• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.290-302
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• 2005

The nutrients intake and health-related habits of nonagenarian subjects in Korean representative longevity belts of Damyang, Gokseong, Kurye, Sunchang were evaluated for the purpose of providing the information on the desirable food selection and dietary pattern of elderly population. A survey was conducted with 91 subjects (26 males and 65 females) and their food intakes were measured by the combination of one meal weighing and 24-hr recall, and their general background information was collected by visit. The mean age of the subjects was 93.6 $\pm$ 2.2 (male) and 97.6 $\pm$ 4.6 (female) The average smoking rate was $20.9\%$, the rate of regular drinking was $26.4\%$. The average energy intake was 1,284.9 kcal comprising $77.1\%$ of RDA for elder people over 75. The energy ratio of carbohydrate, protein and fat were 66.5 : 18.2 : 15.3. The average intake of protein, calcium, iron and zinc were $107.4\%,\;59.9\%,\;106.3\%$ and $60\%$ of RDA respectively. The lower intake of vitamins as low as $70\%$ was found except vitamin $B_6$ and niacin. The majority of the subjects consumed rice as staple diet and mostly consumed white plain rice rather than mixed grain rice. The animal and plant food intakes were 88.4 : 11.6 in males and those of females were 83.0 : 17.0 showing a tendency of plant-based meals. Nutrients that showed NAR over 0.7 were protein, iron, vitamin $B_6$, niacin and phosphate, but those with INQ over 1. Nutrient with INQ below 0.7 was only vitamin E. Even though their nutritional quantity did not appear to be enough, but their nutritional quality was relatively high. The adding dairy products, nuts and fruits for the purpose of proving sufficient vitamin and minerals can achieve the optimal nutritional intake patterns. Further research on RDA of this age population should be followed.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing health promoting behavior of the late school age children and to analyze the difference of health promoting behavior according to personal factors of children. Methods: The subjects consisted of 169 school-aged children in the 6th grade in Gyeonggi-do. Data were collected from Dec. 1 to Dec. 10, 2008. The data were analyzed by using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and Stepwise multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. Results: 1) Health promoting behavior was proved to be relatively high. The average item score for the health promoting behavior was $3.85{\pm}.41$. The highest degree of health promoting behavior was stress management (4.13). whereas the one with the lowest degree was exercise (3.40). 2) In the relationship between personal factors and health promoting behavior, there were statistically significant differences in gender, perceived health status, family mood, father's drinking habits, school performance, school satisfaction. 3) Health promoting behavior was showed significant positive correlations with perceived self-efficacy (r=.55), social support (r=.65), prior related behaviors (r=.44), perceived benefits of action (r=.42), and significant negative correlations with perceived barriers of action (r=-.37). 4) Stepwise multiple regression analysis was revealed that the most powerful predictor of health promoting behavior was social support ($\beta$=0.36) Conclusion: The combination of social support, perceived self-efficacy, perceived benefits of action, gender, and family mood accounted for 57.8% of the variance in the health promoting behavior of the late school age children.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.335-346
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 상부 위장관 질환군별로 영향 요인과 소화기 증상의 차이를 비교해보고자 한 것이다. 본 연구는 2003년 10월부터 2004년 10월동안 서울소재 일개 건강검진센터를 방문하여 건강검진을 시행한 20-79세 수진자들의 Helicobactor Pylori 및 위내시경 결과와 건강문진표 전산자료를 연구 대상으로 하였으며, 대상 자료 중에서 중복 사례와 제외 기준에 해당된 건수를 제외한 최종 2,708건을 $x^2$ 검정 및 ANOVA test로 분석하였다. 상부 위장관 질환군별로 유의한 차이를 보인 영향요인은, 인구사회학적 요인으로 성별, 연령, 직업, 생활습관 요인으로 흡연, 음주, 병태생리적 요인으로 H. pylori 감염여부, 심리적 요인으로 스트레스 등이 있었다. 상부 위장관 질환군별 유의한 차이를 보인 소화기 증상은, "위에 음식물이 남아 있는 듯한 느낌이 든다", "공복 시에나 식후에 속이 쓰리다", "신물이 자주 넘어 온다"는 항목이었다. 이상의 본 연구 결과는 일상생활에서 흔히 접하게 되는 상부 위장관 질환별 특성 파악에 유용한 자료를 제시함으로써, 상부 위장관 질환과 관련된 건강증진 중재 개발의 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 본다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.6-10
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• 2003

