• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.1049-1068
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• 2011

In this paper a simple and effective call admission control (CAC) scheme is proposed for the emerging interleave-division multiple-access (IDMA) systems, supporting a variety of traffic types and offering different quality of service (QoS) requirements and priority levels. The proposed scheme is signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) evolution based CAC (SE-CAC). The key idea behind the scheme is to take advantage of the SINR evolution technique in the process of making admission decisions, which is developed from the effective chip-by-chip (CBC) multi-user detection (MUD) process in IDMA systems. By virtue of this semi-analytical technique, the MUD efficiency can be estimated accurately. Additionally, the computational complexity can be considerably reduced. These features make the scheme highly suitable for IDMA systems, which can combat intra-cell interference efficiently with simple CBC MUD. Analysis and simulation results show that compared to the traditional CAC scheme considering MUD efficiency as a constant, the proposed SE-CAC scheme can guarantee high power efficiency and throughput for multimedia traffic even in heavy load conditions, illustrating the high efficiency of CBC MUD. Furthermore, based on the SINR evolution, the SE-CAC can make accurate estimation of available resource considering the effect of MUD, leading to low outage probability as well as low blocking and dropping probability.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.215-219
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• 2002

Fruit rot of pomegranate (Punica granatum) caused by Coniella granati were observed in several farmer's fields in Gwangdo-myon, Tongyeong City, Gyeongnam Province, Korea. The symptoms occurred on fruit with rotting then eventually dropping and mummification. The colony color of causal fungus was whitish on potato dextrose agar. Conidia were single celled, pale brown or olive in color at maturity, straight or slightly curved fusiform in shape, and were 10.3~17.4$\times$2.8~4.0 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in size. Conidiogenous cell were hyaline, branched only at the base aseptate, elongate, phialidic, enteroblastic and 12.4~1.4$\times$2.8~3.6 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in size. Pycnidia were black in color and globose in shape and 124.6~228.4 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in size. Optimum temperature for mycelial growth was $25^{\circ}C$. On the basis of mycological characteristics and pathogenecity test on host plants, the fungus was identified as Coniella granati. This is the first report on the fruit rot of pomegranate caused by Coniella granati in Korea.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.78-81
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• 2004

The resistance of 10 varieties of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) to powdery mildew, caused by Sphaerotheca fusca, was evaluated by a leaf disk assay. Leaf disks (10 mm in diameter) were removed from fully expanded leaves and then placed in petri dishes containing 0.16％ water agar amended with benzimidazole. Leaf disks were inoculated by dropping a 10 $\mu$l of conidia suspension. Conidiophore formation of powdery mildew was the greatest at $25^{\circ}C$. The response of the host to powdery mildew, based on the inoculation onto disks of the first leaf, highly correlated with results obtained from harvesting stage of cucumber plants in greenhouse test (r = 0.99$^{**}$). It is indicating that a leaf disk assay may precisely predict the response of cucumber plant to S. fusca.a.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of cold therapy and thermal therapy, and immunoreactivity of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), Interleukin-1(IL-1) and Interleukin-6(IL-6) on angiogenesis after muscle contusion injury. Methods : Muscle contusion injury was induced in the gastronemius muscle by dropping a metal bead(22.8g). Cold and thermal theraphy was applied immediately and directly to the skin of injured muscle daily for three days. (experimental group-1 : $5^{\circ}$ cold pack, experimental group-2 : $50^{\circ}$ hot pack, control group non applied, treatment time : 10minutes) Results : The experimental group-1 and 2 showed higher immunoreactivity of VEGF, IL-1, IL-6 than control group during 3 days(P<0.05). And the experimental group-2 showed higher than the experimental group-1 especially VEGF(P<0.05). Conclusion : There data thermal therapy was more effective than cold therapy in the acute muscle contusion injury.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.359-368
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• 1994

This study was undertaken to evaluate image quality and level of discomfort during examination with various contrast media(meglumine ioxitalamate: Telebrix $30^{\circledR}$ , diatrizoate sodium: Hypaque $50^{\circledR}$, sodium ioxaglate ＋ meglumine ioxaglate: Hexabrix , iopamidol: Iopamiro $300^{\circledR}$ , iodized poppyseed oil: $Lipiodol^{\circledR}$ and barium sulfate: Baritop$^{\circledR}$and various radiographic contrast techniques(eye dropping: group 1, single injection to the superior punctum: group 2 and continuous injection to the superior punctum: group 3) on dacryocystorhinography in dogs. The results were as follows; 1. The Image quality of radiographic contrast technique of continuous Injection of contrast media(group 3) was better than the other techniques. 2. Average scores for dacryocystorhinography quality of sodium ioxaglate ＋ meglumine ioxaglate, iopamidol, barium sulfate, iodized Poppyseed oil, meglumine ioxitalamate and diatrizoats sodium were 3.67${\pm}$0.47, 3.67${\pm}$0.47, 3.50${\pm}$0.50, 3.33${\pm}$0.75, 2.50${\pm}$0.50 and 2.50${\pm}$0.76, respectively in group 3. 3. Diatrizoate sodium produced more discomfort than the other media. It was considered that the best radiographic contrast technique of dacryocystorhinography was continuous injection of contrast media to the superior punctum and sodium ioxaglate + meglumine ioxaglate, iopamidol, iodized Poppyseed oil and barium sulfate were the excellent contrast media for dacryocystorhinography in dogs.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.383-390
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• 1995

