• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1954-1959
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• 2020

Background: Due to aging, blood flow rate decreases, also posture and chewing habit may be changed. Objective: To identify that changes in blood velocity in the common carotid arteries (CCAs) in old persons with unilateral chewing habit (UCH) and forward head posture (FHP) in the elderly. Design: An observational cross-sectional study. Methods: Chewing habits, FHP, and CCAs velocities were assessed in 85 elderly subjects. Chewing habits were measured by visual observation. CCAs measured the peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), minimum diastolic velocity, and resistivity index. The subjects were divided into UCH and bilateral chewing habit groups depending on chewing habit. The subjects were also divided into >49 degrees and <49 degrees for comparison of blood flow between the left and right CCAs. Results: In the UCH, the chewing side had significantly higher EDV (P=.003), PSV (P=.023) than the non-chewing side. There was no significant difference in velocity between the CCAs in the FHP. Conclusion: This study shows that the blood flow velocity of the chewing side of UCH was higher, and unilateral chewing affects the CCAs velocity and thus highlight the importance of chewing habit in the elderly than head posture.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.178-184
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• 2007

Purpose: During postpartum period, many women complain multiple pain, sweating, cold hypersensitivity, abdominal pain, hot flush and so on. We called the postpartum disease as San Hu Pung. The San Hu Pung could related with dysautonomia. So we studied the character of the postpartum disease patients as heart rate variability(H.R.V) Methods: The subjects were 63 women who visited Kangnam Kyunghee hospital for postpartum management from February 2006 to June 2007. From history taking, 42 symptomatic women was divided at the postpartum disease group, 21 asymptomatic women was divided at the control group. All women was measured HRV, we studied the difference of HRV between two group. Results: Compared with the control group, SDNN of the disease group was significant low. TP, LF and HF of the disease group were significantly lower than the control group. Conclusion: The difference of HRV between the disease group and the control group was significant. The results of HRV on the disease group could mean that San hu pung is related dysautonomia. The more studies to diagnose San hu pung would be needed.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.598-603
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• 2022

Objective: About one-third of college students are exposed to stress to the point that their academic performance is negatively affected. To provide useful information for managing the mental health of young people by analyzing the perceived stress level, depression level, and life satisfaction according to the amount of physical activity and the level of muscular strength in male college students. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: Among 304 students who participated in the health exercise class at Sahmyook University in Seoul, the amount of physical activity and the level of muscular strength were divided into 3 quartiles, respectively, and the perceived stress level, depression level, and life satisfaction were analyzed through one-way ANOVA. The physical activity level and muscle strength level of the subjects were ranked, divided into 3 groups, and the difference in variables according to the group was verified. Results: There was no difference in perceived stress level, depression level, and life satisfaction according to the amount of physical activity, but statistically significant differences were shown in perceived stress scale(p=0.008) and life satisfaction(p=0.030) according to muscular strength. Conclusions: Policies to increase physical activity are important to improve and manage the mental health of young people, but it is judged to be more meaningful to provide an environment that can improve muscular strength.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.113-122
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• 2022

Objectives: To report the effect of Korean medicine on a patient with insomnia from severe hot flashes. Methods: The patient suffered from extreme hot flashes for months. Symptoms were so severe that the patient attempted suicide. After starting psychiatric medication, symptoms persisted and hospitalization began. During hospitalization, herbal medicine, acupuncture, and psychotherapy were conducted. For evaluating therapeutical effect, Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging was performed twice during the treatment process. It was divided into major facial area and back area. The facial area was divided into two small units to measure the difference in temperature between two points. The back area was measured in the same way. Results: The temperature difference between the two points decreased over time and the patient's subjective symptoms reduced. Conclusions: Korean medicine therapy can improve symptoms of patients with insomnia accompanied by hot flashes.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.478-487
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• 2023

