• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.5 no.1 s.16
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• pp.33-43
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• 2005

The girder wheel load distribution factors stated in the Korean Bridge Specification and AASHTO Standard Specifications do not account for the effect of skewness of plate girders, and very little research has been conducted on girder wheel load distribution factors. The purpose of the study is to propose load distribution factor formulas for skew plate girder bridges which comprise various parameters through structural analysis. To confirm the validity of finite element models used in this study analytic values are compared with the field test results. From the results it should be noted that span length is not such a dominant parameter compared with others. In view of better load distribution of interior girders, skew arranged cross beams or bracing are preferable, furthemore bracing system is more effective than cross beam system. By means of regression analysis on the basis of analytic results wheel load distribution factor formulas are proposed and compared with current codes.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.265-279
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• 1999

In this study, one of the techniques on the extension of low flow series has been developed, in which the daily streamflows were simulated by the Tank model with the input of extended daily rainfall series which were stochastically generated by the Markov chain model. The annual lowest flow serried for each of the given durations were formulated form the simulated daily streamflow sequences. The frequency of the estimated annual lowest flow series was analyzed. The distribution types to be used for the frequency analysis were two-parameter and three-parameter log-normal distribution, two-parameter and three-parameter Gamma distribution, three-parameter log-Gamma distribution, Gumbel distribution, and Weibull distribution, of which parameters were estimated by the moment method and the maximum likelihood method. The goodness-of-fit test for probability distribution is evaluated by the Kolmogorov-Sminrov test. The fitted distribution function for each duration series is applied to frequency analysis for developing duration-low flow-frequency curves at Yongdam Dam station. It was shown that the purposed technique in this study is available to generate the daily streamflow series with fair accuracy and useful to determine the probabilistic low flow in the watersheds having the poor historic records of low flow series.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.151-160
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• 2005

Current bridge design codes do not clearly specify the girder distribution factors for continuous bridges. The objective of the paper is to validate the use of code-specified girder distribution factors for the continuous steel girder bridges, and to provide a basis for recommended girder distribution factors (GDF) for interior girders, suitable for evaluation of existing continuous steel girder bridges. This paper presents the procedure and results of 3-dimensional finite element analysis that were performed on five of continuous steel girder bridges to verify girder distribution factors. The analysis results showed that the live load moment distribution at the negative moment region is very similar to those at the positive moment region in continuous steel girder bridges. It was also found that the GDF's based on the strain values are similar to those based on the deflection. GDF's based on the deflection show marginally better distribution. The analysis results confirmed that the code specified GDF's for continuous steel girder birdges are very conservative.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.293-303
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• 2005

The girder wheel load distribution factors stated in the Korean Bridge Specification and AASHTO Standard Specifications do not account for the effect of skewness of plate girders, and very little research has been conducted on girder wheel load distribution factors. The purpose of the study is to propose load distribution factor formulas for skew plate girder bridges which comprise various parameters through structural analysis. To comprise the validity of finite element models used in this study analytic values are compared with the field test results. From the results it should be noted that span length is not such a dominant parameter compared with others. In view of better load distribution of interior girders, skew arranged cross beams or bracing are preferable, furthemore bracing system is more effective than cross beam system. By means of regression analysis on the basis of analytic results wheel load distribution factor formulas are proposed and compared with current codes.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.35-47
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• 2008

The low flow analysis is an important part in water resources engineering. Also, the results of low flow frequency analysis can be used for design of reservoir storage, water supply planning and design, waste-load allocation, and maintenance of quantity and quality of water for irrigation and wild life conservation. Especially, for identification of the uncertainty in frequency analysis, the Bayesian approach is applied and compared with conventional methodologies in at-site low flow frequency analysis. In the first manuscript, the theoretical background for the Bayesian MCMC (Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo) method and Metropolis-Hasting algorithm are studied. Two types of the prior distribution, a non-data- based and a data-based prior distributions are developed and compared to perform the Bayesian MCMC method. It can be suggested that the results of a data-based prior distribution is more effective than those of a non-data-based prior distribution. The acceptance rate of the algorithm is computed to assess the effectiveness of the developed algorithm. In the second manuscript, the Bayesian MCMC method using a data-based prior distribution and MLE(Maximum Likelihood Estimation) using a quadratic approximation are performed for the at-site low flow frequency analysis.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.187-196
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• 1996