This study was performed to investigate the characteristics of tear staining syndrome in poodle dogs. Schirmer tear test, fluorescein dye test and measurement of the angle of bend between vertical and horizontal bony nasolacrimal duct were conducted in both poodles and German shepherd dogs. There were no significant differences between normal and tear-stained poodles in tear formation determined by Schimer tear test. However, there was significantly higher tear production in German shepherds than that in normal poodles(p<0.05). In the fluorescein dye test for the measurement of tear excretion, the dye was observed within $14.5{\pm}6.5$ minutes after dropping of the dye in normal poodles, but was not observed even over 30 minutes in tear-stained poodles. German shepherds had rather rapid passage time($0.4{\pm}0.3$ minutes) than poodles in the dye excretion. In the measurement of the angle of bend between vertical and horizontal bony nasolacrimal duct through dacryocystorhinography, there were no significant differences between normal tear-stained poodles with showing $85.0{\pm}6.8^{\circ}$ and $89.8{\pm}6.5^{\circ}$, respectively. However, obtuse angle of bend($106.8{\pm}4.7^{\circ}$) was shown in German shepherds. These results have ascertained that tear staining syndrome of poodle dogs was not related to tear production but to the rate of tear excretion.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.129-137
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• 2016

Transmission Control Protocol as a transport layer protocol provides steady data transfer service. There are some serious concerns about the performance of TCP over diverse networks. The vital concern in TCP network environment is congestion which may occur due to quick transmission rates or because of large number of new connections entering the network at the same time. Size of queues in routers grows thus resulting in packet drops. Retransmission of the dropped packets, and reduced throughput can prove costly. Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) in conjunction with Active Queue Management mechanisms (AQM) such as Random early detection (RED) is used for packet marking rather than dropping. In IP packet header ECN bits can be added as a sign of congestion thus avoiding needless packet drops. The proposed ECN and AQM mechanism can be implemented with help of ns2 simulator and the performance can be tested on different TCP variants.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.787-794
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• 2001

In this paper, the development of large-signal model extractor for GaAs FET device through the Monolithic Microwave integrated Circuit(MMIC) is presented. The measurement program controlled by personal computer is developed for the processing of an amount of measured data, and the de-embedding algorithm is added to the program for voltage dropping as attached series resistance on measurement system. The small-signal model parameters are typically consisted of 7 elements that are considered as complexity of large-signal model and its the accuracy of the small-signal model is verified through comparing with measured data as varied bias point. The fitting function model, one of the empirical model, is used for quick simulation. In the process of large-signal model parameter extraction, one-dimensional optimization method is proposed and optimized parameters are extracted. This study can reduce the modeling and measuring time and can secure a suitable model for circuit.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.203-208
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the ergonomic working uniform. Developing a prototype uniform will be the first stage in aiming to create a working uniform in the construction field. This study was conducted using a questionnaire in the construction field of Daegu city, and the data was gathered from 121 questionnaires. Some of the questions that were asked, were about the case of putting on and removing the uniform and if any areas of uniform caused discomfort. The areas of the uniform that caused problems were the waist, knee, shoulder, arm and neck regions. The free range of movement of these regions were restricted and caused the person to feel cramped. The results of the questionnaire called for improvements to the knee, waist, shoulder and crotch area. The prototype that was developed offered more range of movement in the knee and crotch area, while not causing the uniform to be cramped too much during motion. The prototype also improved comfort by raising the waist line of back part, and by having the ability of the uniform to be tightened or loosened with zipper according to the persons preference. The upper area of the uniform was improved by dropping the shoulder seam line which enhanced comfort and also allowed a better fit for the elbow and wrist. The prototypes additional feature included a slit zipper in the sides of the trousers and a gusset in the under arm area to improve breathability and sweat elimination.

• Composites Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.43-49
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• 2010

Basaltic fiber was prepared by continuous spinning process from Jeju Pyosun raw basalt materials. First, for confirming the melting characterization of basalt, basalt raw material put into Pt crucible and melted up to $1550^{\circ}C$ then quenched by dropping it into water. After quenching, the optimum fiber spinning conditions were investigated by measurement and analysis of XRD, TMA, high temperature viscosity, high temperature conductivity and high temperature microscope. The optimum spinning temperature and viscosity for preparation of continuous filament fiber were $1264^{\circ}C$ and $10^{2.8}$ poise at $1264^{\circ}C$, respectively. Properties of prepared spinning fiber were confirmed by tensile strength, FE-SEM, heat resisting test and others. The tensile strength of fiber prepared by spinning conditions of the bushing temperature $1240^{\circ}C$ and winder speed 4600rpm was 3660MPa.