• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.574-593
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• 2015

This research's main objective was to analyze the special qualities of food culture of the Main Family in Chung-Buk through a case study on the diversified types of meals that the Main Family cooked, such as courtesy food, normal food, and seasonal food. The research identifies traditional ingredients of specialties from Chung-Buk through old literature. According to "Sejongsillokjiriji", there are a myriad of ingredients:, including jujube, ginseng, pine mushroom, manna lichen, persimmon, mandarin fish, crab, sweetfish, lacquer, honey, and terrapin, which represent Chung-Buk's unique ingredients. Another reliable source, "Banchandungsok", does not provide a detailed list of traditional foods, but rather a simple list. The majority of food from Chung-Buk, in "Banchandungsok", consist of side dishes like kimchi and salt greens. Eventually, salt greens became diversified. As Chung-Buk is a landlocked province, people often used dried pollack. Kimchi and raw coaker were frequently used as well, and rice cakes encompassed multiple ingredients such as: jujube, mushroom, pine nut, and, dried persimmon. There were distinct differences in the diversity of food and amount of dishes used by the Main Families of Chung-Buk dependent on the ingredients and wealth of each Main Family. Chung-Buk has a landscape full of mountains, so potatoes were abundant and used to make potato Dasik. When cooking process was completed, people placed kelp on to the finished product. Seasonal foods were considered very important, especially on special occasions such as Backjoong, which was a day dedicated to laborers. These foodsprovided a good opportunity for the community to build stronger bonds by sharing rice cake and Yukgaejang with other members of the community. It is apparent that "Jeobbingac" culture, or guest culture, flourished since people in Chung-Buk are traditionally taught to leave spare food for the guest at all times.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.428-438
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• 2008

본 연구는 한국인 상용 식품의 콜린 함량을 분석하기 위하여 2001년도 국민건강영양조사의 다소비 식품과 다빈도 식품 185종에 대하여 choline oxidase 효소법을 사용하여 식품의 총 콜린함량을 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 식품 100 g당 총 콜린 함량이 높은 식품은 메추리알 476.04mg, 마른 오징어가 452.42 mg, 소고기간 427.16 mg, 돼지고기간 424.92 mg, 참치통조림 414.44 mg, 멸치 381.30mg, 북어 378.88 mg, 달걀 309.88 mg, 닭고기간 259.38mg, 대두 238.62 mg로 건조어류, 동물의 간, 난류와 두류가 고콜린 식품으로 분류될 수 있겠고, 그 뒤를 이어 마늘빵이 193.18 mg, 쌀보리가 182.73 mg으로 곡류도 상당한 콜린 급원식품인 것으로 나타났다. 채소류와 과일류에서 낮은 콜린 함량을 보였으며, 또한 유자차, 녹차에서도 1 mg 이하의 낮은 콜린 함량을 보였다. 고춧가루, 맥주, 소주, 콩기름, 옥수수 기름 등에서는 콜린이 검출되지 않았다. 채소류, 과일류, 조미료류와 식물성 유지류가 저 콜린식품임을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과에서 볼 때 건조어류, 어류 가공품과 간, 난류, 두류, 곡류가 고콜린군 식품이며, 식물성 식품에서는 두류와 곡류 및 그 제품이, 동물성 식품에서는 어패류, 난류, 육류가 콜린의 주요 급원식품임을 알 수 있었다. 앞으로 Zeisel의 결과에 비해 크게 상이한 결과를 보인 쌀이나 밀가 루 등 일부 식품에 대한 보다 정확한 분석절차에 대한 연구가 뒤따라야 하리라고 본다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.1086-1091
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• 2012

