• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.457-467
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• 2008

The purpose is to explore elementary students' attitudes towards money and the effects of parents' educational involvement on children's economic behaviors. The subjects are elementary students(N= 123) from first grade to sixth grade. The survey consists of question items of money ethics, attitudes towards money, consumer ethics, parents' attitudes toward economic education, and children's economic practices such as management of allowance, income, saving and savings account. The results are as follows: first, the elementary students show the double standard in attitudes to money, thinking of money as positively being important, at the same time, as being negative social value. Second, the parents play positive models in children's economic education. However, their efforts are not enough so that their children could have desirable economic habits. Therefore, economic education is first needed for the parents and then for children.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.46-60
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• 2011

Nowadays, the change of the social structure such as the elderly society and the broken traditional family conception is progressing rapidly. The social change produced a lot of problems, and the welfare from among these is the urgent problem. The welfare for the aged is very important problem in an aging society. The changes of industrial and economic structures also caused the increase of double-income families. The numbers of schoolchildren decreased rapidly because of the low birth and elderly society. So, many idle spaces of existing school facilities have emerged, and these left spaces is being blamed for the fiscal waste. If these idle spaces were used for the welfare-facilities, it will be of assistant to solve the problem about welfare and use the school facilities effectively. And then, the big profit from these enterprises can be used for the better welfare for education.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2004년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.175-176
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• 2004

Housing culture has rapidly changed since apartments were first introduced in the 1970's. Among our living spaces, particularly, the kitchen reflects our lifestyle and its changes are more remarkable. Activities in kitchen areas include a diverse range of behaviors such as greeting guests, conversation, and family gathering besides cooking and dining. kitchen areas would not be the dedicated housewives' area, but rather a space for all family members. Kitchen areas become a 'living center' where all family members get together and have various family activity. This housing project was designed for the double income family who is consisted of 4 persons. The total area of Apt was 237.6M2. A residence is always comfortable, resting, and consistent for the family. Intimacy image, functional equipments and space, healthy materials were used for this project.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.149-159
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• 2004

An Ethnographic Decision Model (EDM) to explore socioeconomic, cultural, and psychological factors related to the attitudes toward childless family was developed in this study. From college students' protocol writings, this research found that the participants in general had conservative views about childless families. They tended to simplify childless families as either infertile couples or DINK (Double Income No Kids) couples. The participants explained why they decided to have or not to have children in the future. They seemed to believe in a traditional family structure and idealize parental roles, while recognizing the high economic and psychological cost of rearing children. They claimed that Korean society set high standards for parents, which were too difficult to reach. The participants, having been educated to believe in self-actualization through their successful careers, struggled to choose between a family with children and one without children. This study was conducted with a holistic view, and highlighted the importance of interactions between traditional ideology about the family and socioeconomic contexts when interpreting college students' perspectives on childless family.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.183-202
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• 1992

This study was undertaken to evaluate the living condition and the reality of visiting part-time workers through the survey. On the matter of living condition, the most difficult problem is financial problem followed by residential problem. On the matter of female's household labor, there was a considerable difference according to the houseband's age and academic background, and family monthly income. On the question of family relationship, it was found that there was rare communication between children and father because father was rigid to talk with. In the case of mother and children, they could not find time to talk with each other. In the group of the old aged, they work to make their living. On the other hand, in the group of younger generations and the higher educated, they replied that they should work whatever the work is. It was found that they were subjected to their work because of their financial situation and that they were under the double yoke of family and work because there were no legal protection and organizational devices.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
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• pp.2076-2077
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• 2007

To find out abnormal electrical conditions, periodic inspections for residential houses are being performed every 3 years. According to data from KESCO, the number of uninspected houses is rising as the number of empty houses during normal working hours is rising by dramatic increase in the number of nuclear families and double income families. As a result, potential hazards are increased by them. In this paper, a model of a national electric safety network is presented. In the model, functions for ubiquitous environments were partially realized.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제19권spc호
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• pp.199-202
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• 2011

Organic production practices varied among producers. Generally, organic producers were relying on imported input materials such as organic compost and liquid fertilizer even more than conventional producers. Very few organic farmers had composting facilities or sites for the own supply of compost in need. The productivity of organic kiwifruit orchard (92%) was not as low as that of conventional while the net income (243%) was more than double that of conventional. This was mainly attributed to high farm gate price of organic fruits, low paid labour use and electricity. As a consequence, organic kiwifruit production seems to become a feasible option in Korea. However, high dependence on imported farming material, fuel and labour for too frequent liquid fertilizer spray should be addressed to achieve long term sustainability of organic kiwifruit production.

