after storage of 20 d (p<0.05). The pH value of hot air-dried jerky was higher than those of others (p<0.05). For color properties, sun-dried samples showed higher redness ($a^*$) and yellowness ($b^*$) compared with the properties of others (p<0.05). The hot air-dried jerky showed higher shear force values than the sun-dried or the shade-dried jerky after 10 and 20 d (p<0.05). However, the total plate counts (TPCs) of naturally dried jerky (shade and sundried) were higher than hot-air dried jerky after storage of 10 and 20 d (p<0.05). With regard to sensory properties, naturally dried jerky showed higher tenderness, juiciness, and overall acceptability scores than the hot air-dried jerky (p<0.05). In conclusion, although natural drying appears to be more susceptible to microbiological contamination than hot air-drying, the natural drying method seems to result in superior quality than the hot air drying method.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 2000

Monolithic refractory technology has been developed for RH vessels, with the purpose of reducing the total refractory cost. The technology includes the use of an improved monolithic refractory and microwave drying. The improved monolithic refractory was an alumina-spinel composition, of the type used in steel ladles, to which fine alumina was added to increase the density and corrosion resistance. The microwave drying method, previously developed and used to dry the monolithic lining in steel ladles, was modified for use in drying the dense, 500mm thick lining in RH vessels. This work has resulted in significant cost savings.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.69-76
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• 2015

In a conventional sense, dried-spermatozoa are all dead and motionless due to the lost of their natural ability to penetrate oocytes both in vivo and in vitro. However, their nuclei are completely able to contribute to normal embryonic development even after long-term preservation in a dried state when the dried-spermatozoa are microinjected into the oocytes. In this sense, dried spermatozoa must still be alive. Thus, defining spermatozoa as alive or dead seems rather arbitrary. Several drying method of sperm including freeze-drying, evaporative/convective-drying and heat-drying were represented in this review. Although the drying protocol reported here will need further improvement, the results suggest that it may be possible to store the male genetic resources.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.13-20
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• 2003

This research is to develop kiln-drying schedules for 2.7 mm thick boards of Neolitsea sericea and Dendropanax morbifera, which grow in the southern region of Korean Peninsula. These two species are lesser-known to woodcraft industry in this country. The proper USDA drying schedules for Neolitsea sericea and Dendropanax morbifera were found to be T10-C6 and T10-E6, respectively, by using the Quick Oven-drying Method. The boards dried in a kiln with the newly-developed schedules were revealed to be free from warping and checking.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.539-550
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• 2023

Owing to the obstruction of section steel on the moisture diffusion in concrete, the existing shrinkage prediction models overestimate the time-dependent deformation of steel reinforced concrete (SRC) columns, particularly for the SRC columns with enclosed section steels. To solve this issue, this study deals with analytical and experimental studies on the drying shrinkage for this type of column. First, an effective method for predicting the drying shrinkage of concrete based on finite element model is introduced and two crucial parameters for simulation of humidity field are determined. Then, the drying shrinkage of SRC columns with enclosed section steels is investigated and two modified parameters, which depend on the ambient relative humidity and the ratio of section steel size to column size, are introduced to the B3 model. Finally, an experiment on the shrinkage deformation of SRC columns with enclosed section steels is conducted. Comparing the predicted results with the experimental ones, it demonstrates that the modified B3 model is quite reasonable.