The objective of this study is to investigate the sensory quality attributes for the development of soy sauce containing Cheongmirae (Smilax china) root. Aqueous extracts of Cheongmirae root and Cheongmirae-soy sauce were used for determining the antioxidant effect by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and sensory evaluation. Chengmirae-soy sauce was prepared by mixing Chengmiae extract (50%) and soy sauce (50%). Cheongmirae extract and Cheongmirae-soy sauce had strong DPPH scavenging effects, compared to that of general soy sauce. In sensory analysis, low intensities of smell, taste and overall preference were observed in Cheongmirae root extract. Various seasoning items, such as anchovy, dried-pollack, katsuobushi, shiitake, radish, and kelp, were used to determine the suitable type of soy sauce containing Cheongmirae root extract. The anchovy-kelp-radish and anchovy-shiitake-kelp-radish among the seasoning items were well-matched with Cheongmirae root extract. From these results, soy sauce containing Cheongmirae root extract may be used as a soup seasoning for Korean style noodles.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2001

This paper is intended to survey the literature about Shamanistic and Buddhistic memorial services and to examine the food culture manifested in them. In Shamanistic rituals, fish and meat were not prohibited except in special cases whereas Buddhism Prohibited fish and meat. For Shamanistic rituals, rice cake, cooked rice, liquor and the walleye pollack were commonly used. Besides there were such important offerings as a boiled pork head, chestnuts, jujube and persimmons (dried persimmons) . For Buddhistic memorial services, such foods as cooked rice, soup, cooked pot-herbs, saute, rice cake, confectionary (or candies), chestnuts and jujubes, were dedicated such offerings as cooked rice, rice cake, cooked pot-herbs and fruits were commonly used for both Shamanistic and Buddhistic memorial rites. Particular fruits were not prohibited in either case. Buddhistic rites in particular offered such foreign fruits as pineapples, kiwi and oranges, which showed that the foods of Buddhistic memorial services reflected the popular foods of the day more than those of Shamanistic ones. Water (Jung-hwa-su) brought from the well at daybreak for Buddistic memorial rites came from Shamanism, where as oil-and-honey pastry (Yu-gwa) used for Shamanistic rites came from Buddhism, which showed that the offerings of Buddhistic memorial services and Shamanistic ones were influenced by each other.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.550-558
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• 2006

We developed a kind of soy-based sauce for stews using three recipes and sensory evaluation processes, and examined the biological activities such as antioxidative, fibrinolytic and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activities of hot water extract of Cornus officinalis S. et Z in order to use as functional ingredient. The developed stew was composed of soy sauce $1\frac{1}{2}$ Tbsp, sugar $1\frac{1}{4}$ Tbsp, garlic, small green onion, powdered sesame and sesame seed oil $\frac{1}{2}$ tsp, respectively, ginger extract $\frac{1}{4}$ tsp, black pepper $\frac{1}{8}$ and water $\frac{2}{3}$C per 300 g of main ingredients(pork rib, chicken and dried pollack). It was evaluated more highly acceptable than the original recipes by sensory test. Replacement of water in the recipe of the developed stew sauce with hot water extract of Cornus officinalis S. et Z did' nt affect the sensory quality. From the above results. we concluded that hot water extract of Cornus officinalis S. et Z might be a excellent source to provide health functionality.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.273-284
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• 2004

