• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.1-24
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• 2018

Objective This study was aimed to provide the information about Cheongsimyeonja-tang by domestic papers and theses. Method 50 Domestic papers related to Cheongsimyeonja-tang were selected according to the criteria. These papers were classified and analyzed by research designs, methods and results. Result The following results were obtained in this study. 1. 19 experimental studies on the effect of Cheongsimyeonja-tang were mainly focused on anti-aging, followed by anti-allergy, anti-inflammation, improvement of immune system. And there were 4 experimental studies on the safety of Cheongsimyeonja-tang, proving safety by acute toxicity test, nephrotoxicity test, drug interaction, and test of residual ingredients after decoction. 2. 25 clinical studies on the effect of Cheongsimyeonja-tang were mainly focused on cardiovascular and cerebral vascular diseases, followed by psychiatric and otologic disorder, dermatologic and musculoskeletal diseases. Also, there were 2 studies on the effect of Cheongsimyeonja-tang for diabetes insipidus, macular degeneration, digestive disorder in terminal cancer, drug-induced hepatitis. 3. More evidenced studies on Cheongsimyeonja-tang are needed and it is recommended that psychiatric questionnaire should be used for assessing the effects of Cheongsimyeonja-tang.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.62 no.6
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• pp.199-205
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• 2019

Although Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) has been generally susceptible to macrolides, the emergence of macrolide-resistant MPP (MRMP) has made its treatment challenging. MRMP rapidly spread after the 2000s, especially in East Asia. MRMP is more common in children and adolescents than in adults, which is likely related to the frequent use of macrolides for treating M. pneumoniae infections in children. MRMP is unlikely to be related to clinical, laboratory, or radiological severity, although it likely prolongs the persistence of symptoms and the length of hospital stay. Thereby, it causes an increased burden of the disease and poor quality of life for the patient as well as a societal socioeconomic burden. To date, the only alternative treatments for MRMP are secondary antimicrobials such as tetracyclines (TCs) or fluoroquinolones (FQs) or systemic corticosteroids; however, the former are contraindicated in children because of concerns about potential adverse events (i.e., tooth discoloration or tendinopathy). A few guidelines recommended TCs or FQs as the second-line drug of choice for treating MRMP. However, there have been no evidence-based guidelines. Furthermore, safety issues have not yet been resolved. Therefore, this article aimed to review the benefits and risks of therapeutic alternatives for treating MRMP in children and review the recommendations of international or regional guidelines and specific considerations for their practical application.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.119-124
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• 2017

The isolation of the MeOH extract from the flower bud of Magnolia biondii Pamp. using various column chromatographies and HPLC led to eleven neoglignan derivatives (1 - 11). Their structures were mainly determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectral data analysis and physiological methods. The isolated compounds (1 - 11) were tested for anti-allergic effects using IL-2 inhibitory assay in Jurkat T cells.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.150-154
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• 1999

This study was designed to examine the therapeutic effect of Italian honeybee (Apis mellifera) venom in piglets with bacterial diarrhea. Preweaning piglets were assigned to treated and nontreated control groups. In treated group, 47 piglets were given natural honeybee venom once a day for 3 consecutive days. The natural honeybees were stung acupoints of GV-1 (Jiao-Chao, at the indentation between the base of tail and the anus) and ST-25 (Hai-men, about 1 cm lateral to the umbilicus). In control group, 44 piglets were intramuscularly injected with a standard dosage of colistin sulfate (300,000 IU/kg of body weight) and antid-iarrheal drug (berberine, 2 ml/kg) once a day for 3 consecutive days. At post-treatment, 90.9% of control piglets and 93.6 % of piglets in treated group recovered from bacterial diarrhea. Bee acupuncture therapy did not show in piglets without any side effects such as allergy, intoxication, hemorrhage, or infection. It might be concluded that honeybee venom therapy was effective in controlling of piglets with bacterial diarrhea.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.118-125
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• 2008

Objective :Ginseng is one of the most popular Oriental medicinal plants considered as a tonic worldwide. This study aimed to produce comprehensive understanding for immune-related pharmaceutical activities of Ginseng. Methods: We surveyed all literatures, 168 of immunity-focused papers with Ginseng in Pub-med, and analyzed pharmaceutical characters according to immune elements and Ginseng components. Results : The main functions of Ginseng have been associated with modulation of immunity. Whole body of Ginseng or its ingredients differently show the effects on both cellular and humoral elements of immune system. Ginseng enhances the activities of T and B lymphocytes, NK cells, macrophages and dendritic cells whileas suppresses mast cell-associated allergy and release of histamine. Conclusion : These results will provide Korean doctors or scientists an immune-related overview of Ginseng, and help them in clinical applications and developments of Korean Ginseng as a global competitive drug in world market.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.117-123
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• 1999

