• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 1978.04a
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• pp.98.2-98
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• 1978

호기성 발효에 있어서, 산소와 charge transfer complex를 형성할 수 있는 phenol 유도체인 guai-acol, vanillin, O-v-anillin 등과 catechol 유도체인 resorcine, adrenaline, dopamin 등이 산소와의 반응에 의하여 효과적인 산소공급 촉진제로서 이용될 수 있는가를 알아보기 위하여 합성배지중에서 나타내는 산소이동계수(KLQ)를 측정 비교하여 발효공학에의 응용가능성을 검토하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.355-362
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• 2000

Neoplastic growth is characterized by alterations of oncogenes and antioncogenes. The interaction between activated oncogenes and functional deletion of antioncogene appears to be the driving force directing normal cells to uncontrolled growth resulting in tumor. In addition to those genes mentioned, other genes controlling the entry of cells into the cell cycle have recently been implicated in cancer development. The overexpression of the cyclin D1 gene, which has been mapped to 11q13, either by gene rearrangement or amplification has been noted in various malignant tumors. The product of the cyclin D1 gene forms a complex with cyclin-dependent protein kinases(CDK4) that governs a key transition in the cell cycle. The relationships between the overexpression of cyclin D1 assessed by immunihistochemistry and the amplification of the cyclin D1 gene by differential polymerase chain reaction(DPCR) using primers for dopamin D2 receptor gene in 13 cases of squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity have been studied. The semiquantitative assay of cyclin D1 amplification has been made by cyclin D1/dopamin D2 receptor(CD/DR) ratio. The results were as follows; 1. In the normal tissue and the tumor, the CD/DR ratios were 0.82 and 1.36 respectively. This implicates 1.65-fold amplification of cyclin D1 gene in tumor compared to that in normal tissue. 2. The tumor tissue which showed overexpression of cyclin D1 by immunohistochemistry revealed 2-fold amplification of cyclin D1 compared to the normal tissue. 3. The tumor tissue which showed mild expression of cyclin D1 by immunihistochemistry revealed 1.7-fold amplification of cyclin D compared to the normal tissue. 4. The cyclin D1 was overexpressed in the tumor tissue at the rate of 38%. Above results suggest that cyclin D1 has close correlation with the development of carcinoma in the oral cavity. But further studies were needed to elucidate the carcinogeneic mechanisms by comparative studies among cyclin D1, pRb and p53.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.261-275
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• 2007

Parkinson's Disease is a well known degenerative disease which result's in the depletion of dopamin-producing neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra. This is a chronic, progressive disorder characterized by progressive muscular rigidity, pill-rolling tremor, flexed posture, shuffling gate and akinesia. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of an oxygen therapy with various scales on symptoms of Parkinson's disease. We treated his disease with Oxygen treatment , including herbal medicine acupuncture, and trigger point therapy, and we evaluated the clinical progress of the patient using UPDRS and H- Y stage. After treatment for about 1-month, the chief complaints and tremor symptoms were improved. This study suggests that oxygen therapy is significantly effective in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.311-322
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• 1990

This study primarily attempted to investigate the effects of methamphetamine on stereotyped behavior. Furthermore, an extensive experiment was conducted to examine the cortex methamphetamine concentration and levels of dopamine, serotonin, and their metabolites in striatum, septum and hypothalamus. Following treatment with 10 mg/kg methamphetamine, stereotyped behavior was observed in 10 minutes. Consequently female rats displayed more intense and longer lasting activity than the male. The concentration of cortex methamphetamine was even higher in female than male. The administration of methamphetamine increased the rate of dopamine turnover-i.e. lower dopamine, higher homovanillic acid in the striatum, septum. The highest rate was found in the striatum. Methamphetamine decreased the levels of serotonin, and its metabolite of 5-indoleacetic acid in the striatum, septum. An intensity in behavioral response was accompanied by an increase in dopamine turnover, a decrease in serotonergic transmission. The reduction of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid-i.e. the metabolite of dopamine was due not to the inhibition of monoamine oxidase but to the induction of monoamine oxidase but to the induction of catechol-O-methyltransferase. The phenomenon of biogenic amines by methamphetamine concurred upon the concentration of methamphetamine in the brain. This process preceded stereotyped behavior. After single injection of 10 mg/kg methamphetamine, the levels of biogenic amines recovered within 6 hours.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.59-68
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• 1991