This study is on the changing pattern of fish-and-shellfish uses during the last two thirds of Chosun period on the premise that they are influenced by development of fishing technology. With a literary approach, this paper researches how fish-and-shellfish production and consumption pattern changed, especially in relation to technological development of fisheries. First, we examine into the changes of fishery production. And next, we analyze the kind and cooking method of fish-and-shellfish in [Eum-sik-di-mi-bang](1670) and [Gyu-hap-chong-seo](1815). The analysis of two books revealed that there were significant differences in fish-and-shellfish uses. Because the two books were written with a gap of 145 years and the development of fishing technology and remarkable changes of fishery production affected on the fish-and-shellfish uses. Due to primitive fishing tools and skills, fresh-water and reverse-river-fish and shellfish had been caught in substantial amount until the middle ages of Chosun period. As a result, the availability of seafood were limited extremely even in the upper classes. These situations are evidenced by the analysis of [Eum-sik-di-mi-bang]. Only 12 kinds of fish-and-shellfish are described in [Eum-sik-di-mi-bang]. Most of the sesfoods is mollusc which is easy to catch. As for the salt-water fish, dried cod and dried herring were mentioned. Mullet, the reverse-water-fish, is used most frequently. Only one kind of 'Hoe', which needs extreme freshness, is described. This means that the use of fresh fish-and-shellfish was very limited to some kinds which could be caught near the village. As the netting fishery began to be developed in the 18th century, the production of some salt-water fishes, such as anchovy, shrimp, yellow corvina, pollack, and herring, had increased remarkably to make marine resources more available. Small fish, such as anchovy and shrimp were preserved as 'Jeot-gal' and sold nationwide. Therefore, 'Jeot-gal' and seafood could be used in Kimchi around this time and had a deep influence on the change of Kimchi in taste and nutrition. In [Gyu-hap-chong-seo], 33 kinds of fish-and-shellfish are described. Including cod and herring, 17 kinds of sea water fish and mollusc are mentioned. Some of these are consumed in fresh state, neither as dried nor as salted. Because the merchants promoted the transport of seafoods to other regions according to the growth of commercial economy. As a result the diet of the people could be enriched by the various seafoods.

• 분석과학
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.336-344
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• 2009

식생활과 밀접한 관련이 있는 식품인 멸치, 새우, 북어 등 건포류 총 10종에 대한 중금속 오염 실태를 파악하여 식품 위생학적 안전성을 조사하고자 수은, 납, 카드뮴, 비소 등을 대상으로 그 함량을 분석하였다. 건포류 총 189건의 시료에 대하여 유도결합플라즈마분광광도계(ICP) 및 수은분석기 등을 이용하여 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다(Mean${\pm}$SD (range), mg/kg). 건포류 평균 중금속 함량은 수은 $0.058{\pm}0.069$ (0.002~0.502) mg/kg, 납 $0.178{\pm}0.598$ (ND~5.130) mg/kg, 카드뮴 $0.306{\pm}0.610$ (ND~6.802) mg/kg, 비소 $5.282{\pm}6.158$ (ND~71.760) mg/kg으로 납에서 기준초과로 검출된 두건을 제외하고는 자연함량수준으로 오염의가능성은 없다고 생각된다. 멸치 크기에 따른 중금속 함량은 납을 제외한 수은, 카드뮴, 비소에서 유의적 차이가 인정되었다(p<0.05). 새우와 명태의 형태에 따른 중금속 함량을 비교한 결과는 각 그룹간의 뚜렷한 유의적 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 오징어와 새우의 수입국산간 중금속 함량비교는 오징어의 경우 카드뮴과 비소에서만 유의적 차이가 인정되었고 새우는 수입국산간의 유의적 차이가 인정되지 않았다(p<0.05). 또한 우리나라 국민이 건포류를 통해 섭취하는 수은, 납, 카드뮴 등의 중금속 주간섭취량은 FAO/WHO에서 중금속 안전성 평가를 위해 정한 잠정주간섭취허용량인 PTWI의 1.17~11.52% 수준으로 안전한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.549-560
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to understand the arrangement of the religious food and religious diet in Kang-Rung region which was recogniged as cultural region. Investtigation was done by interview person to person, and the results are as follows. 1. The arrangement of religious food and regious diet in Kang-neung region were differed from home to home. 2. In Kang-neung region, Chu-suk religious ceremonies and religious diet were setted much religious diet than memorial service which was held on an anniversary of their's death. 3. At first line, they have arranged Hynbab and Kuk, or Papbaab and Miyegkuk or Paogikuk. On the other hand, Songpyen was placed in traditional standard setting. At second line, they have arranged Songpyen, Kijung, Aegeok, Yukgeok, Nurumgeok, DonBaegigeok, Memilgeok, and cooked octopus(muneo) on the Aegeok. They have also arranged fishes which were the cooked Alaska pollack(rnyongtai), codfish(daeku), flatfish (kajami), yellowtail(bangeo), salmon(yeoneo), trout(songeo) and Saegsunjeon, Dubujeon, Wanjajeon, Kokumajeon. At third line, they have arranged Yuktang, Sotang, Eotang, Altang which is boiled eggs. Altang was arranged instead of steamed chicken. At fourth line, they have arranged Bukeopo, Cuttlefish(dried Ojingeo), Gajamisikhe, Myungtaeposikhe. On the other hand, Sikhe was necessarily placed on the setting of traditional standard service for the ancestor. They have arranged also Chinese bellflower(Doragi), Fernbrake(Kosali), Spinach, Osmund (Kobi), Greenbean Sprouts, Leopard plant(Komchwi), Gourd(Pak), and Lentinus edodes (Pyokjo), but Kimchi was omitted. At fifth line, they have arranged Date, Chestnut, Persimmon, the fruit of Actinidia arguta(Dare), Heron, Banana, Kwajeul and Kangiung were considered as dishes. Dasik and biscut were also used for setting dishes.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2001