• 분석과 대안
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.35-77
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• 2023

This study aims to solve the entangled loop between demographic transition (DT) and economic growth by analyzing cross-country data. We undertake a national-level group analysis to verify the compressed transition of demographic variables over time. Assuming that the LA (latecomer advantage) on DT over time exists, we verify that the DT of the latecomer is compressed by providing a formal proof of LA on DT over income. As a DT has the double-kinked functions of income, we check them in multiple aspects: early maturation, leftward threshold, and steeper descent under a contour map and econometric methods. We find that the developing countries (the latecomer) have speedy DT (CDT, compressed DT) as well as speedy income such that DT of the latecomers starts at lower levels of income, lasts for a shorter period, and finishes at the earlier stage of economic development compared to that of developed countries (the early mover). To check the balance of DT, we classify countries into four groups of DT---balanced, slow, unilateral, and rapid transition countries. We identify that the main causes of rapid transition are due to the strong family planning programs of the government. Finally, we check the effect of latecomer's CDT on economic growth inversely: we undertake the simulation of the CDT effect on economic growth and the aging process for the latecomer. A worrying result is that the CDT of the latecomer shows a sharp upturn of the working-age population, followed by a sharp downturn in a short period. Compared to early-mover countries, the latecomer countries cannot buy more time to accommodate the workable population for the period of demographic bonus and prepare their aging societies for demographic onus. Thus, we conclude that CDT is not necessarily advantageous to developing countries. These outcomes of the latecomer's CDT can be re-interpreted as follows. Developing countries need power sources to pump up economic development, such as the following production factors: labor, physical and financial capital, and economic systems. As for labor, the properties of early maturation and leftward thresholds on DTs of the latecomer mean that demographic movement occurs at an unusually early stage of economic development; this is similar to a plane that leaks fuel before or just before take-off, with the result that it no longer flies higher or farther. What is worse, the property of steeper descent represents the falling speed of a plane so that it cannot be sustained at higher levels, and then plummets to all-time lows.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2005

참외 무가온 재배시 보온부직포를 이용하여 보온재배 하고 있으며 한번 구입한 보온부직포는 보온력과 관계없이 장기간 사용하고 있다. 본 시험은 참외 무가 온 재배 시 보온부직포의 활용도를 높이기 위하여 보온 부직포의 이중피복에 따른 보온효과, 생육, 품질 및 수량성을 구명하기 위하여 정식 전부터 4월 20일까지 보온부직포를 9+3온스, 6+6온스 그리고 6+3온스로 이중으로 덮어 12온스와 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 터널내 야간 온도는 913온스 처리구에서 가장 높았고 6+6온스, 6+3온스 그리고 12온스 순이었다. 생육은 12온스에 비하여 이중피복구에서 초장, 엽수, 일비액량 등 생육이 우수하였으며 특히 9+3온스 처리구에서 가장 좋았다. 과중. 과육두께, 당도, 상품과율 및 수량 등은 처리간 차이는 없었으나 발효과 발생율은 12온스의 $32.9\%$에 비하여 9+3온스, 6+6온스, 6+3온스 이중피복 처리구에서 각각 $19.6\%,\;10.2\%,\;16.6\%$ 감소하였다. 10a당 수량은 12온스의 2,260kg에 비하여 9+3온스에서는 $7\%$ 증가하였으나, 6+6온스 및 6+3온스에서는 각각 $3\%,\;13\%$ 감소하였다. 소득은 12온스의 4,499천원에 비하여 9+3온스에서는 $13\%$, 6+6 온스 $3\%$증가한 반면 6+3온스에서는 $10\%$ 감소하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 참외 무가온 재배시 보온효과, 품질, 경제성분석 결과 보온부직포를 12온스 한 겹으로 덮는 것보다는 9+3온스나 6+6온스 등과 같이 이중으로 피복하는 것이 좋은 것으로 생각되었다.

• 한국가족복지학
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• 제60호
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• pp.133-173
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• 2018

본 연구는 노후소득보장체계의 핵심인 공적연금에 해당하는 북한 년로년금에 대해 공간(公刊) 문헌에 기초하여 제도를 분석하고 북한이탈주민 인터뷰를 통해 실태를 파악함으로써 제도와실태 간 일치 및 괴리를 분석하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 연구방법은 1945년부터 2013년까지 사회보장과 관련된 북한 법령과 북한 사전(정치사전, 경제사전, 재정금융사전, 조선대백과사전)을 활용한 문헌분석 및 눈덩이 표집방법을 활용한 25명의 북한이탈주민 면접자료의질적 분석이다. 연구결과, 북한 년로년금의 제도와 실태는 일부에서만 일치하는 것으로 나타났다. 사회주의 국가체제에서 국가책임의 공적연금이 제대로 작동하지 않을 경우 결국 가족의 역할이 강조될 수밖에 없다. 본 연구의 학술적 함의로는 다양한 북한 원자료에 기초한 연금제도 이해와 북한이탈주민 인터뷰를 통한 실태 해석이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구의 결과물이 통일시대 노후소득보장 체계 구축에서 가족, 시장, 국가 간의 균형을 찾는데 기여할 수있을 것이다.