The word of stress was wsed in the field of physics as a external force from 17th century, but the meaning of this stress had chafed to the internal and exteral demand fort the human body in medical area. All the stumulants which make stress was called as j stressor. When animals get stress blucose excreted from liver to adapt for the emergent state ant some related hormone secrete convert protein and lipid to glucose for the purpose of energy supply to muscle. As a results heart rate, blood pressure, respiration rate are increased and musclse are strengthed. These physiolgical reactions ate controlled by autonomic nerve system under the control of hyothalamus in brain. Autonomic nerve system and endocrinary system are react harmoiously to stress reaction. According to the stress reaction, adrenomedullary system are stimulated, and epinephrine, morepinephrine are exceted. Author experimented the effect of the immobilizational stress to rat by analyzing the variaition of catecholamine secrction, the Na concentration and the effect of the antistresf effect by Panax Ginseng which is a traditional Korean herb medicine. The concentration of the norepinephrine, epinephrin, and dopamin in normal rat are 1 578 ng/ml, 0.365 ng/ml, and 0.731 ng/ml respectively, but in the immobilyzed stress groIn the concentration were increased to 1.915 ng.ml, 0.854 ng/ml, and 2,361 ng/ml which she the high show the higher concentration of catecholamine to stressor.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.262-268
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• 1996

It has been known that clozapine is more selective mesolimbic dopamin $D_2$ receptor antagonist and related to 5-HT receptor. In this study, we wxamined the plasma homovanillic acid(HVA), serotonin(5-HT), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5-HIM) levels in refractory schizophrenics during clozapine treatment. And we assessed the effects of clozapine on these plasma monoamine metabolites and their association with psychopathology and treatment response. Eight refractory schizophrenic patients(DSM-IV) have entered the study for 3 months during clozapine treatment. Patients were admitted to the inpatient sevice and withdrawn from all neuroleptics for 7-14 days but exceptionally occasional doses of lorazepam was given if needed for behavioral control. The dose of clozapine was titrated as tolerated to 800mg/day. The plasma HVA. 5-HIM and 5-HT levels were measured before treatment and following 2nd week, 4th week, 8th week, and 12th during treatment. Psychopathology was assessed with Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Positive and Negative Synrome Scale(PANSS) before and during clozapine treatment. During clozapine treatment, no statistically significant changes were found in plasma HVA, 5-HIM, 5-HT levels, and HVA/5-HIM ratio between baseline and following 2nd week, 4th week, 8th week, 12th week. However, the change in plasma 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio from baseline to 4th week was statistically significant. Generally, changes of plasma HVA, 5-HIAA, 5-HT levels and HVA/5-HIAA ratio were not associated with psychopathology but 5-HIAA was associated with in positive symptoms and general psychopathology of PANSS. These results suggest that clozapine has been found to have relatively weak dopaminergic blokade and stronger serotonergic antagonism.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.254-259
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• 2011

Objectives The aim of this study was to assess variations in caudate volume according to dopamin receptor D2/ankyin repeat and kinase domain containing 1 (DRD2/ANKK1) Taq 1a polymorphisms in young healthy adults and to evaluate the relationship between caudate volumes and psychiatric symptoms as measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Methods Genetic information regarding DRD2/ANKK1 Taq 1a and T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance images were acquired from 30 young healthy adults. Automatic segmentation of caudate was performed using the FreeSurfer program. Results Individuals with A2 homozygotes of DRD2/ANKK1 Taq 1a polymorphisms (n = 10) had greater right caudate volumes compared to those with A1 allele (s)(18.4% greater ; p = 0.019). Right caudate volumes were negatively associated with total scores of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (${\beta}$=-0.50 ; p = 0.016). Conclusions Our findings suggest the possibility that DRD2/ANKK1 Taq 1a polymorphisms may underlie the psychiatric symptoms by influencing the structure of the right caudate.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.103-117
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• 1982