A survey was conducted to assess the food-purchase behavior of 197 Taejon full time housewives 30 to 49 years of age. Food purchase was assessed using a questionnaire and the resulting data were analyzed using SPSS programs. Demographic data revealed that most of the households have three to five family members and that the Engel Indices of the participating households were mostly between 10 and 30%. Noticeable results of the food purchase assessment are as follows. In the grain and grain products items, the low-education group purchased more rice and barley than the high-education group, whereas the high-education group purchased more glutinous rice, brown rice, bread, macaronis and spaghetti than the low-education group. In the vegetable items, the low-education group purchased more Chinese cabbage and radish than the high-education group, while the high-education group purchased more head lettuce, broccoli and sweet pepper than the low-education group. In the meat items, the beef purchase was higher in the high-education than in the low-education group, while the pork purchase was higher in the low-education than in the high-education group . In the processed meat items, ham was the most favorite purchase item regardless of the education level. In the fish and shellfish items, Pacific cod and Alaska pollack were purchased more in the low-education than in the high-education group, and salmon and dried icefish strip were purchased more in the high-education than in the low-education group. No items in fruit group showed significant differences in the purchase amount between the low-education and the high-education group although the latter purchased more imported-fruits such as melons, kiwis, grapefruits, and oranges. Dairy products such as milk, cheese and butter were purchased more in the high-education than in the low-education group. It was also found that both the number of food items and the consumption of foods coming from animals were higher in the high-education than in the low-education group.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.595-602
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• 1999

This study was intended to develop traditional Korean soup recipe which can be used for food service and meet consumers' taste with a focus on clear soup such as clear radish soup, sea mustard soup, dried pollack soup, croaker soup, and backbone soup. The developed sample(S1) showed the highest level of overall preference among consumers. There were significant differences in sensory characteristics of the samples especially between S1 and others. The sensory characteristics of each soup showed a slight difference depending on the kind of soup, however, all items had an effect on overall preference. One of the standardized recipe to make broth was presented as follows: The ingredients for broth consists of the shank or brisket of beef(100 g), water(10 cup), spring onion(20 g), onion(30 g), garlic(10 g), salt(1 teaspoonful), and black pepper power(1/10 teaspoonful). 1) The meat part of shank or brisket is prepared. 2) The unfrozen meat is immersed in cold water for 20 min, whereby blood is extracted from the meat. 3) 10 cups of water are poured into the pan and boiled enough. 4) After water has boiled enough, the lump of meat with blood extracted is cut into 2 or 3 pieces and is boiled in the boiling water by high-intensity heat with the pan lid uncovered, and dirty foam is scooped out while boiling. 5) If the broth begins to be extracted, the intensity of heat is lowered for boiling for one hour or so, and then again boiled for 30 min with spring onion, garlic, onion and the like. If the broth is extracted enough, spring onion, garlic, onion, and others are removed from the pan. the broth is seasoned with salt and black pepper powder, and foam is removed by using fine mesh sieve or gauze. Then, 6 cups of clear broth is obtained finally.