Background The outcome of alveolar grafting with synthetic bone substitute (Osteon III) in various bone defect volumes is highlighted. Methods A prospective study was accomplished on 55 patients (6-13 years of age) with unilateral alveolar bone cleft. Osteon III, consisting of hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate, is used to reconstruct the defect. Alveolus defect diameter was calculated before surgery (V1), after 3 months (V2), and finally after 6 months (V3) postsurgery. In the t-test, a significant difference and correlation between V1, V2, and V3 are stated. A p-value of 0.01 is considered a significant difference between parameters. Results The degree of cleft is divided into three categories: small (9 cases), medium (20 patients), and large (26 cases).The bone volume of the clefted site is divided into three steps: volume 1: (mean 18.1091 mm³); step 2: after 3 months, volume 2 resembles the amount of unhealed defect (mean 0.5109 mm³); and the final bone volume assessment is made after 6 months (22.5455 mm³). Both show statistically significant differences in bone volume formation. Conclusion An alloplastic bone substitute can also be used as a graft material because of its unlimited bone retrieval. Osteon III can be used to reconstruct the alveolar cleft smoothly and effectively.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.135-140
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• 2007

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence and describe radiologic pattern of ankle arthritis following change of mechanical loading axis by total knee arthroplasty. Materials and Methods: We reviewed radiographs of 419 cases, 243 patients underwent total knee arthroplasy from January 2002 to October 2006 retrospectively. We described radiologic parameters around the ankle joint and measured the amount of change of knee varus or valgus angle by comparing preoperative and postoperative anteroposterior standing lower extremities AP X-rays. We divided cases into two groups, one with radiologically arthritic change of the ankle joint and the other one without any radiologic change after surgery. We compared two groups in each parameters and analyzed statistically (SPSS v13.0). Results: Three hundred eighty one cases were divided into varus group and 38 cases in valgus group. 125 cases were divided into ankle arthritic change-positive subgroup among the varus group and 251 cases were in negative subgroup. The amount of varus angle correction by total knee arthroplasty showed significant difference between two subgroups. There was no significant difference in each parameters between subgroups within 38 valgus cases. Conclusion: Ankle arthritis can be aggravated after total knee arthroplasty because of the change of mechanical loading axis onto the ankle joint. Therefore it may be needed to evaluate symptoms and function of ankle joints before performing total knee arthroplasties especially in patients with huge varus deformities of knee joints.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.79-91
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• 2011

This study divided school age by considering a change in the stage of body growth by age in elementary schoolgirls with the use of body scan data, and considered by comparing body size characteristics by school age. Elementary schoolgirls' body shape cannot be divided clearly. However, ages 7-10 were bound into the same group for the majority of girth, width, and thickness items. 7-8 years old, 9-10 years old, and 11-12 years old were bound into the same group in most items except ages 9 and 10 for the height item. Thus, significant difference was indicated between groups. Accordingly, this study divided the school age into three periods such as early stage(ages 7-8), middle stage(ages 9-10), and late stage(ages 11-12) in consideration of the stages for elementary schoolgirls' body-shape growth. As a result of analyzing body size according to division of school age, the higher school age leads to continuous growth. The notable growth was indicated especially in the middle stage and late stage. Examining centering on typical items related to the clothing construction, there was notable increase in waist thickness and hip thickness between early and middle stages and in height, weight, breast girth, waist circumference, back length, breast width, and waist width between middle and late stages. On the other hand, hip circumference, hip width, breast thickness, and length between shoulder edges were indicated to grow relatively and evenly among early, middle, and late stages. The lateral form was shown a clear difference in the forms of early, middle, and late stages in height and length of the whole body shape and in side thickness. The early and middle stages belong to body shape that abdomen is projected to be curved. The late stage showed right body shape which is straight and stable form in posture.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.4205-4208
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• 2013

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore change and significance of serum carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) before and after gefitinib therapy in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Forty patients with advanced NSCLCs in III~IV stages were selected as study objects given gefitinib therapy combined with routine local radiotherapy until tumor progression or intolerable toxicity. After treatment, all patients were divided into control and non-control groups according to the results of evaluation based on RECIST 1.1 (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors in 2009). Peripheral fasting blood from all patients was collected in the early morning and serum CEA was assessed by electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) before and after treatment. Before treatment, patients were divided into high CEA group (CEA level > 50 ng/mL) and low CEA group (CEA level ${\leq}$ 50 ng/mL). Adverse reactions were noted and progression-free survival (PFS) in both groups was recorded after long-term follow-up that ended in December, 2012. Results: There was no difference between control and non-control groups in CEA level before treatment (P>0.05), whereas serum CEA decreased more markedly lower in the control group after treatment (P<0.01). All patients were divided into high CEA group (26) and low CEA group (14) according to serum CEA level. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in adverse reactions (P>0.05) but the rate in former group was lower. Additionally, survival rates at 9 and 12 months in high CEA group were clearly higher than in the low CEA group (P<0.01). Conclusions: Serum CEA level can serve as a biochemical index to evaluate the prognosis with gefitinib treatment for NSCLC.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.24-38
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• 2002

