• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.12 no.1_2
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• pp.251-260
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• 2003

Generally, in deriving the solution of economic production quantity (EPQ) inventory model, we consider the demand rate and deterioration rate as constant quantity. But in case of real life problems, the demand rate and deterioration rate are not actually constant but slightly disturbed from their original crisp value. The motivation of this paper is to consider a more realistic EPQ inventory model with finite production rate, fuzzy demand rate and fuzzy deterioration rate. The effect of the loss in production quantity due to faulty/old machine have also been taken into consideration. The methodology to obtain the optimum value of the fuzzy total cost is derived and a numerical example is used to illustrate the computation procedure. A sensitivity analysis is also carried out to get the sensitiveness of the tolarance of different input parameters.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.504-508
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• 1991

In order to investigate whether the function of distal nephron is disturbed in adenine-induced renal failure rats, we measured the urinary kallikrein level in adenine-ingesting rats fed on 0.75% adenine diet for 1 to 10 days. Administration of 0.75% adenine to rats significantly increased blood urea nitrogen level and urine volume, while the level of kallikrein along with the urinary excretions of urea and inorganic phosphate were significantly decreased. From these results, it is suggested that adenine-induced renal failure is caused by early deterioration of distal nephron as well as proximal nephron.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 2005

The reduced power quality due to some of disturbances on power system has great influence on the efficient and life of load for bad with serious economic loss. The response of load about disturbance needs to analysis quantitatively in detail to improve load characteristics. In this research, a power supply device is developed to supply disturbed power similar to that of power system. The developed device can output a voltage and frequency from 180[V] to 240[V], 55[Hz] to 65[Hz] respectively. The most outstanding feature of this device is a function to be performed steady and dynamic state characteristic experiment on load or appliances. Also, this device is designed to include high accuracy ouput and simple measurement.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.141-154
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the effects of exercise on pulmonary function in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and CINAHL (through Jan 2019). Three reviewers independently retrieved articles, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality using the Cochrane's Risk of Bias for randomized studies. Results: Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 729 participants. CE (SMD 0.58, 95% CI 0.41~0.75, p<.001) and $VO_2peak$ (SMD 0.56, 95% CI 0.24~0.88, p=.001) had a significant effect on the most exercise interventions. As a secondary variable, BASFI (SMD -0.53, 95% CI -0.70~-0.37, p<.001), BASMI (SMD -0.75, 95% CI -0.92~-0.58, p<.001) showed an effect size of more than medium. However, PFT and QoL did not produce a significant results. Conclusion: Pulmonary involvement is common in patients with AS and might have disturbed functionality and exercise modality. Exercise can be an effective intervention to improve pulmonary function in patients with AS. More attention is needed to improve the chest and spinal mobility to maintain the appropriate pulmonary function. It is also necessary to consider how to construct a patient-tailored exercise program to increase performance, accuracy and safety of exercise.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences of the process of the change in cognitive function for women treated with chemotherapy for breast cancer. Methods: There were ten participants in total in this study. Data were gathered utilizing in-depth interviews over 3 times from September 2010 to January 2011. Data were analyzed by employing Strauss and Corbin's (1998) grounded theory methodology. Results: Findings indicate that causal conditions of these results were 'side effects of chemotherapy' and 'menopausal state', including contextual conditions as, 'mental fatigue' and 'anxiety about recurrence'. The core category was identified as 'confronting with unexpected chaos'. Intervening conditions were 'support from other people', 'lack of information on cognitive impairment'. Interaction strategies were 'changing the habit of life', 'making efforts for living life' and 'seeking for medical information'. Consequences of the process were 'physical restriction', 'difficulty in social life', 'disturbed working ability' and 'psychological distress'. Conclusion: The results of this study show that nurses should recognize there is a notable difference between individual patient's contextual conditions and interactive strategies. Furthermore educational information and individualized intervention should be provided to improve cognitive function for women with breast cancer.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.49-56
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• 2007

The "Somun Jogyongron(素問 調經論)" describes excess and deficiency syndromes. The study suggests that excess syndrome(實證) is caused by vigorous pathogenic fire(火邪)(the spirit(神)), pathogenic dryness(燥邪)(Gi(氣)), pathogenic wind(風邪)(blood(血)), pathogenic dampness(濕邪)(physique(形)) or pathogenic coldness(寒邪)(will(志)). When pathogenic fire is dominant within the body, Gi and blood becomes excessive and come out of the body, but the body cannot take them back, leading to the symptom in which the patient cannot stop laughing. When pathogenic dryness prevails, the lung(肺) cannot function properly. This means that the convergence(收斂) function of the clearing the lung and descending Gi(肅降) is deteriorated, and the patient shows symptoms of dyspnea and cough. Strong pathogenic wind increases the ascencling Gi in the liver(肝氣) and fuel angry emotion when the patient becomes upset. When pathogenic dampness is dominant, spleen(脾) function drops due to lumping effects, and the patient will experience abdominal distention(腹脹), which will disturb urination and defecation. When pathogenic coldness prevails, abdominal distention occurs due to condensating effects, and Yang Gj(陽氣) in the kidney(腎) is disturbed, leading to digestion disorders and eventually water-grain dysentery. Deficiency syndrome is caused by the lack of essential Gi(精氣) in the five viscera(五藏). Deficiency of sprit means the lack of Gi in the heart(心氣), so the patient becomes vulnerable to sadness. Deficiency of Gi means the lack of Gi in the lung(肺氣), so the patient may have breathing disorders. Deficiency of blood means the lack of Gi in the Liver(肝氣), so the patient can be easily scared. Deficiency of physique means the lack of Gi in the spleen(脾氣), making it difficult to use arms and legs. Deficiency of will means the lack of Gi in the kidney(腎氣), so Gowl syndrome(厥證) can ensue.

