• 기본간호학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.62-71
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was done to compare sleep patterns, factors of sleep disturbance and sleep enhancement behaviors between sleep disturbance and non-sleep disturbance elderly patients. Method: The participants were 117 patients over 65 years old who were hospitalized at 5 general hospitals in Seoul. There were 83 patients in the good sleeper group and 34 in the poor sleeper group. The survey questionnaires included questions on general characteristics, sleep patterns, sleep disturbing factors, and sleep enhancement behaviors of the patients. Results: For sleep patterns and environmental factors of sleep disturbance, the poor sleepers was significantly higher than that of the good sleepers. Significant differences between good sleepers and poor sleepers were also found on the following variables: Environmental factors of sleep disturbance -'Sound of other patient's or care-giver's', 'Discomfort of bed, linen, pillow and patient's gown', 'Light in the room', 'Emergency situations', 'Temperature of patients rooms too hot or too cold'. The significant physical factor of sleep disturbance was 'Hard to breath even without moving' and for sleep enhancement behaviors: 'Use of ear plugs or eye covers' Conclusion: Consequently it is necessary to develop positive and differentiated programs for sleep enhancement for the inactive and poor sleeper among the elderly patients.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1997년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국전력공사 서울연수원; 17-18 Oct. 1997
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• pp.1796-1799
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• 1997

This thersis presents precise position control emthods of a 3-PRPS in-parallel manipulator for industrial applications such as assembly of highly integrated semiconductors and microsurgery. Since real-time ontrol is one of the most important issues required for industrial application, the experimental hardware is set up with a VME based DSP controller. In the 3-PRPS parallel mainpulator, structurally existing frictiion at three horizontal links considerably degrades the precise position control. In order to compensate the friction of the horizontal links in the joint space, a disturbance compensation usign disturbance and velocity observers has been proposed and investigated. We analyzed the decision method of eigenvalues of the disturbance observer and the effects of the control resulted form tehsystem model errors. Through a series of simulations and experiments, we see that the methods is capable of compensating variations of the robot parameters such as inertia and damping as well as the joint friction. Experiments show that the disturbance compensation method usign disturbance and velocity observer is very effective to compensate the friction. Compared with conventional PID position control, it decreased position errors ina circular motion by approximately 70%.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.231-237
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of the aroma massage on shoulder pain, depression, and sleep disturbance in hemiparesis patients. Method: The research design was a nonequivalent control group nonsynchronized design. The data was collected from July 1 to August 31, 2003 at D medical Center in Busan. The subjects were 37 patients that they were assigned to two groups, nineteen subjects in the experimental group and seventeen subjects in the control group. The oil made from a blend of lavendar, clarysage, bergamot at a ratio 3:1:2 used for relieving shoulder pain, depression, sleep disturbance. The instruments used for this study were Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) for shoulder pain, Zung' depression scale, 4 score's scale for sleep disturbance. The data were analyzed using SPSS and hypotheses were examined with ANCOVA. Results: Shoulder pain, depression, and sleep disturbance were significantly lower in the experimental group compared than the control group. Conclusion: The aroma massage using selected essential oils is an effective intervention for relieving shoulder pain, depression, sleep disturbance in hemiparesis patients. However differences between aroma massage and massage were not clear, further study needs to be done.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.339-346
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was conducted to identify the impact of Symptom Severity and Symptom Interference on Sleep Disturbance among cancer patients. Methods: This study was conducted from October 8th to October 25th, 2012. One hundred eight cancer patients were recruited from S city in Korea. The instruments used in this study were the Symptom Severity, Symptom Interference and the Sleep Disturbance scales for patients with cancer. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 20.0 program. Results: The Sleep Disturbance for cancer patients showed a significant relationship with Symptom Interference and cancer stage. The significant factors influencing Sleep Disturbance were Symptom Severity and Symptom Interference. They explained 40.5% of the variance in stage IV. Conclusion: Patients with cancer experienced Symptom Severity and Symptom Interference which led to a negative effect on Sleep Disturbance. The results suggest that intervention programs to reduce Symptom Severity, Symptom Interference could improve Sleep Disturbance for cancer patients.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.508-519
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• 2018

This paper concerns on stabilization control of a gyro-stabilized 2-axes gimbal system which is mounted on a moving vehicles such as automobiles, armored vehicles, ships, flying vehicles, etc. A target image acquisition system is attached on the inner gimbal, and the gimbal systems are required to retain high stabilization accuracy in the absolute coordinate in order to provide fine target image while vehicle is moving. The stabilization control performance is hardly depended upon disturbance rejection ability of control, and disturbance feedforward compensation is effective because feedforward compensation reduce the amount of disturbance before the disturbance disturbs the systems. This paper suggests an experimental method which can estimate system parameters and disturbance torques by using 3-axes accelerometer mounted on the inner gimbal. Furthermore, a simple disturbance identification method which can be applied to any slanted base conditions has been suggested to identify mass unbalance vector and friction torques of each gimbal simultaneously. By using the estimated parameters, a feedforward compensation has been applied to the gyro-stabilized 2-axes gimbal system. The experimental results showed that the feedforward compensation based on the identification method suggested is effective to improve stabilization performances.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2016