In this study, 3-dimensional finite element model of a diesel engine cylinder head was made to accomplish heat transfer analysis and also thermal stress and deformation analysis. Heat release analysis and Nusselt-Reynolds correlations were applied to determine the convective boundary conditions which are required for heat transfer analysis to calculate temperature distribution. Thermal stress distribution was also investigated from heat transfer analysis results. Steady state temperature and heat flux were measured by using K-type thermocouples and then compared with numerical results to give a guarantee for the propriety of numerical analyses.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.196-202
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• 2006

This paper presents a new magneto-thermal finite element analysis for predicting the temperature rise of the EHV GIS busbar. Joule's heat due to current flowing in the main conductor and the heat due to the induced eddy current in the tank are calculated by the magnetic field analysis. And these heats are used as the input data to predict the temperature rise for the thermal analysis. However, it is not easy to apply the heat-transfer coefficients on the boundaries for the thermal analysis. In this paper, the heat-transfer coefficients on the boundaries are analytically calculated by applying the Nusselt number considering material constant and model geometry for the natural convection. The temperature distribution in the busbar by coupled magneto-thermal finite element analysis shows good agreement with the experimental data.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.85-94
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• 2014

Tolerance accumulation has serious effect on the performance of an assembled body. This paper proposes the method which analyzes tolerance accumulation using Monte Carlo Simulation. This method can predict tolerance distribution of fully assembled body using the dimensional tolerance distribution of each part to be assembled. In this analysis, it is assumed that the tolerance of each part has the nominal distribution or uniform distribution. This analysis method is applied to ECV(External Control Valve), and the accumulated tolerance of the fully assembled ECV is obtained from the analysis. The results show that initial tolerance given to each part do not meet the design requirement of ECV. Hence, the tolerances of each part are modified and the additional analysis with the modified tolerances yields the results which satisfy the design requirements of ECV.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.384-386
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• 2003

Striking in change that present our country is much by electricity industry reform and the Korea Electric Power Corporation is deciding power distribution system reliability indices every year but power distribution system for reliability evaluation and establishment of investment program are consisting punily. If consider efficient inflection of resources and hereafter power distribution division that is limited for target achievement of schedule level service evaluation and reliability side in operation of the power distribution system, can expect efficient practical use of the power distribution property if gains in electrical side about these change and most suitable investment way consist because there is necessity of electric power plan establishment of area electric power distribution place of business unit. This paper consider proper reliability level and maximum effect through quantitative analysis to gain electrical gains of the power distribution system in reliability side depending on trend DB(Data Base) of data of electric power system composition appliance in this treatise and apply data administration and reliability rate analysis that serve to decide most suitable investment precedence to supply of electric power property to power distribution system present investment algorithm.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.13-20
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• 2023

Purpose: This research explores the development of music business distribution channels to attract potential customers based on the current and prior literature. As a result, the research will provide solutions for practitioners in the music distribution channel how they create effective channel in new industry phase which has experienced significant changes due to technological advancement and consumer behavior. Research design, data, and methodology: To obtain textual data in the literature storage, the author conducted content analysis. Even though there are numerous textual resources, selecting only high-quality text data that is only peer-reviewed journal articles and books consistently indicate a high degree of reliability and validity to keep the advantage form content analysis approach. Results: The present study figured out that there are five strategies to attract potential consumers in the music distribution channel, such as (1) 'Marketing Mix', (2) 'Streaming Platforms and Online Music Stores', (3) 'Brick and Mortar Stores and Concerts, and Events', (4) 'Platforms Exclusives and Limited-Edition Merchandise', and 'Partnerships and collaborations. Conclusions: In sum, the practitioners need to consider include building relationships with the fans, studying and understanding their target market, utilizing multiple available distribution channels, embracing new technologies, and analyzing the effectiveness of the adopted distribution channels.