To investigate the relative risk of obesity factors for stroke imd their correlation, we assessed odds ratio of obesity factors for stroke by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Correlations among obese factors were estimated by Pearson's correlation test. Study subjects were selected stroke Subjects within 1 month after onset and non-stroke referents in Kyung Hoo Medical Center in Seoul. Body mass index, hypertension history, habits of drinking and smoking, waist/hip ratio, total cholesterol and triglyceride were checked once at baseline. In this study, there was no significant difference between referents and stroke subjects in general characteristics except. waist/hip ratio and hypertension. By logistic regression, high waist/hip ratio (OR=7.05; 95％ Cl, 1.70-29.1l) and hypertension (OR=12.90; 95％ Cl, 3.63-45.61) had significant odds ratio in females, as did hypertension (OR=3.36; 95％ Cl, 1.01-11.16) in males. Much more significant correlations among obesity factors were found in stroke subjects than referents. In conclusion, waist/hip ratio was an independent risk factor for stroke in females, and hypertension was a predictor of stroke in all lenders. Interaction of obesity factors could be an important condition for stroke.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.327-337
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• 2009

University students tend to have various dietary problems including undesirable dietary behaviors, inadequate intakes of nutrients and biased habits of liquid consumption. This study was conducted to find dietary behaviors (n = 357) by questionnaire survey and to examine dietary nutrient intakes (n = 60) and liquid consumption (n = 853) by food record method for 3-days among university students attended in K University of Chungnam province in Korea. Most subjects lived in the dormitory or self-boarding house, and they skipped breakfast most frequently and took breakfast most irregularly among three meals. Dietary mean intakes of energy, Ca, vitamin B2 and folate were lower than the KDRI (37-85%), and those of males were poorer than those of females. Ratios of energy intake among three meals and snacks were not distributed evenly, so the mean energy intake from snacks was higher and that from breakfast was lower than the ideal ratio, respectively. Daily mean consumption of liquid was 1,526.4 mL/d for males and 1,151.5 mL/d for females, and these intakes were more than the KDRI (1,300 mL/d for males and 1,100 mL/d for females). However, their sources of liquid consumption were not desirable because alcohol, soda, juice of fruit or vegetable and beverage mixed with fruit juice and/or vegetable juice were major sources of liquid as well as drinking water. These findings show that university students have poor dietary behaviors including frequent skipping of breakfast, irregularity of meals, inadequate intakes of nutrients and undesirable pattersirablliquid consumption including high portion of alcohol and soda as alliquid source, and these trends were stronger for males than for females. Therefore, we should endeavor to correct their meal problems id ated to dietary behaviors, nutrient intakes and liquid consumptions through nutrition education.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.239-249
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• 2013

Subclinical vitamin $B_{12}$ deficiency is common in the elderly worldwide. We investigated the change of serum vitamin $B_{12}$ concentration with aging and compared anthropometric data and clinical health indicators between normal (${\geq}$ 340 pg/mL) and low (< 340 pg/mL) serum vitamin $B_{12}$ groups in 470 Korean women aged 65 years and over living in a rural area. Serum vitamin $B_{12}$ concentration showed inverse correlation with age (r = -0.0992, p < 0.05). The normal $B_{12}$ group showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit compared to the low $B_{12}$ group, however, no difference in mean corpuscular volume was observed between the two groups. The normal $B_{12}$ group showed significantly lower serum homocysteine concentration (p < 0.01) and prevalence of vitamin D (p < 0.01) or folate deficiency (p < 0.001). Bone mineral density (T-score) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the normal $B_{12}$ group, compared with that in the low $B_{12}$ group, and showed positive correlation (r = 0.1490, p < 0.01) with serum vitamin $B_{12}$ concentration after adjusting for age, body weight, and body mass index. No differences in anthropometric data, physical activity, and smoking and drinking habits were observed between the two groups. In conclusion, it could be suggested that older female adults with normal serum vitamin $B_{12}$ level would be less anemic and osteoporotic and more resistant to hyperhomocysteinemia associated chronic diseases than those with low serum vitamin $B_{12}$ level.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.52-59
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate how advanced maternal age influences lifestyle, nutrient intake, iron status, and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women. The subjects of this study were 112 pregnant women who were receiving prenatal care at gynecologists located in Seoul. The subjects were divided into two groups according to their ages: those over age 35 were the advanced age group of pregnant women (AP) and those under age 35 were the young age group of pregnant women (YP). General factors, nutrient intakes, iron status, and pregnancy outcomes of the two groups were then compared. It was found that 72.5% of the YP group and 51.2% of the AP group had pre-pregnancy alcohol drinking experience; indicating that the YP group had more pre-pregnancy alcohol consumption than the AP group (P<0.05). The only difference found in nutrient intake between the two groups was their niacin intakes which were $16.83{\pm}8.20\;mg$/day and $13.76{\pm}5.28\;mg$/day, respectively. When gestational age was shorter than 38.7 weeks, the average infant birth weight was $2.95{\pm}0.08\;kg$, and when gestational age was longer than 40 weeks, it averaged at about $3.42{\pm}0.08\;kg$. In other words, as gestational age increased, infant birth weight increased (P<0.0001), and when maternal weight increased more than 15 kg, the infant birth weight increased significantly (P<0.05). In conclusion, in order to secure healthy human resources, with respect to advanced aged women, it is necessary to intervene by promoting daily habits that consist of strategic increases in folate and calcium intake along with appropriate amounts of exercise.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.679-685
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• 2012