• BMB Reports
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.599-604
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• 1999

A highly conserved amino acid, glutamic acid (Glu), present at position 152 in the catalytic domain of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase (IN) protein has been known to be critical for enzymatic function since substitution of Glu 152 with other residues results in a complete loss of enzymatic activities. In order to better understand the role of Glu 152 as a conserved residue in enzymatic action, intragenic second site mutations have been introduced around residue 152 of a mutant IN (E152A), and their biochemical properties were analyzed in terms of enzymatic activities. Disintegration activities were found to be significantly restored in several second site mutant INs, while integration activities were only recovered weakly. However, endonucleolytic activities were not discovered in all the mutant INs. These findings indicate that the second site mutations can partially restore that catalytic structure of the active site disturbed by the E152A mutation and lead to the regaining of integration and disintegration activities. In addition, it is also suggested that endonucleolytic activity requires a more accurate structure of the catalytic site than that for the integration and disintegration activities.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.471-474
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• 1994

Five experimental groups with five adult male rats in each, were exposed to 20, 35, 40 and $45^{\circ}C$ air temperature for 50-70 minutes, and to $50^{\circ}C$ for 30-50 minutes, respectively. Food and drinking water were not permitted during the exposure. Blood samples were obtained by heart puncture immediately after the thermal treatment. All the rats were hyperthermic (p<0.01) as compared to the controls ($20^{\circ}C$). Hyperthermia was associated with hypoglycemia which was significant (p<0.01) at 45 and $50^{\circ}C$ exposures. Plasma levels of GOT and GPT declined at 35 and $40^{\circ}C$ reaching the lowest (p<0.05) level at $45^{\circ}C$, while at $50^{\circ}C$ GOT level was elevated by 45% but GPT was normal as compared to the controls. Differences between groups were significant (p<0.01) for GOT and insignificant for GPT. Hematocrit value increased significantly (p<0.01) at 45 and $50^{\circ}C$, indicating hemoconcentration. It could be concluded that severe heat stress (45 and $50^{\circ}C$) resulted in critical hyperthermia, hypoglycemia, disturbed liver function, body dehydration, and hemoconcentration leading to death.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.751-761
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• 2015

A multi-platform offshore wind farm is receiving the worldwide attention for the sake of maximizing the wind power capacity and the dynamic stability at sea. But, its wind power efficiency is inherently affected by the interference of wake disturbed by the rotating blades, so its layout should be appropriately designed to minimize such wake interference. In this context, the purpose of this paper is to introduce a layout optimization for multi-platform offshore wind farm consisted of 2.5MW spar-type floating wind turbines. The layout is characterized by the arrangement type of wind turbines, the spacing between wind turbines and the orientation of wind farm to the wind direction, but the current study is concerned with the spacing for a square-type wind farm oriented with the specific angle. The design variable and the objective function are defined by the platform length and the total material volume of the wind farm. The maximum torque loss and overlapping section area are taken as the constraints, and their meta-models expressed in terms of the design variable are approximated using the existing experimental data and the geometry interpretation of wake flow.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.317-323
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• 2003

When making crown and bridges on anterior regions, many practitioners consider the esthetics the most. For this reason functional aspect are not considered as much as the esthetics. If the occlusion on the anterior region are not formed correctly, movement of the temporomandibular joint can be disturbed and excessive stress can be occur that pathologic condition can be under lied. On this case presentation will show the importance of the anterior guidance and suggest the appropriate protocol of using customized anterior guide table. A 45years old male had to remake both of the upper central and lateral PFM because of the porcelain fracture. The new PFM crowns were made conventional methods without considering the anterior guidance. After the temporary setting, the patient complained of discomfort and short looking upper anteriors. To solve these problems we had to restore the palatal contour and length of the new crowns by making customized anterior guide table using temporary crowns that contains patient's old anterior guidance. This procedure which is copying the pt's comfortable anterior guidance to the final prosthesis made them to be esthetic and patients to feel comfortable.