• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.10-19
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• 2017

Objective: This study reviewed experimental studies on the effects of Korean medical treatment for diabetes mellitus (DM). Method: We reviewed 24 studies about DM that had been published since 2013. We searched the Korean Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM) database with the keyword '당뇨', '消渴', 'Diabetes'. Results: 1. The studies used various Korean medicine treatments; 15 used single medicinal herbs, 6 used herbal complexes, and 2 used acupuncture. 2. The measurement parameters used in the studies included blood glucose, body weight, histochemical change, lipid parameters, and food/water intake. Anti-diabetic effects were demonstrated in most of the studies. 3. The experimental animals used were rats or mice. There were 15 type 1 diabetes models, 7 type 2 diabetes models, and one normal model. Among them, 13 cases of chemical diabetes induced by Streptozotosin (STZ, type 1 diabetes inducer) were the most common. Conclusion: Further articles on Korean medical treatment of DM should be studied.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.48-50
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• 1988

Flehmen is well-known response which often occurs during the process of courtship in most mammals. Recent studies with domestic ruminants suggest that the flehmen may be involved in the mechanism of transferring some pheromonal substances to vomeronasal organ. Thus, variety of its significancehas been supposed, besides that male animals may use it for estrus detection. In this experiment, 8 male, 3 female and3 castrated goats of Saanen and its hybrid were used to ascertain whether urine from alien species can induce flehmen as that from same species. Urine was collected from twenty species consisting of 15 mammals, 3 birds and 2 reptiles and frozen until use. Mostly urine was sprayed to the nose of goats, but some coagulated ones were sniffed. Duration of flehmen was scored to four ranks as 0, 1-19, 20-39 and >40 sec. Each urine sample induced the response in any goats. However, much difference in the in tensity was found between the samples and according to the reproductive state of the receptor goats. Although individual difference was manifest, male goats generally showed more intense response than did female. Castrated goats showed the intermediate pattern. Administration of antiandrogen to the male goat tended to reduce the response. The results indicate that flehmen in the goat could occur for the urine of alien species as that of same species and the androgen may be one of the factors regulating the response.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.215-221
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• 1996

This study was carried out to develop an immunoassay for the diagnosis of the pregnancy and ovarian function of domestic animals. Using 2E92C10 monoclonal antibody(McAb) generated against estrone-3-glucuronide(E1-3-G) and appeared a high cross-reactivity with estrone-3-sulfate(E1-3-S), chemiluminesence immunoassay (CIA) to detect E1-3-S was developed. 2E92C10 McAb cross-reacted with E1-3-S (30%) was purified from ascites fluid using protein G sepharose gel column. The purity of purified antibody fraction was monitored by SDS-PAGE and was better compared to that of crude ascite fluid. The soild and liquid phase CIA for E1-3-S were established utilizing 2E92C10 antibody and E1-3-G-ABEI conjugate used as a tracer. As the results, the titer of 2E92C10 antibody was 5g/ml in soild phase and 1:2000 in liquid phase. The sensitivity on soild and solid phase CIA were about 200 pg/ml. These results indicate that CIA for measurement of E1-3-S was successfully developed by using ant-E1-3-G McAb cross-reacted with E1-3-S and could be usefully used to research this area.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.440-447
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• 2009

Domestic ruminant animals are reared in diverse production systems, ranging from extensive systems under semi-arid and tropical conditions with poor feed resources to intensive systems in temperate and cold areas with high quality feed. Nitrogen (N) recycling between the body and gut of ruminants plays a key role in the adaptation to such diverse nutritional conditions. Ammonia and microbial protein produced in the gut and urea synthesized in the liver are major players in N-recycling transactions. In this review, we focus on the physiological factors affecting urea production and recycling. Sheep and buffalo probably have higher abilities to reabsorb urea from the kidney compared with cattle. This affects the degree of urea-N recycling between the body and gut at both low and high N intakes. The synthesis and gut entry of urea also differs between cattle bred for either dairy or beef production. Lactating dairy cows show a higher gut entry of urea compared with growing cattle. The synthesis and recycling of urea dramatically increases after weaning, so that the functional development of the rumen exerts an essential role in N transactions. Furthermore, high ambient temperature increases urea production but reduces urea gut entry. An increase in total urea flux, caused by the return to the ornithine cycle from the gut entry, is considered to serve as a labile N pool in the whole body to permit metabolic plasticity under a variety of physiological, environmental and nutritional conditions.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.281-288
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• 1999