본 논문은 NAND Flash Memory 수명을 향상시키기 위한 동작 algorithm 개선을 제안한다. Flash memory에 대한 read/write/erase 과정에서, 해당 cell의 Vth가 원하는 level대로 위치를 한다면 문제가 없으나, 원하는 위치대비 변동이 되어 있다면 잘못된 data를 읽어내게 된다. 이러한 cell간 interference나 disturbance 현상들은 program이나 erase 동작이 반복(EW cycle)될수록 더 심해지는 특징이 있다. 이는 반복되는 high bias 인가상태에서 벌어지는 FN tunneling 현상으로 인한 tunnel oxide 막질손상(trap site 증가)에 기인한다고 알려져 있다. 본 논문에서는 erase cell 관점에서 stress양 자체를 감소시킴으로써 cell 열화 속도를 느리게 하여, 궁극적으로 발생하는 Vth 변동사항인 disturbance를 줄일 수 있는 erase 동작방법에 대해 논한다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.346-352
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• 2016

This paper proposes an adaptive robust control method for an acrobot system in the presence of input disturbance. The acrobot system is a typical example of the underactuated system with complex nonlinearity and strong dynamic coupling. Also, disturbance can cause limit cycle phenomenon which appears in the acrobot system around the desired unstable equilibrium point. To minimize the effect of the disturbance, we apply a fuzzy disturbance estimation method for the swing-up and balancing control of the acrobot system. In this paper, both disturbance observer and controller for the acrobot system are designed and verified through mathematical proof and simulations.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.47-54
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• 1984

In an attempt to take Comprehensive nursing care the author tested cognitive function and psychiatric disturbance produced by normal adults. Mini-mental state and simple reaction time were tested and general health questionnaire was conducted two hundred subjects. The data were analyzed statistically and the results follow: 1. The score of mini-mental state of the elderly group was less significant than that of the younger group in the tests of cognitive dysfunction. The score of MMS of the female group, the illiteracy group less significant than that of other groups in the test of cogntive dysfunction. 2. Reaction time of the elderly group was slower than that of the younger group. Reaction time of the female group was slower than that of the male group. Reaction time of the illiteracy group was the slowest & the unskilled group was slower than that of the other groups. 3. As a result of the results of psychiatric disturbance the score of general health questionnaire of the elderly group was significantly higher than that of the younger group in the tests of psychiatric disturbance. The test of psychiatric disturbance sho-wed that the score of general health questionnaire of the female group was significantly higher than that of the male group in the tests of psychiatric disturbance. The illiteracy group was the highest in the psychiatric disturbance among other groups and the unskilled group was significantly higher than the other groups. 4. Education had higher correlation to mini-men-tat state, while age negative correlation in comparison with other variables age had higher correlation to reaction time, while education had negative correlation in comparison with other variables. Sex had low correlation in these tests.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 1998년도 추계학술대회논문집:21세기에 대비한 지능형 통합항만관리
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• pp.175-180
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• 1998

In container crane system, the variation of cargo weight have effect on the travelling and sway control of load. For precise travelling and/or anti-sway control of crane system, the cargo weight should be measured and considered with control algorithm. But, and added attachment for measuring the cargo weight put restraint upon the control freedom for travelling and anti-sway. In this paper, we propose an estimation method for cargo weight in container crane system by using observation technique. First of all, we model the container crane system as a bilinear system and transform this model into linear system with external disturbance model. Second, we propose a generalized type - disturbance estimation observer and set a disturbance model, where, the cargo weight is related with the sway of load, and the sway is represented as a periodic external disturbance. Lastly, by using simulation we verify that the proposed algorithm of disturbance estimation observer is effective to estimate the cargo weight, and it will be used with anti-sway control algorithm.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2005

본 논문은 외란 제거 제어기의 실제적인 설계와 구현방법을 제안한다. 2 DOF 구조에서는 외란 제거의 성능은 순 방향 루프 제어기의 고 이득 없이 개선될 수 있다. 그러나, 2 DOF의 설계 방법이 2 DOF 수학적인 이론에 근거하기 때문에 다양한 응용 분야의 사용이 쉽지 않았다. 외란 관측기(Disturbance Observer, DOB)는 간단하지만, 매우 효과적인 2 DOF 제어기이다. 이 논문에서 기본적인 DOB 특성부터 설계와 구현의 기술적인 방법까지 실제적인 문제를 다룬다. 또한 실질적인 방법에 의하여 모델링하는 방법과 그 예를 설명하였다. 제안한 방법은 두 가지의 선형 모터 시스템으로 유용함을 증명하였다.