This study was undertaken to examine the effects of acupuncture at LI4 on temperature changes of the facial surface randomly divided into 17 areas. The volunteers who participating in this study had taken rest for 20 - 30 min in room temperature ($23-25^{\circ}C$) before acupuncture and informed them what to prohibit smoking, drinking and drug for the previous one day. The Temperature of facial surface was measured by using Digital Thermography IR 2000 (Meridian Co., Korea) at 5 min before and immediately, 5, 10, and 15 min after acupuncture on LI4. The results of this study showed that there was no significancy in thermal changes of facial surface randomly divided into 17 areas, but different significantly in the aggregate changes at the difference of the thermal changes on facial surface (p < 0.001). The difference of aggregate change was increased time-dependent and the changes at 1st, 3rd, and 13th area were comparatively smaller than the other areas. However, the changes at 6th, 8th, 10th and 15th area were more increased than the others. This study suggests that acupuncture at LI 4 help human being increase the reaction to maintain thermal homeostasis in facial surface and the ability to treat at these area's disease.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.121-149
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• 2002

This Study aims at investigating the tendency of individual problems that the students at the departments of dental technology are faced with, their efforts and types of activities to solve the problems. Surveyed for this purpose were 700 freshmen to juniors enrolled in the departments of dental technology at the universities across the country and they were analyzed by area, grade and sex. 1. Tendency of Problems The areas of problems the students at the departments of dental technology considered as most serious were health, human relation, view of value and economy in sequence, while the areas they considered as least serious were future course and employment. In general, there were tendencies as follows: divided by grade, the higher the grades of the students are, the higher scores of problems they get(F=12.14, P=.000) : in the areas of health and human relation, as the grade gets higher, the scores of their problems also increase, accordingly(F= 17.58, P=.000)(F=8.39, P=.000) : in the areas of economy, parents and home, freshmen and juniors are found to have higher scores of problems compared to sophomores,:F=7.89, P=.000)(F=11.63, P=.000) : divided by sex, female students recorded higher scores of problems than their counterparts(F=31.85, P=.000) 2. Efforts for Problems View of value, human relation, parents and home appeared to be the areas for which the students made the highest rate of efforts in sequence while the areas for which they paid lowest grade of efforts were health and economy. In other words, the students gave higher scores for human relation and view of value in terms of tendency as well as efforts of problems, while they rated high for health and economy in the tendency but low in the efforts of problems. Divided by grade, freshmen and juniors appeared to score higher points than sophomores in their efforts to solve problems, even though juniors made relatively higher efforts than freshmen(F=6.53, P=.002). Divided by sex, female students scored higher points in their efforts than males(F=15.98, P=.000) 3. Difference of Efforts to Solve Problems. In the analysis into the scores of difference showing the disagreement between the tendency of problems and the efforts to solve problems, the area of health was rated as highest, followed by economy. There was little difference of scores between human relation and view of value, an indicator of agreement between the scores of problems and efforts. The difference of scores between future course and employment, between liberal arts and recreation, between characters/parents and home/school work turned out to be negative in the listed sequence, leading to a conclusion that the students enrolled in the departments of dental technology are making more efforts to solve problems than actually needed in most areas. By grade, there was a significant difference only in the area of health(F=3.00, P=.050). This difference itself was widening as the students come to higher grades. By sex, females showed bigger difference than males. 4. Types of Activities to Solve Problems. The analysis into types of activities to solve problems revealed that the surveyed students seemed to actively cope with the problems in all areas, relying at the same time on personal relationship. Especially in the areas of health, economy, parents, home, human relation, future course and employment, the students appeared to deal with the problems actively as well as emotionally.