Helicobacter species have been identified in or isolated from domestic carnivores, but their prevalence in different population of animals and their clinical significance are still unknown. This study was peformed to evaluate the prevalence of Helicobacter in clinically healthy dogs by urease test, culture, morphological examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Tissue samples from 70 dogs in Kangwon and Kyunggi areas from August 1998 to April, 1999, were examined. The detection rates of Helicobacter by urease activity of tissue-samples were 84.6%, 61.3% and 4.8 % in the fundus, the antrum and the duodenum, respectively. One strain of Helicobacter was isolated from the duodenum. It was identified as H canis by biochemical and morphorogical examination. The detection rates of Helicobacter by histological examination were 92.3%, 79.0% and 4.8% in the fundus, antrum and the duodenum, respectively. Helicobacter organisms were colonized more in the gastric pits than in the surface of epithelium, the gastric gland or the parietal cell. Although most of dogs were colonized with Helicobacter in tissue, gross lesions and specific histopathological lesions caused by Helicobacter in these tissues were not observed. The detection rate of Helicobacter by PCR was 78.6%. The histological examination was more sensitive than urease test, culture or PCR technique for the detection of Helicobacter.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.310-313
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• 2008

C. perfringens is the most important enteric clostridial pathogen of animals. C. perfringens type A has been associated with hemorrhagic enteritis in a wide lange of domestic and wild mammals. But all types of C. perfringens can be normal inhabitants of the intestine of most mammals. We have a special case that showed C. perfringens type A infection in a hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) cub at Seoul Grand Park Zoo. Male, hippopotamus cub died in 3 days after birth. Clinical features of the hippopotamus cub have showed lethargy and anorexia before death. Gross post-mortem findings of the hippopotamus were hemorrhagic enteritis of intestine. Histopathologically, ruminant stomach and intestine showed hemorrhagic lesions and the lumen of the small intestine was filled with mucoid and hemorrhagic fluid. Also, intestine and stomach of hippopotamus were distended with gas and hemorrhagic fluid. C. perfringens was isolated in culture of small intestine and the presence of C. perfringens type A was confirmed by PCR. This case indicated that C. perfringens type A could be considered as a virulence factor responsible for causing death of a newborn hippopotamus.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.243-253
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• 2001

Forty-five Salmonella typhimurium isolates were encountered 8 phage types in which DT197 and U302 were the predominant types. The DT104 type which was first found from pig in Korea, and was resistant to chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, tetracycline, gentamicin and nalidixic acid. Twenty-two S enteritidis isolates were encountered 5 phage types in which PT4 were the representative (predominant). S enteritidis isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents. As a result of PFGE analysis for S typhimurium and S enteritidis, PFGE patterns was better than phage typing in discriminating of strains. PFGE patterns were not in accord with phage type even though some strain had the same phage types.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2016

This study was carried out to investigate the tick-borne pathogens from one hundred nineteen cattle farms (38 farms of Andong, 41 of Yeongju, 12 of Uiseong, 5 of Cheongsong, 5 of Yoengyang, 18 of Bonghwa) in northern areas of Gyeongbuk province by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among 119 cattle farms, the positive ratios against Babesia, Theileria, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia and Rickettsia were 3.4% (4/119), 10.1% (12/119), 6.7% (8/119), 1.7% (2/119) and 16.8% (20/119), respectively. Also, the PCR results revealed that 8 farms were positive for T. sergenti in positive of Theileria and 2 farms were positive for A. phagocytophilum in positive of Anaplasma. Therefore, further studies regarding vectors, environmental condition, interaction between domestic and wild animals and development of control program are needed to reduce the numbers of bovine tick-borne disease in northern areas of Gyeongbuk province.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.111-116
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• 2000

Pasteurella multocida, a Gram-negative coccobacillus, is part of the normal oral flora of many types of animals, including domestic dogs and cats. It is the etiologic agent of a variety of infectious diseases, such as hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle or fowl cholera in chicken. Although this is a primary pathogen in the animal world, infection due to Pasteurella multocida in man has been described with increasing frequency recently. The majority of individuals with Pasteurella multocida pulmonary infection possess some underlying pulmonary diseases, most commonly bronchiectasis or COPD. With a review of literature, We report a young man who developed the empyema caused by Pasteurella multocida.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.307-315
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• 1995

The characterization of the MHC of domestic animals may constitute a first step towards increasing the efficiency of food production through improved disease resistance. In order to study the role of the MHC in regulating immune response it is first necessary to identify the different MHC alleles. In this research we try to investigate the possible associations between BoLA of Korean native cattles and infectious cattle disease. For this purpose we used one approach, serology. The results were summarized as follows : 1. Korean native cattle's lymphocyte reacted with alloantisera which recognized seven official BoLA allele. Korean native cattle's lymphocytes were reacted same as European breeds(especially with 673/3(W20)). 2. Korean native cattle's lymphocytes reacted with alloantisera 773/2, 673/3, 638/3, 773/3, 602/2, 639/2 and 639/3 at high reaction frequency. But alloantisera 642/1 was not expressed on Korean native cattle. If this allele, recognized by alloantisera(642/1), officially certificate In BoLA workshop it will be characterization factor of Korean native cattle. 3. According to cellular similarity index, we can presume on genetic relativity which has no family relationship.