• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1612-1612
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• 2001

The production of grain for export and domestic use is one of Australia's most important agricultural industries, and the NIR technique has been used extensively over many years for the routine monitoring of grain quality, particularly moisture and protein content. Because most Australian grain is intended for human food production, the determinants of grain quality for livestock feed, apart from protein, have been largely ignored. However the increasing use of grain for feeding to pigs, poultry, beef cattle and dairy cows has led to an important national research project entitled “Premium Grains for Livestock”. Two of the objectives of this project are to determine the compositional and functional characteristics of grains which influence their nutritional quality for the various classes of livestock, and to adopt rapid and objective analytical tests for these quality criteria. NIR has been used in this project firstly to identify a set of grain samples from a large population of breeders' lines which showed a wide spectral variation, and hence a potentially wide variation in nutritional value. The selected samples were not only subjected to an extensive array of chemical, physical and in vitro analyses, but also were grown out to produce sufficient quantities of grain to feed to animals in vivo studies. Additional grains were also strategically selected from farms in order to include the effect of weather damage, such as rain, drought and frost. In this study to date, NIR calibrations have been derived or attempted, on both ground and whole grains, for in vivo dry matter digestibility (DMD), pepsin-cellulase dry matter disappearance, protein, fat, acid detergent fibre, neutral detergent fibre, starch, in sacco DMD and in vitro assays to simulate starch digestion in the lumen and small intestine. Results so far indicate high calibration accuracy for chemical components (SECV 0.3 to 2.6%) and very promising statistics for in vivo DMD (SECV 1.8, $R^2$ 0.93, SD 7.0, range 61.9 to 92.3, n=60). There appears to be some potential for NIR to estimate some in vitro properties, depending upon the accuracy of reference methods and appropriate sample populations. Current work is in progress to extend the range of grains with in vivo DMD values (a very laborious and expensive process) and to increase the robustness of the various NIR calibrations, with the aim of implementing uniform testing procedures for nutritional value of grains throughout Australia.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.93-97
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• 2020

The cestode Taenia hydatigena uses canids, primarily dogs, as definitive hosts, while the metacestode larval stage cysticercus infects a range of intermediate hosts, including domestic animals such as goats, sheep, and pigs. Cysticercosis due to T. hydatigena has large veterinary and economic drawbacks. Like other taeniids, e.g., Echinococcus, intraspecific variation is found among the members of the genus Taenia. In Africa, few studies are available on the epidemiology and distribution of T. hydatigena, and even fewer studies are available on its genetic variation. In this study, we molecularly identified 11 cysticerci from sheep in Sudan and demonstrated the genetic variation based on the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) mitochondrial genes. The isolates were correctly identified as T. hydatigena with more than 99% similarity to those in the GenBank database. Low diversity indices and insignificant neutrality indices were observed, with 3 and 2 haplotypes for the nad1 and cox1 genes, respectively. The results suggest the presence of unique T. hydatigena haplotypes in Sudan, as haplotypes with 100% similarity were not found in the GenBank database. With few available studies on the genetic variation of T. hydatigena in Africa, this report represents the first insights into the genetic variation of T. hydatigena in Sudan and constitutes useful data.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.901-910
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• 2003

본 연구는 한국재래돼지 염색체의 핵형 제시를 위하여 G-banding, C-banding 및 AgNORs를 분석하였다. 시험에 공시된 공시축은 축산기술연구소에서 선발 육종중인 재래돼지 종모돈 50두를 대상으로 각 개체별 혈액채취로서 혈액배양을 이용한 핵형 분석을 수행하였다. 한국재래돼지의 핵형은 38, XX 또는 XY로서 5쌍의 submetacentric chromosomes(Group I), 짧은 단완을 가진 2쌍의 acrocentric chromosomes(Group II), 5쌍의 metacentric chromosomes(Group III) 및 동원체가 말단부에 있는 6쌍의 acrocentric chromosomes(Group IV)로 구성된 36개의 상 염색체와 metacentric인 XX 또는 XY 성 염색체로 구성되어 있다. 재래돼지의 G-banding은 각 상동 염색체별 고유한 특징적 밴드 양상을 나타내고 있으며, 전체 염색체의 형태적 특징이나 대표적 landmarks는 국제표준핵형과 큰 차이가 없는 양상이다. 그러나 재래돼지의 경우 국제표준핵형에 비하여 보다 많은 band가 출현하였고 특히 1번, 3번, 5번, 6번, 7번, 8번, 13번, 14번, 15번, 16번, 17번, 18번 및 X 염색체에서 sub-bands의 분리를 나타내었다. 재래돼지의 C-banding은 비록 각 염색체들 간 heterochromatin의 양적 다형성이 존재하지만 거의 모든 상염색체의 동원체 부위에 C-bands가 나타나고, Y 염색체는 염색체의 전장에 걸친 heterochromatin의 분포를 보였다. AgNOR 염색에 의한 재래돼지의 NORs는 8번 및 10번 염색체의 동원체 부위에 확인되었고, 세포 당 NORs의 수는 2개에서 4개까지 관찰되었으며, 평균 2.13개로 분석되었다. 10번 염색체의 경우 모든 상동염색체에서 NORs가 나타나나 8번 염색체에서는 수적 다형성뿐만 아니라 양적 다형성을 나타내었다. 품종 간 NORs의 비교 분석에서 재래돼지의 NORs 수가 Yorkshire에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타나 돼지의 NORs 분포 양상은 특히 8번 염색체에 있어 품종 간, 개체 간 및 세포 간에 다형적 변이 양상이 존재하는 것으로 사료된다.