Because of the potent effects of lipid mediators such as prostaglandins (PGs), leukotriens (LTs) and platelet activating factor (PAF) on a variety of cells and tissues, they are considered as major contributors to the process leading to inflammation and allergy. To pursue the mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity of Lonicera japonica, we tested inhibitory effects of 7 flavonoids from Lonicera japonica on arachidonic acid cascade related enzymes, such as inflammatory phospholipase $A_2$, cyclooxygenase-1 and 2, 5-lipoxygenase, in bone marrow derived mast cell (BMMC), and lyso PAF-acetyltransferase in rat spleen microsomes. Anti-inflammatory activities of lonicera japonica are thought to be attributed at least in part to the inhibition of arachidonic acid cascade releated enzymes by flavonoids such as apigenin, luteolin quercetin.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.82 no.3
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• pp.179-189
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• 2019

Although recent advances in molecular targeted therapy and immuno-oncology have revolutionized the landscape of lung cancer therapeutics, cytotoxic chemotherapy remains an essential component of lung cancer treatment. Extensive evidence has demonstrated the clinical benefit of chemotherapy, either alone or in combination with other treatment modalities, on survival and quality of life of patients with early and advanced lung cancer. Combinational approaches with other classes of anti-neoplastic agents and new drug-delivery systems have revealed promising data and are areas of active investigation. Chemotherapy is recommended as a standard of care in patients that have progressed after tyrosine kinase inhibitors or immune checkpoint inhibitors. Chemotherapy remains the fundamental means of lung cancer management and keeps expanding its clinical implication. This review will discuss the current position and future role of chemotherapy, and specific consideration for its clinical application in the era of precision medicine.

• Korean journal of aerospace and environmental medicine
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.17-20
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• 2021

As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues, doctors face many difficulties in managing patients with respiratory allergies. As research continues, much new knowledge has emerged about the link between COVID-19 infection and respiratory allergies. Studies to date have shown that there is no significant increase in the risk of COVID-19 infection in patients with respiratory allergies. However, in patients undergoing treatment for moderate to severe asthma or allergic rhinitis, more severe clinical manifestations, increased hospitalization period, and increased mortality may occur, so patients need to be managed with more care. In addition to personal efforts, social consideration should be accompanied to prevent deterioration in patients' quality of life with respiratory allergies due to COVID-19. Lastly, as clinical doctors, we should treat patients with respiratory allergies to protect ourselves appropriately by actively utilizing remote medical treatment and minimizing tests that generate droplets. Also, by appropriately educating patients and continuing drug treatment, efforts should be made to ensure that patients receive the best treatment even in a pandemic situation.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.148-157
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• 2019

Objective: To evaluate the current status of managing adverse reactions to iodinated contrast media (ICM) for computed tomography in referral hospitals in South Korea compared with hospitals in other countries. Materials and Methods: This survey investigation involved 59 Korean and 15 overseas hospitals using guideline-based questionnaires consisting of 24 items in 7 main categories related to managing adverse reactions to ICM. Results: Informed written consent with risk factor evaluation was appropriately performed in most of the Korean hospitals. There was considerable variability in assessing renal function across the hospitals; serum creatinine level was used as a reference in 76.4% of Korean hospitals. The Korean hospitals preferred a more stringent approach to determining normal renal function (p = 0.01), withholding metformin (p = 0.01), and fasting before ICM exposure (p < 0.001) compared with overseas hospitals. All the Korean hospitals had an emergency protocol and in-hospital system for adverse reactions to ICM. The Korean (87.7%) and overseas hospitals (100%) were similarly equipped with epinephrine (p = 0.332), but only 38.6% of Korean hospitals were equipped with a bronchodilator (p = 0.004). For patients with a previous hypersensitivity reaction to ICM, 62.3% of Korean hospitals pre-medicated with anti-histamine and corticosteroid according to the severity of the previous reaction, and changed the culprit ICM in 52.8%, while skin test was performed in 17%. Conclusion: In general, Korean referral hospitals were well-prepared regarding informed consent, protocol, and an in-hospital system for managing adverse reactions to ICM. Nevertheless, there was considerable variability in details and management, thus requiring standardization by reflecting current guidelines.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.129-138
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• 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant surge in glove usage, as recommended by the World Health Organization. Despite efforts to ensure the quality and safety of gloves, glove-associated skin diseases such as hand dermatitis have become ubiquitous, particularly among health care workers. This review discusses the prevalence, causes, and risk factors of hand dermatitis, as well as research efforts in medical gloves in the past decade to overcome glove-related hand dermatitis. Research papers from 2013 to 2022 were reviewed, selecting only 49 relevant papers from the Ovid, PubMed, and Scopus databases. The average prevalence of hand dermatitis among health care workers increased from 21.08% to 37.24% upon the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The cases are likely due to allergies to latex proteins, rubber additives, and accelerators commonly found in gloves. Using alternatives to latex gloves, such as accelerator-free and latex-free glove options, can help reduce allergy-induced hand dermatitis. Strict hand hygiene practices, such as frequent hand washing and the use of sanitizers, are also contributing factors in contracting hand dermatitis. Over the past decade, glove research advancements have focused mainly on reducing or immobilizing latex proteins. These include the use of biodegradable dialdehyde, sodium alginate, arctigenin, bromelain, papain, UV-LED, prototype photoreactors, and structure-modified nanosilica with silane A174. Two effective hand dermatitis preventive measures, i.e. an additional layer of glove liners and the use of gentle alcohol-based hand sanitizer, were recommended. These advancements represent promising steps towards mitigating hand dermatitis risks associated with glove usage.