In an effort to provide evidence as to the regulatory role of the central dopaminergic system on the renal function, the effects of centrally administered dopamine and its specific antagonist haloperidol were investigated. Haloperidol (HA) given intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) induced antidiuresis in doses of 15 and $50{\mu}g/kg$. With $15{\mu}g/kg$ sodium reabsorption in the tubules was increased, while with $50{\mu}g/kg$ free-water reabsorption was increased. However, a marked diuresis with increased sodium and potassium was observed with $150{\mu}g/kg$. Hemodynamic changes were not evident, indicating that the diuresis is of tubular origin. Dopamine (DA), on the other hand, produced antidiuresis when given i.c.v. in a dose-related fashion. With smaller doses of 5 and $15{\mu}g/kg$ the antidiuresis was related to increased reabsorption of sodium in the tubules, but higher doses of 50 and $150{\mu}g/kg$ the decreases in renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate were evident in addition to the tubular action. After pretreatment with $150{\mu}g/kg$ HA, the effects of $15{\mu}g/kg$ DA was abolished, but the antidiuretic actions of 50 and $150{\mu}g/kg$ were not blocked, and the natriuretic diuretic action of HA was overcome and became inconspicuous. These observations indicate that the central dopaminergic system influences the renal function by producing antidiuresis, and HA elicits diuresis and natriuresis by competitively antagonizing DA specifically on the central dopaminegic receptors. The antidiuresis observed with smaller doses of HA can be best explained by the facts that there are more than two types of DA-receptors in the brain and that the presynaptic autoreceptors on the dopaminergic neurones which affect the dopamine release at the synapse are more sensitive than the postsynaptic receptors. Overall, these data provide an evidence indicating that the central dopaminergic system plays a role in the regulation of renal function in the rabbit.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.270-287
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• 2015

Objectives To evaluate the neuroprotective effects of modified Yuldahanso-tang (MYH) in a Parkinson's disease mouse model. Methods 1) Four groups (each of 8 rats per group) were used in this study. 2) The neuroprotective effect of MYH was examined in a Parkinson's disease mouse model. C57BL/6 mice treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP, 30 mg/kg/day), intraperitoneal (i.p.) for 5 days. 3) The brains of 2 mice per group were removed and frozen at $-20^{\circ}C$, and the striatum-substantia nigra part was seperated. The protein volume was measured by Bradford method following Bio-Rad protein analyzing kit. Using mouse/Rat Dopamine ELISA Assay Kit. 4) The brains of 2 mice per group were separated and removed. TH-immunohistochemical was examined in the MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease mice to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of MYH on ST and SNpc. 5) Two mice out of each group were anesthetized and skulls were opened from occipital to frontal direction to take out the brains. The brains added TTC solution for 20 minutes for staining. 6) The water tank used for morris water maze test was filled with $28^{\circ}C$ water, and a round platform of 10cm in diameter was installed for mice to step on. The study was carried out once a day within 30 seconds, keep exercising to step on the platform in the pool. 7) The brains of two mice out of each group were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution and paraphillin substance was infiltrated. They were fragmented by microtome, and observed under an optical microscope after Hematoxylin & Eosin staining. 8) A round acrylic cylinder with its upper side open was filled with clean water and depressive mouse models were forced to swim for 15 minutes. After 24 hours the animals were put in the same equipment for 5 minutes and were forced to swim. 9) The convenient, simple, and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was established for simultaneous determination of Neurotransmitters in MPTP-MYH group. Results 1) MYH possess Dopamine cell protective effect on MPTP-induced injury in striatum and substantia nigra pars compacta. 2) MYH inhibits the loss of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreacitive (TH-IR) cells in the striatum and substantia nigra pars compacta on MPTP-induced injury in C57BL/6 mice. 3) MYH possesses improvement effect on MPTP-induced memory deterioration in C57BL/6 mice through the reduction of prolongated Sort of lost time by MPTP injection using the Morris water maze test. 4) MYH possesses hippocampal neuron protective effect on MPTP-induced injury in C57BL/6 mice. 5) MYH possesses improvement effect on MPTP-induced motor behaviour deficits and depression in C57BL/6 mice through the reduction of prolongated losing motion by MPTP injection using the Forced swimming test. 6) MYH increases serotonin product amount on MPTP-induced injury in C57BL/6 mice. Conclusions This experiment suggests that the neuroprotective effect of MYH is mediated by the increase in Dopamin, TH-ir cell, Hippocampus and Serotonin. Furthermore, MYH essential oil may serve as a potential preventive or therapeutic agent regarding Parkinson's disease.