우리나라는 전체적인 비만보다 복부비만의 인구가 늘어가고 있으며, 이러한 비만의 유병률은 이혼이나 사별과 같은 결혼상태의 변화와 배우자의 유무에 따른 연령, 교육수준, 식생활 습관 및 생활환경과도 밀접한 관련이 있을 것이다. 생애주기연령, 교육수준, 가구소득, 흡연, 음주, 걷기운동을 보정한 상태에서 배우자의 유무와 비만도 및 허리둘레가 서로 관련성이 있는지를 파악하기 위해 질병관리본부의 주관으로 시행된 국민건강영양 조사 자료를 이용하였다. 분석 대상자는 19세 이상 결혼을 한 성인 중 남자 3,043명, 여자4,135명으로 총 7,178명 이었다. 배우자유무를 제외한 독립변수들을 보정한 결과, 남자에서 배우자 유무와 허리둘레 및 비만도와의 관련성은 통계적으로 유의함은 없었고, 여자에서는 배우자가 있는 경우 보다 배우자가 없는 경우에서 허리둘레에 대한 비차비가 0.78(95% 신뢰구간 0.636-0.954)로 낮게 나타났다.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.413-423
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was aimed to evaluate the changes of health behaviors and concepts via self-reflection after health education with 6 videotapes for undergraduate students. Method: After the first semester in 2011, we collected the data for evaluating their own health-related life-style. Using qualitative content method, the data were analyzed. Result: Thirty-nine students participated in this study. Average age was 22.7 years, and 27 were male. Thirty-seven students replied unhealthy diet pattern; irregular meal time and binge. Four themes and 11 subjects emerged. The four themes were new perception for health and illness, evaluation of own health state, checking for health-related lifestyle, and trying to change for a healthy life pattern. The eleven subjects were chance to change their health habits, new perception about illness experience with family, uncertainty about upcoming health, worry about disease occurring, grasp the facts of unhealthy diet pattern, less exercise, growing stress, high-pressure drinking culture in the university, increasing concern for a healthy life, trying to change lifestyle, and difficulty in changing lifestyle. Conclusion: From the results of this study, we concluded that self-reflection on the health behaviors after health education with videotapes could reinforce to change health behaviors and concepts for undergraduate students.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2007

Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the levels of DNA damage in human lymphocytes caused by smoking and other lifestyle factors. Methods : The study population consisted of 173 normal healthy male adults from 21 to 59 years old. The demographic and lifestyle variables were obtained from administered questionnaires. The level of lymphocytic DNA damage in the peripheral blood was evaluated by the Comet assay. Statistical analyses were done by general linear model analysis and Dunnett's multiple comparison. Results : The difference in DNA damage between smokers and non-smokers was statistically significant. The means for the Tail%DNA were found to be 10.48 in the current smokers and 9.60 in the non-smokers (p < 0.05). The tail moment means were 1.58 and 1.45 (p < 0.05) for the current smokers and non-smokers, respectively. The number of cigarettes smoked per day did not result in a significant difference in the level of DNA damage among the smokers. Other lifestyle factors such as age, and drinking and exercise habits were not related to DNA damage. Conclusions : The DNA damage in the lymphocytes of smokers was found to be significantly higher than that for non-smokers. However, the number of cigarettes smoked per day was not related to DNA damage. Further study is needed to evaluate the relationship between the amount of smoking and level of damage to DNA. In addition, the status of DNA repair activities should be assessed.